AP GOVERNMENT REVIEW SET
2025/2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% PASS
10th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Powers not expressly given to federal
government by the Constitution are reserved to states or the people. Also
known as "reserved powers amendment" or "states' rights amendment"
13th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Abolished slavery. First of three
"Reconstruction Amendments" passed after Civil War (1865-70)
14th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) All persons born in the U.S. are
citizens; (2) no person can be deprived of life, liberty or property without
DUE PROCESS OF LAW; (3) no state can deprive a person of EQUAL
PROTECTION of the laws. Second of three "Reconstruction Amendments"
passed after Civil War.
,15th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny any person the right
to vote because of race. Third of three "Reconstruction Amendments"
passed after Civil War. First Voting Rights Amendment (with 19, 24 & 26)
16th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Power of Congress to tax income
17th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Established the direct election of
senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)
19th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny the right to vote
based on gender
1st Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Freedom of religion (establishment & free
exercise clauses), speech, press, assembly, and petition.
22nd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Limits the president to two terms.
23rd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gives Washington DC electoral college
votes as if it were a state (DC still has no representation in Congress)
24th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Abolishes poll taxes
26th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny the right to vote
based on age (18+)
,2nd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to arm bears. Supported by
National Rifle Association interest group & Republican Party.
4th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔No "unreasonable" searches and
seizures. Exclusionary rule (Weeks v. US, Mapp v. Ohio)
5th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) No Self-Incrimination (Miranda)
(2) No Double Jeopardy (defendant cannot be tried again on the same, or
similar charges)
(3) No deprivation of life liberty or property without "due process of law"
(fair treatment)
6th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The right to counsel in criminal trials.
Gideon v. Wainwright held that states must provide indigent defendants
with a free lawyer ("public defender"). Right to jury in criminal trials.
7th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to jury in civil trials.
8th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Government cannot inflict cruel and
unusual punishment. Meaning of "cruel" based on "evolving standards of
decency that mark the progress of a maturing society." Categorical bans on
death penalty: juveniles, retarded, non-murder crimes...
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 9th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Unenumerated Rights Amendment.
Citizens have unenumerated rights in addition to those stated in the
Constitution. Not been developed by Supreme Court (too open ended)
Constitution - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A nation's basic law, creates political
institutions, assigns or divides power in government and often provides
certain guarantees to citizens. Can be written or unwritten.
Agents of Socialization - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Family (most important); TV/media
(growing in importance); friends/peers; school (formal socialization). How
we develop (absorb) opinions & beliefs.
American Political Culture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A set of basic, foundational
values and beliefs about government that is shared by most citizens. Key
elements: democracy, equality before the law, limited government,
capitalism & private property
Anti-Federalists - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A group who opposed the ratification of
the Constitution in 1787. They opposed a strong central government
(tyranny) and supported states' rights. "I smell a rat!"
Articles of Confederation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Set up the 1st independent
American government (1783-88). Nonbinding "league of friendship" among
2025/2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% PASS
10th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Powers not expressly given to federal
government by the Constitution are reserved to states or the people. Also
known as "reserved powers amendment" or "states' rights amendment"
13th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Abolished slavery. First of three
"Reconstruction Amendments" passed after Civil War (1865-70)
14th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) All persons born in the U.S. are
citizens; (2) no person can be deprived of life, liberty or property without
DUE PROCESS OF LAW; (3) no state can deprive a person of EQUAL
PROTECTION of the laws. Second of three "Reconstruction Amendments"
passed after Civil War.
,15th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny any person the right
to vote because of race. Third of three "Reconstruction Amendments"
passed after Civil War. First Voting Rights Amendment (with 19, 24 & 26)
16th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Power of Congress to tax income
17th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Established the direct election of
senators (instead of being chosen by state legislatures)
19th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny the right to vote
based on gender
1st Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Freedom of religion (establishment & free
exercise clauses), speech, press, assembly, and petition.
22nd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Limits the president to two terms.
23rd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Gives Washington DC electoral college
votes as if it were a state (DC still has no representation in Congress)
24th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Abolishes poll taxes
26th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔States cannot deny the right to vote
based on age (18+)
,2nd Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to arm bears. Supported by
National Rifle Association interest group & Republican Party.
4th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔No "unreasonable" searches and
seizures. Exclusionary rule (Weeks v. US, Mapp v. Ohio)
5th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔(1) No Self-Incrimination (Miranda)
(2) No Double Jeopardy (defendant cannot be tried again on the same, or
similar charges)
(3) No deprivation of life liberty or property without "due process of law"
(fair treatment)
6th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The right to counsel in criminal trials.
Gideon v. Wainwright held that states must provide indigent defendants
with a free lawyer ("public defender"). Right to jury in criminal trials.
7th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Right to jury in civil trials.
8th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Government cannot inflict cruel and
unusual punishment. Meaning of "cruel" based on "evolving standards of
decency that mark the progress of a maturing society." Categorical bans on
death penalty: juveniles, retarded, non-murder crimes...
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, 9th Amendment - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Unenumerated Rights Amendment.
Citizens have unenumerated rights in addition to those stated in the
Constitution. Not been developed by Supreme Court (too open ended)
Constitution - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A nation's basic law, creates political
institutions, assigns or divides power in government and often provides
certain guarantees to citizens. Can be written or unwritten.
Agents of Socialization - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Family (most important); TV/media
(growing in importance); friends/peers; school (formal socialization). How
we develop (absorb) opinions & beliefs.
American Political Culture - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A set of basic, foundational
values and beliefs about government that is shared by most citizens. Key
elements: democracy, equality before the law, limited government,
capitalism & private property
Anti-Federalists - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A group who opposed the ratification of
the Constitution in 1787. They opposed a strong central government
(tyranny) and supported states' rights. "I smell a rat!"
Articles of Confederation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Set up the 1st independent
American government (1783-88). Nonbinding "league of friendship" among
