TCAR SSM Review Exam Questions
and Answers29
Where should pelvic splinting be applied? - ANSWERS -apply over the greater trochanter, not
the iliac crest
What femur fracture location is the most common? - ANSWERS -Mid-shaft/middle third "like a
long pencil"
What is the initial intervention for a mid-shaft fémur fracture? - ANSWERS -Traction splinting;
Goal is to reestablish a con-shaped thigh to limit the space available for hemorrhage. Traction
splints work by pushing on the pelvis and pulling on the ankle
What happens to the blood in & around a fracture site? - ANSWERS -Blood in the tissues
aggravates pain, limits function, contributes to scar tissue formation and is very slowly re-
absorbed
What are the definitive options for pelvic fracture stabilization and hemorrhage control? -
ANSWERS -External Fixation
Interventional Radiology
Open reduction & Internal fixation
How are closed mid-shaft femur fractures managed? - ANSWERS -Intramedullary nail fixation
What makes a fracture comminuted? - ANSWERS -The bone is in multiple pieces
Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? - ANSWERS -SBP<90
,Resp rate <10 or >29
GCS <14
What is Kinematics? - ANSWERS -The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis
of the forces involved
Dose of energy is? - ANSWERS -The nature and amount of force
Characteristic of wounding agent? - ANSWERS -Type of energy and how it was applied
Force - ANSWERS -The dose of energy involved
Which gender is the majority of trauma? - ANSWERS -Male
Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? - ANSWERS -Teens and young adult
Blunt trauma Classifications include? - ANSWERS -MVA
Auto vs. pedestrian
Falls
Struck by or against an object
Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? - ANSWERS -1 organ system failure=4%
2 organ system failures=32%
3 organ system failures=67%
4 organ system failures=90%
, What are the four collisions? - ANSWERS -1. The vehicle
2. The occupants
3. The internal organs
4. The secondary impacts
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - ANSWERS -Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the occupants are
restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - ANSWERS -Point of contact with the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? - ANSWERS -Falls
Factors predicting fall injuries are? - ANSWERS -Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - ANSWERS -Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and
characteristic of the missile (mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - ANSWERS -Speed increases by
approximately 20 MPH
and Answers29
Where should pelvic splinting be applied? - ANSWERS -apply over the greater trochanter, not
the iliac crest
What femur fracture location is the most common? - ANSWERS -Mid-shaft/middle third "like a
long pencil"
What is the initial intervention for a mid-shaft fémur fracture? - ANSWERS -Traction splinting;
Goal is to reestablish a con-shaped thigh to limit the space available for hemorrhage. Traction
splints work by pushing on the pelvis and pulling on the ankle
What happens to the blood in & around a fracture site? - ANSWERS -Blood in the tissues
aggravates pain, limits function, contributes to scar tissue formation and is very slowly re-
absorbed
What are the definitive options for pelvic fracture stabilization and hemorrhage control? -
ANSWERS -External Fixation
Interventional Radiology
Open reduction & Internal fixation
How are closed mid-shaft femur fractures managed? - ANSWERS -Intramedullary nail fixation
What makes a fracture comminuted? - ANSWERS -The bone is in multiple pieces
Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? - ANSWERS -SBP<90
,Resp rate <10 or >29
GCS <14
What is Kinematics? - ANSWERS -The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis
of the forces involved
Dose of energy is? - ANSWERS -The nature and amount of force
Characteristic of wounding agent? - ANSWERS -Type of energy and how it was applied
Force - ANSWERS -The dose of energy involved
Which gender is the majority of trauma? - ANSWERS -Male
Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? - ANSWERS -Teens and young adult
Blunt trauma Classifications include? - ANSWERS -MVA
Auto vs. pedestrian
Falls
Struck by or against an object
Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? - ANSWERS -1 organ system failure=4%
2 organ system failures=32%
3 organ system failures=67%
4 organ system failures=90%
, What are the four collisions? - ANSWERS -1. The vehicle
2. The occupants
3. The internal organs
4. The secondary impacts
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - ANSWERS -Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the occupants are
restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - ANSWERS -Point of contact with the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? - ANSWERS -Falls
Factors predicting fall injuries are? - ANSWERS -Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - ANSWERS -Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and
characteristic of the missile (mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - ANSWERS -Speed increases by
approximately 20 MPH
