Pharmacology Final Exam-
Rasmussen
1. What does digoxin do?: Slows the heart down to allow for more time for the blood to enter the ventricles, increases cardiac contract
filling and sends more blood through out body
2. Therapeutic level of Digoxin: 0.5- 2.0
3. What level is generally considered toxic for digoxin?: > 2.4
4. S/S of digoxin toxicity: Green/yellow/white halos seen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
5. What must you do before you administer digoxin and when do you hold?: Need to take apical pulse for 60
seconds if less than 60 bpm hold medication
6. Most common vasodilater and what does it do?: Nitroglycerin: dilates blood vessel to increase flow to
myocardium
7. Transderaml Patch of Nitroglycerin facts: - Keep on for 12 hours and ott for 12
- Problem with this is people may not notice pt already has one on and add another
8. Sublingual nitroglycerin: - have pt stop any activity, take 1 tab let dissolve, if pain persists take 2nd tab and call 911
- Max dose is 3 tabs
- 5 minutes between each dose
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12
, Pharmacology Final Exam-
Rasmussen
9. What position should pt be in for sublingual nitroglycerin?: Sitting bc it dilates the vessels causing BP
drop
10. What happens if you don't wait 5 min between nitroglycerin tabs?: massive hypotensive ettect
due to half life of medication
11. Patch Vs. Sublingual Nitro: Patch over sublingual if pt has large amounts of subartery occlusions
12. When do we give IV nitro?: ICU pt that is very occluded and needs immediate attention
13. What med should be avoided if taking nitro?: Erectile dysfunction medications (sydenefil) bc they are
vasodilators, mixture causes VERY low BP
14. Potassium levels: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
15. What does hydrochlorothiazide do to potassium?: It is a potassium depleting diuretic
16. What happens if potassium levels are too high or too low?: Life threatening dysrhyth- mias
17. What do you do if a pt taking hydrochlorothiazide has low potassium?: Give them OJ, hold
med, and notify provider
18. Can IV potassium be pushed?: NO it must be DILUTED
19. When do you hold betablockers?: BP > 100/60 or HR > 60
20. Purpose of Beta Blockers: Slow heart rate, decrease force thus decreases BP
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12
Rasmussen
1. What does digoxin do?: Slows the heart down to allow for more time for the blood to enter the ventricles, increases cardiac contract
filling and sends more blood through out body
2. Therapeutic level of Digoxin: 0.5- 2.0
3. What level is generally considered toxic for digoxin?: > 2.4
4. S/S of digoxin toxicity: Green/yellow/white halos seen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
5. What must you do before you administer digoxin and when do you hold?: Need to take apical pulse for 60
seconds if less than 60 bpm hold medication
6. Most common vasodilater and what does it do?: Nitroglycerin: dilates blood vessel to increase flow to
myocardium
7. Transderaml Patch of Nitroglycerin facts: - Keep on for 12 hours and ott for 12
- Problem with this is people may not notice pt already has one on and add another
8. Sublingual nitroglycerin: - have pt stop any activity, take 1 tab let dissolve, if pain persists take 2nd tab and call 911
- Max dose is 3 tabs
- 5 minutes between each dose
1/
12
, Pharmacology Final Exam-
Rasmussen
9. What position should pt be in for sublingual nitroglycerin?: Sitting bc it dilates the vessels causing BP
drop
10. What happens if you don't wait 5 min between nitroglycerin tabs?: massive hypotensive ettect
due to half life of medication
11. Patch Vs. Sublingual Nitro: Patch over sublingual if pt has large amounts of subartery occlusions
12. When do we give IV nitro?: ICU pt that is very occluded and needs immediate attention
13. What med should be avoided if taking nitro?: Erectile dysfunction medications (sydenefil) bc they are
vasodilators, mixture causes VERY low BP
14. Potassium levels: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
15. What does hydrochlorothiazide do to potassium?: It is a potassium depleting diuretic
16. What happens if potassium levels are too high or too low?: Life threatening dysrhyth- mias
17. What do you do if a pt taking hydrochlorothiazide has low potassium?: Give them OJ, hold
med, and notify provider
18. Can IV potassium be pushed?: NO it must be DILUTED
19. When do you hold betablockers?: BP > 100/60 or HR > 60
20. Purpose of Beta Blockers: Slow heart rate, decrease force thus decreases BP
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12
