NUR 623 Acid-Base Imbalance 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Detailed Answers |
Get it 100% Correct Answers
True or False: Acid is normal - metabolic by-product
True or False: Acid is transported by the blood
True or False: Acid is eliminated by lungs & kidneys - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔True,
True, True
Respiratory compensation involves the excretion or retention of which gas
or substance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CO2
True or False. The respiratory system is the fastest mechanism for acid-
base homeostasis. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔False, it is the buffer system (blood)
-Respiratory system can take minutes or it can take hours
-Slowest: Kidneys
,Which of the following alterations is evidence that the kidneys are
compensating for a respiratory acidosis condition? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Elevated HCO3-
What do we think when we are talking about kidneys? lungs? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Kidneys = bicarbonate
Lungs = CO2
Normal pH range - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔7.35-7.45
Outside this range, proteins are denatured, enzymes lose their function for
many life-sustaining processes :
-Maintenance of energy stores
-Intracellular transportation and signaling systems
What is it called when pH is less than 7.35? More than 7.45? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔-When pH is under 7.35 = Acidosis (in blood = acidemia)
-When pH is over 7.45 = Alkalosis (in blood = alkalemia)
What is the normal Ratio of Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) to Base Bicarbonate
(HCO3-) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1:20
, What are the 3 mechanisms for maintaining pH between 7.35 & 7.45? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔BUFFER SYSTEM (seconds): within the body cells
-ECF Buffers, Phosphate system, Proteins, Hemoglobin, Cells
-Substance that releases or binds H+ to create a stable pH
-Buffers change strong acids to weak acids or bind to acids to neutralise
their effect.
-Buffers minimize effect of acids on pH until can be excreted from body.
RESP SYSTEM (minutes): within the lungs
CO2 + H20 ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
(Lungs) (RBCs) (Buffered)
-Dec. respirations = more CO2 = more carbonic acid = more H+ = more
acidic
-Inc. respirations = less CO2 = less carbonic acid = less H+ = more alkaline
RENAL SYSTEM (hours/days): within the kidneys
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
Exam Questions and Detailed Answers |
Get it 100% Correct Answers
True or False: Acid is normal - metabolic by-product
True or False: Acid is transported by the blood
True or False: Acid is eliminated by lungs & kidneys - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔True,
True, True
Respiratory compensation involves the excretion or retention of which gas
or substance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔CO2
True or False. The respiratory system is the fastest mechanism for acid-
base homeostasis. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔False, it is the buffer system (blood)
-Respiratory system can take minutes or it can take hours
-Slowest: Kidneys
,Which of the following alterations is evidence that the kidneys are
compensating for a respiratory acidosis condition? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Elevated HCO3-
What do we think when we are talking about kidneys? lungs? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Kidneys = bicarbonate
Lungs = CO2
Normal pH range - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔7.35-7.45
Outside this range, proteins are denatured, enzymes lose their function for
many life-sustaining processes :
-Maintenance of energy stores
-Intracellular transportation and signaling systems
What is it called when pH is less than 7.35? More than 7.45? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔-When pH is under 7.35 = Acidosis (in blood = acidemia)
-When pH is over 7.45 = Alkalosis (in blood = alkalemia)
What is the normal Ratio of Carbonic Acid (H2CO3) to Base Bicarbonate
(HCO3-) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1:20
, What are the 3 mechanisms for maintaining pH between 7.35 & 7.45? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔BUFFER SYSTEM (seconds): within the body cells
-ECF Buffers, Phosphate system, Proteins, Hemoglobin, Cells
-Substance that releases or binds H+ to create a stable pH
-Buffers change strong acids to weak acids or bind to acids to neutralise
their effect.
-Buffers minimize effect of acids on pH until can be excreted from body.
RESP SYSTEM (minutes): within the lungs
CO2 + H20 ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-
(Lungs) (RBCs) (Buffered)
-Dec. respirations = more CO2 = more carbonic acid = more H+ = more
acidic
-Inc. respirations = less CO2 = less carbonic acid = less H+ = more alkaline
RENAL SYSTEM (hours/days): within the kidneys
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
