KNH 184 exam 3 Questions And Answers,
executive - answer;-sends movement instructions to effector
effector - answer;-executes movement instructions
instructions sent in advance - answer;-open loop characteristic
instructions executed without interuption - answer;-open loop characteristic
no way to correct errors because of no feedback - answer;-open loop characteristic
best used in stable environments not useful in changing environments - answer;-open
loop characteristic
what are good candidates for motor programs - answer;-kicking and typing- things we
don't really have to think about
what are deafferation studies - answer;-removing feedback
what do afferent neurons do - answer;-send nerve signals from the periphery to the
spinal cord
what do efferent neurons do - answer;-send nerve signals from the spinal cord to the
peripherary
what is deafferation - answer;-severing afferent neurons
proprioceptive signals from muscles can or cannot reach the central nervous system -
answer;-cant
motor pathways are or are not affected - answer;-are not
true or false movements must be centrally planned and directed - answer;-true
some of the most compelling evidence for motor programs comes from - answer;-
looking at the effects of mechanically blocking a limb
inhibiting actions basic premice - answer;-if a movement cannot be stopped it might be
under the control of something like a motor program
example of an inhibiting action - answer;-checked swing in baseball
example of inhibiting action experiment - answer;-slater-hammel (1960) initiating a
motor program task is to lift a finger of a timer at exactly 800msec
, KNH 184 exam 3 Questions And Answers,
startle response - answer;-associated with faster rt, a protective response and loud
noises "supercharge" the motor program response
central pattern generator - answer;-initiating stimulus provides sets of a repeating
pattern of stimulation, effect is similar to a motor program but the origin is believed to be
genetically determined
if humans could not use an open loop system to produce movement how would we be
disadvantaged - answer;-slow, attention demanding
what characteristic of movement mostly determines whether a movement will be under
open loop or closed loop control - answer;-duration of movement
how fast does a movement have to be to be considered rapid - answer;-less than
200ms
why are movements that take less than 200ms to complete not primarily controlled by a
closed loop system - answer;-not enough time to use conscious feedback loops
is it possible that feedback can contribute to the control of rapid movements - answer;-
yes, examples- reflexes and dorsal vision
how are rapid movements thought to be coordinated - answer;-motor program
what is a motor program - answer;-prestructured set of movement commands that
defines and shapes the movement
in what component of the open loop system is the motor program created and or
executed - answer;-movement programming stage
once a motor program is ready for execution how are the details of the program
communicated to the muscles - answer;-as impulses sent via the spinal cord and
peripheral nerves
what are the major advantages of using a motor program to execute a movement -
answer;-the ability to control rapid movements and freed up attention
how did henry and rodgers experiment provide evidence for motor programs - answer;-
as the movement becomes more complex more time is spent processing the movement
programming stage
what is deafferation - answer;-demonstrated that sensory information from a limb is not
necessary for movement production
executive - answer;-sends movement instructions to effector
effector - answer;-executes movement instructions
instructions sent in advance - answer;-open loop characteristic
instructions executed without interuption - answer;-open loop characteristic
no way to correct errors because of no feedback - answer;-open loop characteristic
best used in stable environments not useful in changing environments - answer;-open
loop characteristic
what are good candidates for motor programs - answer;-kicking and typing- things we
don't really have to think about
what are deafferation studies - answer;-removing feedback
what do afferent neurons do - answer;-send nerve signals from the periphery to the
spinal cord
what do efferent neurons do - answer;-send nerve signals from the spinal cord to the
peripherary
what is deafferation - answer;-severing afferent neurons
proprioceptive signals from muscles can or cannot reach the central nervous system -
answer;-cant
motor pathways are or are not affected - answer;-are not
true or false movements must be centrally planned and directed - answer;-true
some of the most compelling evidence for motor programs comes from - answer;-
looking at the effects of mechanically blocking a limb
inhibiting actions basic premice - answer;-if a movement cannot be stopped it might be
under the control of something like a motor program
example of an inhibiting action - answer;-checked swing in baseball
example of inhibiting action experiment - answer;-slater-hammel (1960) initiating a
motor program task is to lift a finger of a timer at exactly 800msec
, KNH 184 exam 3 Questions And Answers,
startle response - answer;-associated with faster rt, a protective response and loud
noises "supercharge" the motor program response
central pattern generator - answer;-initiating stimulus provides sets of a repeating
pattern of stimulation, effect is similar to a motor program but the origin is believed to be
genetically determined
if humans could not use an open loop system to produce movement how would we be
disadvantaged - answer;-slow, attention demanding
what characteristic of movement mostly determines whether a movement will be under
open loop or closed loop control - answer;-duration of movement
how fast does a movement have to be to be considered rapid - answer;-less than
200ms
why are movements that take less than 200ms to complete not primarily controlled by a
closed loop system - answer;-not enough time to use conscious feedback loops
is it possible that feedback can contribute to the control of rapid movements - answer;-
yes, examples- reflexes and dorsal vision
how are rapid movements thought to be coordinated - answer;-motor program
what is a motor program - answer;-prestructured set of movement commands that
defines and shapes the movement
in what component of the open loop system is the motor program created and or
executed - answer;-movement programming stage
once a motor program is ready for execution how are the details of the program
communicated to the muscles - answer;-as impulses sent via the spinal cord and
peripheral nerves
what are the major advantages of using a motor program to execute a movement -
answer;-the ability to control rapid movements and freed up attention
how did henry and rodgers experiment provide evidence for motor programs - answer;-
as the movement becomes more complex more time is spent processing the movement
programming stage
what is deafferation - answer;-demonstrated that sensory information from a limb is not
necessary for movement production
