NU641 REGIS ADV CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY
DERMATOLOGY MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Patients that are at highest risk for abruptly stopping a beta blocker are those
with -- ANSWER--Angina, Coronary Artery Disease, & Migraines
The medication that helps the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply
and myocardial oxygen demand in the myocardium by increasing the
myocardial oxygen supply -- ANSWER--Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
Roles of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in DM patients --
ANSWER--improves insulin sensitivity improves renal hemodynamics reduce
production of angiotensin II
The pathological change that takes place in HF that is not addressed by ACE
inhibitors -- ANSWER--Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that
increases heart rate and preload
Page 1 of 24
,Reason why nitro glycerin tablets "do not work well" in patient with
hyperlipidemia and angina age -- ANSWER--blunted coronary artery dilation
due to calcified plaque
Clinical judgement in prescribing includes -- ANSWER--factoring in the cost to
the patient of the medication prescribed
Prior to prescribing an ACE inhibitor the NP should access for -- ANSWER-
decreased renal function
First-line pharmacologic therapy for hyperlipidemia -- ANSWER--statins
When is consultation with or referral to a cardiologist appropriate? --
ANSWER--Any end-organ damage, direct effects on lifestyle, or inability to
perform the tasks of daily living
If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class
should be added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most
other agents? -- ANSWER--Diuretics
A 65-year-old patient who has been on a lipid-lowering diet and is using plant
sterol margarine daily for the past three months. Her LDL is 135mg/dL. What
would an appropriate treatment for them be? -- ANSWER--Determine their
other risk factors
Page 2 of 24
, Calcium Channel Blocker's helps control blood pressure because it --
ANSWER--promote smooth muscle dilation by stopping intracellular entry of
calcium into the cell, which increases contractility, which increase the activity
of the NA+/K+/ATPase pump indirectly
Patient education regarding prescribed medications includes -- ANSWER-
discussion of expected adverse drug reactions
Patient education when prescribing clopidogrel includes which of the following
statements? -- ANSWER--Do not take any herbal products without first
discussing this with the provider
When starting a patient on a statin, what would education include? --
ANSWER--If they stop the medication, their lipid levels will return to
pretreatment levels; medication is a supplement to diet therapy and exercise;
and if they have muscle aches or pain, they should contract their provider
When treating a patient for hypertension with a non-selective beta blocker, what
other organ may be unintentionally affected? -- ANSWER--Lung
When writing a prescription for warfarin it is common to write this on the
prescription -- ANSWER--The brand name of warfarin and "do not substitute"
Which formulation of nitrate may be most cost effective for the patient who
rarely has the need for dosing? -- ANSWER--Sublingual tablets
Page 3 of 24
PHARMACOLOGY
DERMATOLOGY MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Patients that are at highest risk for abruptly stopping a beta blocker are those
with -- ANSWER--Angina, Coronary Artery Disease, & Migraines
The medication that helps the imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply
and myocardial oxygen demand in the myocardium by increasing the
myocardial oxygen supply -- ANSWER--Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
Roles of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in DM patients --
ANSWER--improves insulin sensitivity improves renal hemodynamics reduce
production of angiotensin II
The pathological change that takes place in HF that is not addressed by ACE
inhibitors -- ANSWER--Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that
increases heart rate and preload
Page 1 of 24
,Reason why nitro glycerin tablets "do not work well" in patient with
hyperlipidemia and angina age -- ANSWER--blunted coronary artery dilation
due to calcified plaque
Clinical judgement in prescribing includes -- ANSWER--factoring in the cost to
the patient of the medication prescribed
Prior to prescribing an ACE inhibitor the NP should access for -- ANSWER-
decreased renal function
First-line pharmacologic therapy for hyperlipidemia -- ANSWER--statins
When is consultation with or referral to a cardiologist appropriate? --
ANSWER--Any end-organ damage, direct effects on lifestyle, or inability to
perform the tasks of daily living
If not chosen as the first drug in hypertension treatment, which drug class
should be added as a second step because it will enhance the effects of most
other agents? -- ANSWER--Diuretics
A 65-year-old patient who has been on a lipid-lowering diet and is using plant
sterol margarine daily for the past three months. Her LDL is 135mg/dL. What
would an appropriate treatment for them be? -- ANSWER--Determine their
other risk factors
Page 2 of 24
, Calcium Channel Blocker's helps control blood pressure because it --
ANSWER--promote smooth muscle dilation by stopping intracellular entry of
calcium into the cell, which increases contractility, which increase the activity
of the NA+/K+/ATPase pump indirectly
Patient education regarding prescribed medications includes -- ANSWER-
discussion of expected adverse drug reactions
Patient education when prescribing clopidogrel includes which of the following
statements? -- ANSWER--Do not take any herbal products without first
discussing this with the provider
When starting a patient on a statin, what would education include? --
ANSWER--If they stop the medication, their lipid levels will return to
pretreatment levels; medication is a supplement to diet therapy and exercise;
and if they have muscle aches or pain, they should contract their provider
When treating a patient for hypertension with a non-selective beta blocker, what
other organ may be unintentionally affected? -- ANSWER--Lung
When writing a prescription for warfarin it is common to write this on the
prescription -- ANSWER--The brand name of warfarin and "do not substitute"
Which formulation of nitrate may be most cost effective for the patient who
rarely has the need for dosing? -- ANSWER--Sublingual tablets
Page 3 of 24
