DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
DAVIES SPI: IV. PULSE-ECHO INSTRUMENTATION (30% OF
ARDMS) EXAM PREPARATION FOR 2025/2026 COMPLETE 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!
What physical concept allows us to determine the location of an interface by
measuring the elapsed time between the transmitted pulsed ultrasound wave and
the detected echo from that interface?
A. Huygen's principle
B. Echo ranging
C. Snell's law
D. Doppler effect
E. None of the above
B. Echo ranging
<Echo ranging involved use of the range equation with pulsed-wave imaging to
determine reflector depth>
What is the source of the echoes depicted by the arrows in this image of the
kidney?
A. Side lobes
B. Grating lobes
C. Refraction
D. Reverberation
E. Multipath reflections
D. Reverberation
1|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
Preprocessing functions may be defined as:
A. Any function that can be performed on a frozen image
B. A function that takes place in the beam former and is not controllable by the
operator
C. A function that allows increased focusing of the sound beam
D. A function that is performed before the echo data are stored in memory
E. Any function that changes the quality of the ultrasound image
D. A function that is performed before the echo data are stored in memory
<Any function that occurs after this point is referred to as postprocessing. The
easiest way to distinguish pre- and postprocessing functions is this: If it can't be
performed on a frozen image, it is preprocessing; if it can be performed on a
frozen image, it is postprocessing>
Which term below most correctly describes this Doppler waveform?
A. Aliasing
B. Spectral mirroring
C. Spectral broadening due to sample volume size
D. Reverberation
E. Bidirectional flow
B. Spectral mirroring
You have decreased the scan line density. What technique will be employed to fill
in the empt data between the scan lines?
A. Interpolation
B. Rejection
C. Compression
2|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
D. Autocorrelation
E. Demodulation
A. Interpolation
<Interpolation is used to fill in the missing data between scan lines in both gray-
scale and color Doppler. The missing data are estimated from the data present in
nearby pixels on adjacent scan lines>
Which of the following ultrasound examinations would require the highest frame
rate?
A. Small parts
B. Abdominal
C. Pelvic
D. Vascular
E. Cardiac
E. Cardiac
<Since the heart is a rapidly moving structure, high frame rates are required to
assess it accurately>
What term is used to describe the three-dimensional pixel element in 3D
sonography?
A. Volume point
B. Voxel
C. Quadrant
D. Channel
E. All of the above
3|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
B. Voxel
<The term voxel is used to describe the smallest element of a three-dimensional
volume. It is analogous to the term pixel in 2D imaging>
What system component is responsible for transmit focusing?
A. Receiver
B. Monitor
C. Beam former
D. Preprocessing
E. System clock
C. Beam former
<Specifically, the transmit beam former, which introduces time delays into the
excitation pulse sequence applied to the elements>
A-mode display is most commonly used for what type of ultrasound imaging?
A. Small parts
B. Abdominal
C. Cardiac
D. Vascular
E. Ophthalmologic
E. Ophthalmologic
What type of imaging results in selective reception of frequencies that are two
times that of the transmitted frequency?
4|Page
DAVIES SPI: IV. PULSE-ECHO INSTRUMENTATION (30% OF
ARDMS) EXAM PREPARATION FOR 2025/2026 COMPLETE 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED
A+||BRAND NEW!!
What physical concept allows us to determine the location of an interface by
measuring the elapsed time between the transmitted pulsed ultrasound wave and
the detected echo from that interface?
A. Huygen's principle
B. Echo ranging
C. Snell's law
D. Doppler effect
E. None of the above
B. Echo ranging
<Echo ranging involved use of the range equation with pulsed-wave imaging to
determine reflector depth>
What is the source of the echoes depicted by the arrows in this image of the
kidney?
A. Side lobes
B. Grating lobes
C. Refraction
D. Reverberation
E. Multipath reflections
D. Reverberation
1|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
Preprocessing functions may be defined as:
A. Any function that can be performed on a frozen image
B. A function that takes place in the beam former and is not controllable by the
operator
C. A function that allows increased focusing of the sound beam
D. A function that is performed before the echo data are stored in memory
E. Any function that changes the quality of the ultrasound image
D. A function that is performed before the echo data are stored in memory
<Any function that occurs after this point is referred to as postprocessing. The
easiest way to distinguish pre- and postprocessing functions is this: If it can't be
performed on a frozen image, it is preprocessing; if it can be performed on a
frozen image, it is postprocessing>
Which term below most correctly describes this Doppler waveform?
A. Aliasing
B. Spectral mirroring
C. Spectral broadening due to sample volume size
D. Reverberation
E. Bidirectional flow
B. Spectral mirroring
You have decreased the scan line density. What technique will be employed to fill
in the empt data between the scan lines?
A. Interpolation
B. Rejection
C. Compression
2|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
D. Autocorrelation
E. Demodulation
A. Interpolation
<Interpolation is used to fill in the missing data between scan lines in both gray-
scale and color Doppler. The missing data are estimated from the data present in
nearby pixels on adjacent scan lines>
Which of the following ultrasound examinations would require the highest frame
rate?
A. Small parts
B. Abdominal
C. Pelvic
D. Vascular
E. Cardiac
E. Cardiac
<Since the heart is a rapidly moving structure, high frame rates are required to
assess it accurately>
What term is used to describe the three-dimensional pixel element in 3D
sonography?
A. Volume point
B. Voxel
C. Quadrant
D. Channel
E. All of the above
3|Page
, DAVIES SPI: IV. Pulse-Echo Instrumentation (30% of ARDMS) Exam
B. Voxel
<The term voxel is used to describe the smallest element of a three-dimensional
volume. It is analogous to the term pixel in 2D imaging>
What system component is responsible for transmit focusing?
A. Receiver
B. Monitor
C. Beam former
D. Preprocessing
E. System clock
C. Beam former
<Specifically, the transmit beam former, which introduces time delays into the
excitation pulse sequence applied to the elements>
A-mode display is most commonly used for what type of ultrasound imaging?
A. Small parts
B. Abdominal
C. Cardiac
D. Vascular
E. Ophthalmologic
E. Ophthalmologic
What type of imaging results in selective reception of frequencies that are two
times that of the transmitted frequency?
4|Page
