,Test Bank – Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 7th Edition by Nelson & Cox Complete Chapters 1–
with Rationales (Latest Update)
Unit I: The Foundations of Biochemistry
1. The Foundations of Biochemistry
2. Water: The Medium of Life
3. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
4. The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins
5. Protein Function
6. Enzymes
7. Carbohydrates and Glycobiology
8. Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
9. DNA-Based Information Technologies
Unit II: Bioenergetics and Metabolism
1. Lipids
2. Biological Membranes and Transport
3. Biosignaling
4. Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types
5. Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway
6. Principles of Metabolic Regulation
7. The Citric Acid Cycle
8. Fatty Acid Catabolism
9. Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea
10. Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation
Unit III: Biosynthesis of Macromolecules
1. Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria
2. Lipid Biosynthesis
3. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules
4. DNA Metabolism
5. RNA Metabolism
6. Protein Metabolism
Unit IV: Integration and Special Topics
1. The Integration of Metabolism
2. Biochemistry of Hormones and Signal Transduction
3. Biochemistry of the Immune System
Page 1
,2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the
development of:
A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability.
C) plasma membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus.
3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
A) cell membrane.
B) nuclear envelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of
biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of
solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and
diameters in the range of:
A) 0.1 m to 10 m.
B) 0.3 m to 30 m.
C) 0.3 m to 100 m.
D) 1 m to 100 m.
E) 1 m to 300 m.
5. Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in
extreme environments?
A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) eukaryotes
D) heterotrophs
E) None of the answers is correct.
Page 2
, 6. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energyóit is
therefore a:
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.
7. Which is a list of organelles?
A) mitochondria, chromatin, endoplasmic reticulum
B) peroxisomes, lysosomes, plasma membrane
C) proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes
D) mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes
E) All of the answers are correct.
8. Which list has the cellular components arranged in order of INCREASING size?
A) amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
B) amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
C) amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
D) protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
E) protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid
9. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained primarily
through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is NOT considered a
noncovalent interaction?
A) carbon-carbon bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) hydrophobic interactions
D) ionic interactions
E) van der Waals interactions
10. Which element is NOT among the four most abundant in living organisms?
A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorus
Page 3
with Rationales (Latest Update)
Unit I: The Foundations of Biochemistry
1. The Foundations of Biochemistry
2. Water: The Medium of Life
3. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
4. The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins
5. Protein Function
6. Enzymes
7. Carbohydrates and Glycobiology
8. Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
9. DNA-Based Information Technologies
Unit II: Bioenergetics and Metabolism
1. Lipids
2. Biological Membranes and Transport
3. Biosignaling
4. Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types
5. Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway
6. Principles of Metabolic Regulation
7. The Citric Acid Cycle
8. Fatty Acid Catabolism
9. Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea
10. Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation
Unit III: Biosynthesis of Macromolecules
1. Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria
2. Lipid Biosynthesis
3. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules
4. DNA Metabolism
5. RNA Metabolism
6. Protein Metabolism
Unit IV: Integration and Special Topics
1. The Integration of Metabolism
2. Biochemistry of Hormones and Signal Transduction
3. Biochemistry of the Immune System
Page 1
,2. A major change occurring in the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes was the
development of:
A) DNA.
B) photosynthetic capability.
C) plasma membranes.
D) ribosomes.
E) the nucleus.
3. In eukaryotes, the nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane called the:
A) cell membrane.
B) nuclear envelope.
C) nucleolus.
D) nucleoplasm.
E) nucleosome.
4. The dimensions of living cells are limited, on the lower end by the minimum number of
biomolecules necessary for function, and on the upper end by the rate of diffusion of
solutes such as oxygen. Except for highly elongated cells, they usually have lengths and
diameters in the range of:
A) 0.1 m to 10 m.
B) 0.3 m to 30 m.
C) 0.3 m to 100 m.
D) 1 m to 100 m.
E) 1 m to 300 m.
5. Which group of single-celled microorganisms has many members found growing in
extreme environments?
A) bacteria
B) archaea
C) eukaryotes
D) heterotrophs
E) None of the answers is correct.
Page 2
, 6. The bacterium E. coli requires simple organic molecules for growth and energyóit is
therefore a:
A) chemoautotroph.
B) chemoheterotroph.
C) lithotroph.
D) photoautotroph.
E) photoheterotroph.
7. Which is a list of organelles?
A) mitochondria, chromatin, endoplasmic reticulum
B) peroxisomes, lysosomes, plasma membrane
C) proteasomes, peroxisomes, lysosomes
D) mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes
E) All of the answers are correct.
8. Which list has the cellular components arranged in order of INCREASING size?
A) amino acid < protein < mitochondrion < ribosome
B) amino acid < protein < ribosome < mitochondrion
C) amino acid < ribosome < protein < mitochondrion
D) protein < amino acid < mitochondrion < ribosome
E) protein < ribosome < mitochondrion < amino acid
9. The three-dimensional structure of macromolecules is formed and maintained primarily
through noncovalent interactions. Which one of the following is NOT considered a
noncovalent interaction?
A) carbon-carbon bonds
B) hydrogen bonds
C) hydrophobic interactions
D) ionic interactions
E) van der Waals interactions
10. Which element is NOT among the four most abundant in living organisms?
A) carbon
B) hydrogen
C) nitrogen
D) oxygen
E) phosphorus
Page 3
