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Assessment and Management of Patients with Dermatologic disorders EXAM 2025
PRACTICE GRADED A+ QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026 VERIFIED
What would be considered a normal finding in the skin assessment of an older
adult?
A. Elastic Skin
B. Uneven Pigmentation
C. Cherry Angioamas
D. Petechiae
B. Uneven Pigmentation
Vitiligo
a localized or widespread condition characterized by destruction of the melanocytes
in circumscribed areas of the skin, resulting in white patches
Hypopigmentation
decrease in the melanin of the skin, resulting in a loss of pigmentation
Hyperpigmentation
increase in the melanin of the skin, resulting in an increase in pigmentation
Cyanosis
bluish coloring of the skin, very later indicator of hypoxia
Erythema
redness of the skin caused by dilation of the capillaries due to injury, irritation,
inflammation, or various skin conditions
Jaundice
a yellowing of the skin, directly related to elevations in serum bilirubin and is often
first observed in the sclerae and mucous membrane
Pruritus
can occur with or without a rash
Albinism
total absence of pigment melanin
Beau lines
a transverse depression in nails may reflect decrease growth of nail matrix because
of severe illness or more commonly, local trauma
Ridging, hypertrophy
vertical or horizontal lines on the nails, often causing by aging, nutritional
deficiencies or minor trauma
Pitted surface
definite indication of psoriasis
Spooning
indicate severe iron deficiency anemia
Clubbing
change in normal nail bed, appears as sponginess of the nail bed and loss of the nail
bed angle. Lung disease and possible congenital heart disease
Primary skin lesions
initial lesions and are characteristic of the disease itself
Secondary lesions
result from changes in primary lesions resulting from external causes such as
scratching, trauma, infections, or changes caused by wound healing
Types of primary lesions
macule, patch, papule, plaque, nodule, tumor, vesicle, bulla, wheal, pustule, and cyst
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Macule, Patch
flat, nonpalpable skin color change (color may be brown, white, tan, purple, red)
Papule, Plaque
elevtaed palpable, solid mass with a circumscribed border
Nodule, Tumor
elevated palpable, solid mass that extends deeper into the dermis than a papule
Vesicle, Bulla
circumscribed, elevated, palpable mass containing serous fluid
Wheal
elevated mass with transient borders; often irregular; size and color vary, caused by
movement of serous fluid into the dermis; doesn't contain free fluid in a cavity
Pustule
pus-filled vesicle or bulla
Cyst
encapsulated fluid-filled or semisolid mass in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis
Types of secondary lesions
erosion, ulcer, fissue, scales, crust, scar (cicatrix) keloid, atrophy, lichenification
Erosion
loss of superficial epidermis that does not extend to dermis; depressed moist area
Ulcer
skin loss extending past epidermisl necrotic tissue loss; bleeding and scarring
possible
Fissure
linear crack in the skin that may exten to dermis
Scales
flakes secondary to desquamated, dead epithelium that may adhere to skin surface;
color varies (slivery,white); texture varies (thick, fine)
Crust
dried residue of serum, blood, or pus on skin surface
Scar
skin mark left after healing of a wound or lesion; represents replacement by
connective tissue of the injured tissue, young: red or purple, Matured: white or
glistening
Keloid
hypertrophied scar tissue secondary to excessive collagen formation during healing;
elevated, irregular, red, greater incidence among african americans
Atrophy
thin, dry, transparent appearance of epidermis; loss of surface markings; secondary
to loss of collagen and elastin; underlying vessels may be visible
Lichenification
thickening and roughening of the skin or accentuated skin markings that may be
secondary to repeated, rubbing, irritation, scratching
What is the most common symptom of dermatologic disorders
pruritis
Pruritis is a first indication of what internal diseases
diabetes, blood disorder, cancer
What are the causes for pruritis
medications (aspirin, antibiotics, hormones, and opioids), soaps and chemicals,
radiation therapy, prickly heat, and psychological factors (psychogenic)
What can be done to help care for a patient with pruritis
Assessment and Management of Patients with Dermatologic disorders EXAM 2025
PRACTICE GRADED A+ QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025-2026 VERIFIED
What would be considered a normal finding in the skin assessment of an older
adult?
A. Elastic Skin
B. Uneven Pigmentation
C. Cherry Angioamas
D. Petechiae
B. Uneven Pigmentation
Vitiligo
a localized or widespread condition characterized by destruction of the melanocytes
in circumscribed areas of the skin, resulting in white patches
Hypopigmentation
decrease in the melanin of the skin, resulting in a loss of pigmentation
Hyperpigmentation
increase in the melanin of the skin, resulting in an increase in pigmentation
Cyanosis
bluish coloring of the skin, very later indicator of hypoxia
Erythema
redness of the skin caused by dilation of the capillaries due to injury, irritation,
inflammation, or various skin conditions
Jaundice
a yellowing of the skin, directly related to elevations in serum bilirubin and is often
first observed in the sclerae and mucous membrane
Pruritus
can occur with or without a rash
Albinism
total absence of pigment melanin
Beau lines
a transverse depression in nails may reflect decrease growth of nail matrix because
of severe illness or more commonly, local trauma
Ridging, hypertrophy
vertical or horizontal lines on the nails, often causing by aging, nutritional
deficiencies or minor trauma
Pitted surface
definite indication of psoriasis
Spooning
indicate severe iron deficiency anemia
Clubbing
change in normal nail bed, appears as sponginess of the nail bed and loss of the nail
bed angle. Lung disease and possible congenital heart disease
Primary skin lesions
initial lesions and are characteristic of the disease itself
Secondary lesions
result from changes in primary lesions resulting from external causes such as
scratching, trauma, infections, or changes caused by wound healing
Types of primary lesions
macule, patch, papule, plaque, nodule, tumor, vesicle, bulla, wheal, pustule, and cyst
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Macule, Patch
flat, nonpalpable skin color change (color may be brown, white, tan, purple, red)
Papule, Plaque
elevtaed palpable, solid mass with a circumscribed border
Nodule, Tumor
elevated palpable, solid mass that extends deeper into the dermis than a papule
Vesicle, Bulla
circumscribed, elevated, palpable mass containing serous fluid
Wheal
elevated mass with transient borders; often irregular; size and color vary, caused by
movement of serous fluid into the dermis; doesn't contain free fluid in a cavity
Pustule
pus-filled vesicle or bulla
Cyst
encapsulated fluid-filled or semisolid mass in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis
Types of secondary lesions
erosion, ulcer, fissue, scales, crust, scar (cicatrix) keloid, atrophy, lichenification
Erosion
loss of superficial epidermis that does not extend to dermis; depressed moist area
Ulcer
skin loss extending past epidermisl necrotic tissue loss; bleeding and scarring
possible
Fissure
linear crack in the skin that may exten to dermis
Scales
flakes secondary to desquamated, dead epithelium that may adhere to skin surface;
color varies (slivery,white); texture varies (thick, fine)
Crust
dried residue of serum, blood, or pus on skin surface
Scar
skin mark left after healing of a wound or lesion; represents replacement by
connective tissue of the injured tissue, young: red or purple, Matured: white or
glistening
Keloid
hypertrophied scar tissue secondary to excessive collagen formation during healing;
elevated, irregular, red, greater incidence among african americans
Atrophy
thin, dry, transparent appearance of epidermis; loss of surface markings; secondary
to loss of collagen and elastin; underlying vessels may be visible
Lichenification
thickening and roughening of the skin or accentuated skin markings that may be
secondary to repeated, rubbing, irritation, scratching
What is the most common symptom of dermatologic disorders
pruritis
Pruritis is a first indication of what internal diseases
diabetes, blood disorder, cancer
What are the causes for pruritis
medications (aspirin, antibiotics, hormones, and opioids), soaps and chemicals,
radiation therapy, prickly heat, and psychological factors (psychogenic)
What can be done to help care for a patient with pruritis
