NUR 425 MedSurg 2 - Exam 3 (Study
Guide)
Diagnostic lab findings consistent with myocardial injury? – answer Troponin
** gold standard for determining if pt suffered a cardiac injury
Diagnostic standard for diagnosing MI? – answer ECG
Patient Education: The pain and fear of MI can cause anxiety and feelings of impending
doom? - answerSit down and talk with patient about everything being done.
What is a good item that is low in sodium (Na) and saturated fats? – answer Skinless
Chicken Breast
Increased ____________ results in a more forceful contraction and __________
cardiac output. – answer Increased preload results in a more forceful contraction and
increases cardiac output.
A __________ in cardiac contractility results in lower ______________ and subsequent
cardiac output. – answer A reduction in cardiac contractility results in lower preload and
subsequent cardiac output.
Note: Hypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output
_____________ is a lower blood volume and will result in _________ cardiac output. -
answerHypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output.
__________ resistance increases __________ and increases the workload on the
heart. - answerPeripheral vascular resistance increases afterload and increases the
workload on the heart.
What RX is used to decrease afterload? - answerAntihypertensives
What RX to decrease preload? - answerDiuretics
What RX is used to increase contractility? - answerInotropic
Education for a patient with cardiac disease includes what teachings? - answer1.
Lifestyle changes
2. Diet and nutrition
3. Report chest pain immediately
, Early intervention for newly diagnosed prehypertension? - answerLifestyle change- Risk
reduction
Hypertensive Crisis is often the result of? - answerNot following medication dosing
instructions
Hypertensive crisis symptoms - answer1. Severe Headache
2. Blurred Vision
3. Epistaxis
4. Extremely high BP
Priority nursing assessment to prevent hypertensive crisis complications? -
answerRecognize the manifestations
How is HTN diagnosed? - answerBP greater than 130/80 based on the average of two
or more readings taken on separate occasions
When taking a patient's BP, it is higher than their baseline, what is the appropriate
nursing intervention? - answerSwitch arms and retake the BP.
What are the expected outcomes of effective HTN treatment? - answerLower BP
Remember: BP at goal (typically < 130/80)
First line treatment for HTN? - answerThiazide diuretic
________ can lead to stroke which is manifested with _____ drooping and _____
speech. - answerAtherosclerosis can lead to stroke which is manifested with facial
drooping and slurred speech.
If the nurse finds a patient with symptoms of stroke, what are the three priority nursing
interventions/ actions? - answer1. Initiate Rapid Response
2. Protect Airway: Raise HOB, Turn, Suction
3. Vitals
Atherosclerosis: What are four modifiable risk factors? - answer1. Smoking
2. Diet
3. Activity
4. Obesity
What are some risk factors for Atherosclerosis? - answer- Elevated cholesterol,
triglycerides, & LDL
- Low HDL
Guide)
Diagnostic lab findings consistent with myocardial injury? – answer Troponin
** gold standard for determining if pt suffered a cardiac injury
Diagnostic standard for diagnosing MI? – answer ECG
Patient Education: The pain and fear of MI can cause anxiety and feelings of impending
doom? - answerSit down and talk with patient about everything being done.
What is a good item that is low in sodium (Na) and saturated fats? – answer Skinless
Chicken Breast
Increased ____________ results in a more forceful contraction and __________
cardiac output. – answer Increased preload results in a more forceful contraction and
increases cardiac output.
A __________ in cardiac contractility results in lower ______________ and subsequent
cardiac output. – answer A reduction in cardiac contractility results in lower preload and
subsequent cardiac output.
Note: Hypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output
_____________ is a lower blood volume and will result in _________ cardiac output. -
answerHypovolemia is a lower blood volume and will result in lower cardiac output.
__________ resistance increases __________ and increases the workload on the
heart. - answerPeripheral vascular resistance increases afterload and increases the
workload on the heart.
What RX is used to decrease afterload? - answerAntihypertensives
What RX to decrease preload? - answerDiuretics
What RX is used to increase contractility? - answerInotropic
Education for a patient with cardiac disease includes what teachings? - answer1.
Lifestyle changes
2. Diet and nutrition
3. Report chest pain immediately
, Early intervention for newly diagnosed prehypertension? - answerLifestyle change- Risk
reduction
Hypertensive Crisis is often the result of? - answerNot following medication dosing
instructions
Hypertensive crisis symptoms - answer1. Severe Headache
2. Blurred Vision
3. Epistaxis
4. Extremely high BP
Priority nursing assessment to prevent hypertensive crisis complications? -
answerRecognize the manifestations
How is HTN diagnosed? - answerBP greater than 130/80 based on the average of two
or more readings taken on separate occasions
When taking a patient's BP, it is higher than their baseline, what is the appropriate
nursing intervention? - answerSwitch arms and retake the BP.
What are the expected outcomes of effective HTN treatment? - answerLower BP
Remember: BP at goal (typically < 130/80)
First line treatment for HTN? - answerThiazide diuretic
________ can lead to stroke which is manifested with _____ drooping and _____
speech. - answerAtherosclerosis can lead to stroke which is manifested with facial
drooping and slurred speech.
If the nurse finds a patient with symptoms of stroke, what are the three priority nursing
interventions/ actions? - answer1. Initiate Rapid Response
2. Protect Airway: Raise HOB, Turn, Suction
3. Vitals
Atherosclerosis: What are four modifiable risk factors? - answer1. Smoking
2. Diet
3. Activity
4. Obesity
What are some risk factors for Atherosclerosis? - answer- Elevated cholesterol,
triglycerides, & LDL
- Low HDL
