NR 324 Exam 1 || ANSWERED 2025/26
Causes of respiratory acidosis - Correct Answer Hypoventilation, bradypnea, low RR
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - Correct Answer Hyperventilation, tachypnea, high RR
Causes of metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer Diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - Correct Answer Nausea, vomiting
Isotonic Solutions - Correct Answer 1/2 NS
Hyperkalemia - Correct Answer > 5.0 THINK CARDIAC
Cause: Renal compromised, PTH abnormalities
S/S: Arrythmias, palpations, parasthesias (numbness & tingling)
Interventions: EKG, widening QRS, do not feed potassium
Hypokalemia - Correct Answer < 3.5 CARDIAC
Cause: Low excretion by kidneys
S/S: Parasthesias, arrythmias
Interventions: EKG
Hypernatremia - Correct Answer > 145 NEURO
Treat the underlying cause
S/S: Skin flushed, agitation, low grade fever, THIRST
Interventions: Check neuro status, low sodium diet
, Hyponatremia - Correct Answer < 135 NEURO
S/S: Lethargy, CONFUSION, irritability, HA, seizure, coma
NEVER GIVE A CARDIAC PT SODIUM NO MATTER WHAT
Hypercalcemia - Correct Answer > 10.2 BONES, CARDIAC, NERVE IMPULSES, BLOOD CLOTTING
S/S: Depressed reflexes
Interventions: Increase fluids, loop diuretics,
Hypocalcemia - Correct Answer < 8.6 BONES, CARDIAC
S/S: Hyperactive reflexes, Chvostek's & Trousseau's
Interventions: Check reflexes, replace Ca
Hypermagnesia - Correct Answer > 2.5
S/S: Lethargy, N/V, drowsiness, depression
Hypomagnesia - Correct Answer < 1.5
S/S: Tremors, confusion, hyperactive DTR, irritability
Fluid volume deficit - Correct Answer Check pt - can lead to decrease in cerebral perfusion
Monitor NEURO.
Replace fluid volume
Monitor respiratory
Monitor skin integrity
Causes of respiratory acidosis - Correct Answer Hypoventilation, bradypnea, low RR
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - Correct Answer Hyperventilation, tachypnea, high RR
Causes of metabolic acidosis - Correct Answer Diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - Correct Answer Nausea, vomiting
Isotonic Solutions - Correct Answer 1/2 NS
Hyperkalemia - Correct Answer > 5.0 THINK CARDIAC
Cause: Renal compromised, PTH abnormalities
S/S: Arrythmias, palpations, parasthesias (numbness & tingling)
Interventions: EKG, widening QRS, do not feed potassium
Hypokalemia - Correct Answer < 3.5 CARDIAC
Cause: Low excretion by kidneys
S/S: Parasthesias, arrythmias
Interventions: EKG
Hypernatremia - Correct Answer > 145 NEURO
Treat the underlying cause
S/S: Skin flushed, agitation, low grade fever, THIRST
Interventions: Check neuro status, low sodium diet
, Hyponatremia - Correct Answer < 135 NEURO
S/S: Lethargy, CONFUSION, irritability, HA, seizure, coma
NEVER GIVE A CARDIAC PT SODIUM NO MATTER WHAT
Hypercalcemia - Correct Answer > 10.2 BONES, CARDIAC, NERVE IMPULSES, BLOOD CLOTTING
S/S: Depressed reflexes
Interventions: Increase fluids, loop diuretics,
Hypocalcemia - Correct Answer < 8.6 BONES, CARDIAC
S/S: Hyperactive reflexes, Chvostek's & Trousseau's
Interventions: Check reflexes, replace Ca
Hypermagnesia - Correct Answer > 2.5
S/S: Lethargy, N/V, drowsiness, depression
Hypomagnesia - Correct Answer < 1.5
S/S: Tremors, confusion, hyperactive DTR, irritability
Fluid volume deficit - Correct Answer Check pt - can lead to decrease in cerebral perfusion
Monitor NEURO.
Replace fluid volume
Monitor respiratory
Monitor skin integrity
