NU 470 midterm exam questions with answers

NU 470 midterm exam questions with answers
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are the ethical issues around end-of-life care?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




- Client's may not be able to effectively communicate
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- Interventions may seem futile
|\ |\ |\ |\


- Outcome predictions may not seem accurate
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- Different opinions regarding the worth of an outcome
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- Older adults may not be familiar with autonomy and may have
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


difficulty contradicting HCP |\ |\


- Diminished cognitive ability due to disease and medications
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




What are the 4 principle based approach to ethics?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




1. Autonomy; Consent and Advocacy
|\ |\ |\ |\


2. Nonmaleficence; Avoid causing harm
|\ |\ |\ |\


3. Beneficence; assessing and medicating for pain
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


4. Justice; Act fairly
|\ |\ |\


**Fidelity
- Paternalism
|\


- Deception
|\


- Privacy and social media
|\ |\ |\ |\


- Confidentiality
|\


- Allocation of scarce nursing resources
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- Valid consent or refusal
|\ |\ |\ |\


- Conflicts concerning new technology
|\ |\ |\ |\


- Unprofessional, incompetent, unethical, or illegal physician
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


practice
- Unprofessional, incompetent, unethical, or illegal nurse practice
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


- Short staffing issues
|\ |\ |\


- Beginning of life issues
|\ |\ |\ |\


- End of life issues
|\ |\ |\ |\




What are examples of ethical problems?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\

, 1. |\ Assess the situation (gather data) |\ |\ |\ |\


2. |\ Diagnose the ethical problem (identify) |\ |\ |\ |\


3. |\ Plan (Identify and weight alternatives)
|\ |\ |\ |\


4. |\ Implement decision |\


5. |\ Evaluate the decision |\ |\




What are the step to making an ethical decision?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




2 or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


inconsistent courses of action |\ |\ |\




Ethical dilemmas |\




When you know the right thing, but Personal or institutional
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


factors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Moral distress |\




What is the definition of ethics?
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




THe application of theories and principles that govern moral
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


behavior. A guide for nurses to carry out responsibilities in a
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


manner consistent with quality in nursing care and ethical
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


obligation of the profession. |\ |\ |\




What are advanced directives?
|\ |\ |\




legal directives that state what medical treatment the patient
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


wants if incapacitated or unable to express their wishes.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Recommended for all adults. |\ |\ |\




This provides a specific instruction about the kinds of health care
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to be provided or not provided
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




living will, advanced directive|\ |\ |\




1. Must be signed by the person and 2 witnesses
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


2. a copy given to the PCP and placed in the medical record
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


3. It is a description of health care preferences, including electing
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


all available medical treatment.
|\ |\ |\ |\


4. Can be implemented if the signer becomes incapacitated
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\