1|Page
Maryville University NURS615 Pharmacology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers with 100% Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
What are examples of inhaled Short-acting Beta Agonists?
(SABAs) - ANSWER Albuterol and levabuterol
What is the MOA of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER To relax
airway smooth muscle by increasing cyclic cAMP; dilation and
opening of airway
What is the use of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER Used in
bronchospasm associated with: asthma, bronchitis, and COPD
When are SABAs used (albuterol and levabuterol)? - ANSWER
For relief of ACUTE asthma attacks
Is albuterol approved in children under 4? - ANSWER Yes.
How do beta-2 agonists affect calcium? - ANSWER They open
large conductions in calcium activated potassium channels =
hyperpolarized airway smooth muscle cells
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1. decreased intracellular calcium
2. increased potassium concentration
3. decreased myocleynase activity = smooth muscle relaxation
and bronchodilation
What are examples of long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)? -
ANSWER salmetrol and formoterol
What are LABAs (salmeterol and formoterol) used for? -
ANSWER Used for PREVENTION or long term treatment of
asthma
NOT for acute attacks; not first line treatment
CANNOT be used alone
What population should LABAs NOT be prescribed in? -
ANSWER African Americans
What is special about the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene? -
ANSWER This gene causes LABAs to worsen asthma control
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Who is more likely to have the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene?
- ANSWER African Americans; this genotype is present in 1/6th
of the U.S. population
How does the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene cause worsening
asthma control when LABAs are taken? - ANSWER Asthmatics
with this gene are at risk for decreased airflow and worsening
asthma control
What are adverse effects of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER
Tachycardia and tremors
What is the absorption of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER
Very little systemic absorption
What are examples of anticholinergics/antimuscarinics in
maintenance therapy of COPD? - ANSWER ipatroprium
(Atrovent) and tiotroprium (Spiriva)
What is the MOA of anticholinergics (ipatroprium and
tiotroprium)? - ANSWER They block muscarinic receptors
decreasing the formation of cAMP
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CAUSES BRONCHODILATION BY:
1. decreasing smooth muscle contraction of lungs (mainly on
M3 receptors)
2. decreases mucous secretion
What are ipatroprium and tiotroprium used for? - ANSWER
Maintenance of COPD
What is tiotroprium (Spiriva)? - ANSWER LONG-ACTING
bronchodilator for COPD; better absorbed from lung than
ipatroprium (Atrovent)
What is ipotroprium (Atrovent)? - ANSWER SHORT-ACTING
bronchodilator for COPD
What bronchodilator is the best choice in patients taking
propranolol? - ANSWER Ipatroprium (Atrovent)
What are the adverse effects of ipatroprium and tiotroprium? -
ANSWER Anticholinergic -- can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't
shit
Maryville University NURS615 Pharmacology Exam 4 Questions
and Answers with 100% Complete Solutions UPDATED!!!
What are examples of inhaled Short-acting Beta Agonists?
(SABAs) - ANSWER Albuterol and levabuterol
What is the MOA of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER To relax
airway smooth muscle by increasing cyclic cAMP; dilation and
opening of airway
What is the use of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER Used in
bronchospasm associated with: asthma, bronchitis, and COPD
When are SABAs used (albuterol and levabuterol)? - ANSWER
For relief of ACUTE asthma attacks
Is albuterol approved in children under 4? - ANSWER Yes.
How do beta-2 agonists affect calcium? - ANSWER They open
large conductions in calcium activated potassium channels =
hyperpolarized airway smooth muscle cells
,2|Page
1. decreased intracellular calcium
2. increased potassium concentration
3. decreased myocleynase activity = smooth muscle relaxation
and bronchodilation
What are examples of long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)? -
ANSWER salmetrol and formoterol
What are LABAs (salmeterol and formoterol) used for? -
ANSWER Used for PREVENTION or long term treatment of
asthma
NOT for acute attacks; not first line treatment
CANNOT be used alone
What population should LABAs NOT be prescribed in? -
ANSWER African Americans
What is special about the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene? -
ANSWER This gene causes LABAs to worsen asthma control
,3|Page
Who is more likely to have the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene?
- ANSWER African Americans; this genotype is present in 1/6th
of the U.S. population
How does the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene cause worsening
asthma control when LABAs are taken? - ANSWER Asthmatics
with this gene are at risk for decreased airflow and worsening
asthma control
What are adverse effects of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER
Tachycardia and tremors
What is the absorption of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER
Very little systemic absorption
What are examples of anticholinergics/antimuscarinics in
maintenance therapy of COPD? - ANSWER ipatroprium
(Atrovent) and tiotroprium (Spiriva)
What is the MOA of anticholinergics (ipatroprium and
tiotroprium)? - ANSWER They block muscarinic receptors
decreasing the formation of cAMP
, 4|Page
CAUSES BRONCHODILATION BY:
1. decreasing smooth muscle contraction of lungs (mainly on
M3 receptors)
2. decreases mucous secretion
What are ipatroprium and tiotroprium used for? - ANSWER
Maintenance of COPD
What is tiotroprium (Spiriva)? - ANSWER LONG-ACTING
bronchodilator for COPD; better absorbed from lung than
ipatroprium (Atrovent)
What is ipotroprium (Atrovent)? - ANSWER SHORT-ACTING
bronchodilator for COPD
What bronchodilator is the best choice in patients taking
propranolol? - ANSWER Ipatroprium (Atrovent)
What are the adverse effects of ipatroprium and tiotroprium? -
ANSWER Anticholinergic -- can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't
shit
