Nurs 251 Portage Pathophysiology
final exam module 1-10 [2025/2026]
with updated questions and actual
answers
1. Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. -
correct answerNecrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person. One type of necrosis is
coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood supply, this can happen with the heart.
Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - correct answer1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
,10. physical agent
2. A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - correct answerFalse
3. During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. - correct answerFalse (It's
hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
4. Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the
number of cells - correct answerFalse (It's an increase in the size of the cells)
5. Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions - correct answerTrue
Sensitivity - correct answer
6. Proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that disease
Reliability - correct answer
7. How likely the same result will occur if repeated
Validity - correct answer
8. How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity - correct answer
9. People without the disease who are negative on a given test
10. Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - correct answerIt includes peroxisomes and
proteasomes
Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all that apply. - correct
answerOxygen, carbon dioxide, water
, Which of the following are false of the cell? - correct answerThe rough ER is the site for lipid synthesis.
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - correct answer1. they control free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - correct answerpathophysiology
A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - correct answersigns
Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in certain circumstances? -
correct answerClinical practice guidelines
Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? - correct answermorbidity
Define primary prevention and give an example: - correct answer1 .remove risk factors to prevent
disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects, vaccinating children to
prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing
seatbelts or helmets.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - correct answerThe two types of
gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry necrosis is tissue that has become dry and wrinkled and can
become brown or black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid
spread.
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example of each. - correct
answer1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
2. Epithelial tissue lacks blood vessles and is located on the surfaces of our body. An example of
epithelial tissue is our skin.
final exam module 1-10 [2025/2026]
with updated questions and actual
answers
1. Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. -
correct answerNecrosis is cell death in a tissue of a living person. One type of necrosis is
coagulative necrosis and it is sudden cut off of blood supply, this can happen with the heart.
Matching
1. Viruses
2. Alcohol
3. Reactive oxygen species
4. Electrical burn
5. Thermal burn
6. Iron deficiency anemia
7. Mercury toxicity
8. Low oxygen to tissues
9. Parasites
10. Fractures - correct answer1. biologic agents
2. chemical injury
3. free radical injury
4. physical agents
5. radiation injury
6. nutritional imbalance
7. chemical injury
8. hypoxic cell injury
9. biologic agents
,10. physical agent
2. A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - correct answerFalse
3. During pregnancy, uterine enlargement is caused by hypoplasia. - correct answerFalse (It's
hypertrophy and hyperplasia.)
4. Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the
number of cells - correct answerFalse (It's an increase in the size of the cells)
5. Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions - correct answerTrue
Sensitivity - correct answer
6. Proportion of people with a disease who are positive for that disease
Reliability - correct answer
7. How likely the same result will occur if repeated
Validity - correct answer
8. How a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity - correct answer
9. People without the disease who are negative on a given test
10. Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - correct answerIt includes peroxisomes and
proteasomes
Which of the following move across the cell membrane via diffusion? Select all that apply. - correct
answerOxygen, carbon dioxide, water
, Which of the following are false of the cell? - correct answerThe rough ER is the site for lipid synthesis.
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - correct answer1. they control free radicals
2. They are found far from the site of energy consumption
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - correct answerpathophysiology
A patient has a fever and rash. What are these examples of? - correct answersigns
Which of the following is helpful to the clinician on how to deliver health care in certain circumstances? -
correct answerClinical practice guidelines
Which of the following is the effect of an illness on one's life? - correct answermorbidity
Define primary prevention and give an example: - correct answer1 .remove risk factors to prevent
disease from occurring
2. Example(s) - taking folic acid while pregnant to prevent neural tube defects, vaccinating children to
prevent communicable disease, eating healthy and exercising to prevent heart disease, and wearing
seatbelts or helmets.
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - correct answerThe two types of
gangrenous necrosis are wet and dry. Dry necrosis is tissue that has become dry and wrinkled and can
become brown or black. It is a slow spread. Wet grangrenous is swollen and moist tissue. It is a rapid
spread.
List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example of each. - correct
answer1. Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
2. Epithelial tissue lacks blood vessles and is located on the surfaces of our body. An example of
epithelial tissue is our skin.
