N22 TEST 3 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH
100% SOLVED SOLUTIONS!!
, 1 of 154
Term
A patient with cardiovascular disease is being treated with
amlodipine (Norvasc), a calcium channel blocking agent. The
therapeutic effects of calcium channel blockers include which of the
following?
A) Reducing the heart's workload by decreasing heart rate
and myocardial contraction
B) Preventing platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombosis
C) Reducing myocardial oxygen consumption by blocking
adrenergic stimulation to the heart
D) Increasing the efficiency of myocardial oxygen consumption, thus
decreasing ischemia and relieving pain
Give this one a try later!
Ans: B
Feedback:
Orthostatic hypotension creates a significant risk for falls due to the dizziness
and lightheadedness that accompanies it. It does not normally affect breathing
or fluid balance. The patient's ability to perform normal roles may be affected,
but the risk for falls is the most significant threat to safety.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Prevention of oxygen toxicity is achieved by using oxygen only as
prescribed. Often, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or CPAP is used with
oxygen therapy to reverse or prevent microatelectasis, thus allowing a lower
percentage of oxygen to be used. Oxygen is moistened by passing through a
humidification system. Changing the tubing on the oxygen therapy equipment is
the best technique for controlling bacterial growth.
, Ans: A
Feedback:
This exchange of ions creates a positively charged intracellular space and a
negatively charged extracellular space that characterizes the period known
as depolarization. Once depolarization is complete, the exchange of ions reverts
to its resting state; this period is known as repolarization. The repeated cycle of
depolarization and repolarization is called the cardiac action potential.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Calcium channel blocking agents decrease sinoatrial node automaticity
and atrioventricular node conduction, resulting in a slower heart rate and a
decrease in the strength of the heart muscle contraction. These effects
decrease the workload of the heart. Antiplatelet and anticoagulation
medications are administered to prevent platelet aggregation and
subsequent thrombosis, which impedes blood flow. Beta-blockers
reduce myocardial consumption by blocking beta-adrenergic
sympathetic stimulation to the heart. The result is reduced myocardial
contractility (force of contraction) to balance the myocardium oxygen
needs and supply.
Nitrates reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, which decreases
ischemia and relieves pain by dilating the veins and, in higher doses, the
arteries.
Don't know?
2 of 154
Term
A patient with a complex cardiac history is scheduled for
transthoracic echocardiography. What should the nurse teach the
patient in anticipation of this diagnostic procedure?
A) The test is noninvasive, and nothing will be inserted into
the patient's body.
B)The patient's pain will be managed aggressively during the
procedure.
C) The test will provide a detailed profile of the heart's electrical
, activity.
D)The patient will remain on bed rest for 1 to 2 hours after the test.
Give this one a try later!
Ans: A
Feedback:
Before transthoracic echocardiography, the nurse informs the patient about
the test, explaining that it is painless. The test does not evaluate
electrophysiology and bed rest is unnecessary after the procedure.
Ans: A
Feedback:
As it becomes obvious that the patient is unlikely to survive, the family must be
informed about the prognosis and likely outcome. Opportunities should be
provided, throughout the patient's care, for the family to see, touch, and talk to
the patient. The onus should not be placed on the family to guide care, however.
Interventions are not normally reduced gradually when they are deemed
ineffective; instead, they are discontinued when they appear futile. The patient
would not be transferred to a subacute unit.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An IV is necessary if contrast is to be used to enhance the images of the CT.
The patient does not need to fast or limit his or her activity. Incentive
spirometry is not relevant to this diagnostic test.
Ans: C
Feedback:
Clearance of pulmonary secretions is accomplished by frequent repositioning of
the patient, suctioning, and chest physical therapy, as well as educating and
encouraging the patient to breathe deeply and cough. Medications are not
normally used to achieve this goal. Rehabilitation is important, but will not
necessarily aid the mobilization of respiratory secretions.
100% SOLVED SOLUTIONS!!
, 1 of 154
Term
A patient with cardiovascular disease is being treated with
amlodipine (Norvasc), a calcium channel blocking agent. The
therapeutic effects of calcium channel blockers include which of the
following?
A) Reducing the heart's workload by decreasing heart rate
and myocardial contraction
B) Preventing platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombosis
C) Reducing myocardial oxygen consumption by blocking
adrenergic stimulation to the heart
D) Increasing the efficiency of myocardial oxygen consumption, thus
decreasing ischemia and relieving pain
Give this one a try later!
Ans: B
Feedback:
Orthostatic hypotension creates a significant risk for falls due to the dizziness
and lightheadedness that accompanies it. It does not normally affect breathing
or fluid balance. The patient's ability to perform normal roles may be affected,
but the risk for falls is the most significant threat to safety.
Ans: B
Feedback:
Prevention of oxygen toxicity is achieved by using oxygen only as
prescribed. Often, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or CPAP is used with
oxygen therapy to reverse or prevent microatelectasis, thus allowing a lower
percentage of oxygen to be used. Oxygen is moistened by passing through a
humidification system. Changing the tubing on the oxygen therapy equipment is
the best technique for controlling bacterial growth.
, Ans: A
Feedback:
This exchange of ions creates a positively charged intracellular space and a
negatively charged extracellular space that characterizes the period known
as depolarization. Once depolarization is complete, the exchange of ions reverts
to its resting state; this period is known as repolarization. The repeated cycle of
depolarization and repolarization is called the cardiac action potential.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Calcium channel blocking agents decrease sinoatrial node automaticity
and atrioventricular node conduction, resulting in a slower heart rate and a
decrease in the strength of the heart muscle contraction. These effects
decrease the workload of the heart. Antiplatelet and anticoagulation
medications are administered to prevent platelet aggregation and
subsequent thrombosis, which impedes blood flow. Beta-blockers
reduce myocardial consumption by blocking beta-adrenergic
sympathetic stimulation to the heart. The result is reduced myocardial
contractility (force of contraction) to balance the myocardium oxygen
needs and supply.
Nitrates reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, which decreases
ischemia and relieves pain by dilating the veins and, in higher doses, the
arteries.
Don't know?
2 of 154
Term
A patient with a complex cardiac history is scheduled for
transthoracic echocardiography. What should the nurse teach the
patient in anticipation of this diagnostic procedure?
A) The test is noninvasive, and nothing will be inserted into
the patient's body.
B)The patient's pain will be managed aggressively during the
procedure.
C) The test will provide a detailed profile of the heart's electrical
, activity.
D)The patient will remain on bed rest for 1 to 2 hours after the test.
Give this one a try later!
Ans: A
Feedback:
Before transthoracic echocardiography, the nurse informs the patient about
the test, explaining that it is painless. The test does not evaluate
electrophysiology and bed rest is unnecessary after the procedure.
Ans: A
Feedback:
As it becomes obvious that the patient is unlikely to survive, the family must be
informed about the prognosis and likely outcome. Opportunities should be
provided, throughout the patient's care, for the family to see, touch, and talk to
the patient. The onus should not be placed on the family to guide care, however.
Interventions are not normally reduced gradually when they are deemed
ineffective; instead, they are discontinued when they appear futile. The patient
would not be transferred to a subacute unit.
Ans: B
Feedback:
An IV is necessary if contrast is to be used to enhance the images of the CT.
The patient does not need to fast or limit his or her activity. Incentive
spirometry is not relevant to this diagnostic test.
Ans: C
Feedback:
Clearance of pulmonary secretions is accomplished by frequent repositioning of
the patient, suctioning, and chest physical therapy, as well as educating and
encouraging the patient to breathe deeply and cough. Medications are not
normally used to achieve this goal. Rehabilitation is important, but will not
necessarily aid the mobilization of respiratory secretions.
