AHA BLS Study Guide exam (Latest 2025)
|complete guide with questions and verified
answers|get it 100% correct
Chain of Survival: Adult - CORRECT ANSWERS Emergency Cardiovascular Care
1 - Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system
2 - Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions
3 - Rapid defibrillation
4 - Effective advanced life support
5 - Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
High-quality CPR - CORRECT ANSWERS Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of
cardiac arrest.
Push hard, push fast: rate of 100/min with a depth of at least 2 in (5cm) for adults, approximately 2 in
(5cm) for children, and approximately 1.5 in (4cm) for infants.
Allow complete chest recoil for each compression.
Minimize interruptions in compressions (limit to less than 10s).
Give effective breaths that make the chest rise.
Avoid excessive ventilation.
Chain of survival: Pediatric - CORRECT ANSWERS 1 - Prevention of arrest
2 - Early high-quality CPR
3 - Rapid activation of the EMS (or other emergency response) system
4 - Effective advanced life support (including rapid stabilization and transport to definitive care and
rehab)
5 - Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
, 2010 AHA Key Changes (sequence) - CORRECT ANSWERS Changes in BLS sequence from ABC
(airway, breathing, chest compressions) to CAB (chest compressions, airway, breathing) for adults,
children, and infants.
This is because chest compressions were often delayed while rescuer opened airway, deliver mouth-to-
mouth, retrieve barrier device, or gathered and assembled ventilation equipment.
CAB makes delivery of compressions sooner and the delay in giving breaths sooner - deliver first cycle of
30 compressions (approximately 18 seconds or less); for 2-rescuer infant or child CPR the delay will be
even shorter.
2010 AHA key Changes (Emphasis on High-Quality CPR) - CORRECT ANSWERS Compression rate
of at least 100/min (rather than "approximately")
Depth of at least 2 in (5cm) for adults and children, 1.5 in (5cm) for infants. No longer 1.5 - 2 in for adults
and absolute depth for children and infants is deeper than in previous guidelines.
Allowing complete chest recoil, minimizing interruptions in compressions, and avoiding excessive
ventilation continue to be important in high-quality CPR.
Increased focus on a team approach to CPR.
Example: one rescuer activates EMS, second begins compressions, third is either providing ventilation or
getting equip for it, fourth is getting the defibrillator and preparing to use it.
2010 AHA Key Changes (No Look, Listen, Feel) - CORRECT ANSWERS Step removed because
bystanders often failed to start CPR when they observed agonal gasping. Activate EMS and check for
response and breathing simultaneously. If adult is unresponsive and not breathing normally (only
gasping) and has no pulse, begin CPR. For infant and child, CPR is performed if the victim is unresponsive
and not breathing only gasping and has no pulse.
For all victims (except newborns) CPR begins with compressions and then opening airway and giving 2
breaths per cycle.
Additional Changes - CORRECT ANSWERS Use of cricoid pressure in cardiac arrest victims not
recommended - can prevent gastric inflation and reduce risk of regurgitation and aspiration, but may
also block ventilation. Can delay placement of advanced airway.
|complete guide with questions and verified
answers|get it 100% correct
Chain of Survival: Adult - CORRECT ANSWERS Emergency Cardiovascular Care
1 - Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system
2 - Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions
3 - Rapid defibrillation
4 - Effective advanced life support
5 - Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
High-quality CPR - CORRECT ANSWERS Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of
cardiac arrest.
Push hard, push fast: rate of 100/min with a depth of at least 2 in (5cm) for adults, approximately 2 in
(5cm) for children, and approximately 1.5 in (4cm) for infants.
Allow complete chest recoil for each compression.
Minimize interruptions in compressions (limit to less than 10s).
Give effective breaths that make the chest rise.
Avoid excessive ventilation.
Chain of survival: Pediatric - CORRECT ANSWERS 1 - Prevention of arrest
2 - Early high-quality CPR
3 - Rapid activation of the EMS (or other emergency response) system
4 - Effective advanced life support (including rapid stabilization and transport to definitive care and
rehab)
5 - Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
, 2010 AHA Key Changes (sequence) - CORRECT ANSWERS Changes in BLS sequence from ABC
(airway, breathing, chest compressions) to CAB (chest compressions, airway, breathing) for adults,
children, and infants.
This is because chest compressions were often delayed while rescuer opened airway, deliver mouth-to-
mouth, retrieve barrier device, or gathered and assembled ventilation equipment.
CAB makes delivery of compressions sooner and the delay in giving breaths sooner - deliver first cycle of
30 compressions (approximately 18 seconds or less); for 2-rescuer infant or child CPR the delay will be
even shorter.
2010 AHA key Changes (Emphasis on High-Quality CPR) - CORRECT ANSWERS Compression rate
of at least 100/min (rather than "approximately")
Depth of at least 2 in (5cm) for adults and children, 1.5 in (5cm) for infants. No longer 1.5 - 2 in for adults
and absolute depth for children and infants is deeper than in previous guidelines.
Allowing complete chest recoil, minimizing interruptions in compressions, and avoiding excessive
ventilation continue to be important in high-quality CPR.
Increased focus on a team approach to CPR.
Example: one rescuer activates EMS, second begins compressions, third is either providing ventilation or
getting equip for it, fourth is getting the defibrillator and preparing to use it.
2010 AHA Key Changes (No Look, Listen, Feel) - CORRECT ANSWERS Step removed because
bystanders often failed to start CPR when they observed agonal gasping. Activate EMS and check for
response and breathing simultaneously. If adult is unresponsive and not breathing normally (only
gasping) and has no pulse, begin CPR. For infant and child, CPR is performed if the victim is unresponsive
and not breathing only gasping and has no pulse.
For all victims (except newborns) CPR begins with compressions and then opening airway and giving 2
breaths per cycle.
Additional Changes - CORRECT ANSWERS Use of cricoid pressure in cardiac arrest victims not
recommended - can prevent gastric inflation and reduce risk of regurgitation and aspiration, but may
also block ventilation. Can delay placement of advanced airway.
