Critical Care Nursing – Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Renal, & More (2025)

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NUR-265 Exam 1 Newest 2025 Includes l l l l l




AccurateAndVerifiedQuestionsCovering
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CriticalCareNursingTopicsSuchAs l l l l l




CardiovascularAndRespiratoryDisorders, Fluid l l l l




And Electrolyte Balance, Acid-Base Imbalances,
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Pharmacology, And Nursing l l l




Interventions




What is nephrotic syndrome? ......answer. ..... A condition of increased
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glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the
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membrane into the urine and then be excreted.
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What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? ......answer. ..-*Massive
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proteinuria*

-*Hypoalbuminemia*

-*Edema (facial and periorbital)* l l l




-Lipiduria

-Hyperlipidemia

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-Increased coagulation l




-Reduced kidney function l l




In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what?
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......answer. ... 3.5g in 24 hours l l l




What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? ......answer. ..-
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immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based). l l l l




-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
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-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
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-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
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Describe the "risk" stage for AKI ......answer. ...... creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and
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GFR reduced by 25%
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Describe the "injury" stage for AKI ......answer. ...... creatinine x2 & GFR
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reduced by 50% l l




Describe the "failure" stage for AKI ......answer. ...... creatinine x3 normal, &
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GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
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Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. ......answer....... Decreased perfusion to
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kidneys.



-NSAIDs

-Severe dehydration l




-Renal artery stenosis l l




-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
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-Blood/ fluid loss l l




Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. ......answer. ...... Tissue damage to the
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actual kidneys. l




-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli l l l l l




-Sepsis

-Intrarenal bleeding l




-Pyelonephritis



I must protect myself from developing an infection ......answer. ....... The nurse
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has provided discharge instructions to a client who is newly diagnosed with
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nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following client statements indicates al l l l l l l l l




correct understanding of the teaching
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Had a AAA repair 2 days ago and has a creatinine that has increased from 0.9 to
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2.5mg/dl ......answer. ........ The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an
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assigned client; it is a priority for the nurse to follow up with the PCP if the client
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A rhythm strip reading that has tall, peaked T waves ......answer. ........ The nurse
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is caring for a client who has been hospitalized for 8 days with AKI caused by
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dehydration which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the
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PCP
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Obtain a prescription for gentamicin peak and trough levels
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......answer. ... The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving gentamicin IV l l l l l l l l l l l




for infection and has developed oliguria and increased blood pressure. Which
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of the following actions should the nurse take first
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Check the client's most recent serum electrolyte levels ......answer. ........ The
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nurse is caring for a client with CKD, the client is reporting muscle weakness
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diarrhea, and tingling in the hands. Which action should the nurse take first
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