NURS 316B PATHOPHARM
MEDICATIONS: ENDOCRINE URINARY
GASTROINTESTINAL. EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
Amoxicillin
clarithromycin
metronidazole (Flagyl) - ANS Class:
Antibiotics
Uses:
H. Pylori Infection
MOA:
Eradicates H. Pylori as causative agent for gastric ulcers.
AR:
N/V, diarrhea, taste disturbances
Clarithromycin: Potential for hepatotoxicity
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,Amoxicillin: Potential for superinfections
Metronidazole: Peripheral neuropathy. Potential for alcohol reaction
NI:
Educate pt to take with adequate fluid
cimetidine (Tagamet)
famotidine(Pepcid) - ANS Class:
Histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H2 Blockers)
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
duodenal ulcers
MOA:
Blocks H2 receptors in gastric lining thereby reducing amount of gastric acid and decreasing
acidity of gastric fluids.
AR:
Constipation or diarrhea, cardiac arrhythmias, CNS effects (dizziness, confusion, HA,
somnolence) impotence, gynecomastia, diarrhea
sucralfate (Carafate) - ANS Class:
Mucosal protectants
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
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, duodenal ulcers
MOA:
When ingested, the drug is converted by gastric acids into a protective barrier that adheres to
an ulcer.
Constipation or diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, dry mouth, CNS symptoms (sleeplessness,
dizziness, vertigo) Aluminum buildup: contraindicated in renal disease
sodium bicarbonate
calcium carbonate (Tums)
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia) - ANS Class:
Antacids
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
duodenal ulcers
MOA:
Neutralizes gastric acid by producing neutral salts and inactivating pepsin
AR:
Alkalosis: N/V, neuromuscular changes, HA, irritability, muscle twitching
Sodium bicarbonate:Fluid retention, HF
Calcium carbonate: Hypercalcemia
Aluminum hydroxide: Hypophosphatemia Magnesium hydroxide:
Hypermagnesemia, nerve damage
3 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
MEDICATIONS: ENDOCRINE URINARY
GASTROINTESTINAL. EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
Amoxicillin
clarithromycin
metronidazole (Flagyl) - ANS Class:
Antibiotics
Uses:
H. Pylori Infection
MOA:
Eradicates H. Pylori as causative agent for gastric ulcers.
AR:
N/V, diarrhea, taste disturbances
Clarithromycin: Potential for hepatotoxicity
1 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
,Amoxicillin: Potential for superinfections
Metronidazole: Peripheral neuropathy. Potential for alcohol reaction
NI:
Educate pt to take with adequate fluid
cimetidine (Tagamet)
famotidine(Pepcid) - ANS Class:
Histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H2 Blockers)
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
duodenal ulcers
MOA:
Blocks H2 receptors in gastric lining thereby reducing amount of gastric acid and decreasing
acidity of gastric fluids.
AR:
Constipation or diarrhea, cardiac arrhythmias, CNS effects (dizziness, confusion, HA,
somnolence) impotence, gynecomastia, diarrhea
sucralfate (Carafate) - ANS Class:
Mucosal protectants
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
2 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, duodenal ulcers
MOA:
When ingested, the drug is converted by gastric acids into a protective barrier that adheres to
an ulcer.
Constipation or diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, dry mouth, CNS symptoms (sleeplessness,
dizziness, vertigo) Aluminum buildup: contraindicated in renal disease
sodium bicarbonate
calcium carbonate (Tums)
aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia) - ANS Class:
Antacids
Uses:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Gastric/
duodenal ulcers
MOA:
Neutralizes gastric acid by producing neutral salts and inactivating pepsin
AR:
Alkalosis: N/V, neuromuscular changes, HA, irritability, muscle twitching
Sodium bicarbonate:Fluid retention, HF
Calcium carbonate: Hypercalcemia
Aluminum hydroxide: Hypophosphatemia Magnesium hydroxide:
Hypermagnesemia, nerve damage
3 | Page @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
