HESI Pediatric Practice EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
1. The vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118,
and Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1,
and no edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
Start an IV infusion of normal saline- patient is experiencing fluid vole deficit
2. A 6-month-old boy and his mother are at the healthcare provider's office for
a well-baby check-up and routine immunizations. The healthcare provider
recommends to the mother that the child receive an influenza vaccine. What
medications should the nurse plan to administer today?
6 month shots: DTAP; HEP -B (1st dose: birth, 2nd dose: 1-2 months, 3rd dose 6-9
months); PCV; IPV; INFLUENZA~ adminster at a different site
3. A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room because he swallowed
an entire bottle of children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should the nurse
implement first?
Determine the child's pulse and respiration~ always ABC
assess: respiratory, cardiac, and neuro
4. The parents of a 3-week-old infant report that the child eats well but vomits
after each feeding. What information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Description of vomiting episodes in past 24 hours.- assessment of what cause
vomiting episodes leaning towards treatment
5. The nurse is planning care for school-aged children at a community care
center. Which activity is best for the children?
Playing follow-the-leader.
Erikson: industry vs inferiority
achieve independence and productivity
6. The mother of a 2-year-old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased
temper tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery
,store, and I did not know what to do. I was so embarrassed. What can I do if
this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide
this mother?
Walk away from him and ignore the behavior
-temper tantrums are normal, just ignore the behavior.
7. A 2-year-old child with gastro-esophageal reflux has developed a fear of
eating. What instruction should the nurse include in the parents' teaching
plan?
Consistently follow a set mealtime routine
- always follow a consistent home schedule
8. As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and
palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to
the healthcare provider?
A 6-month-old with failure to thrive that has a closed anterior fontanel.
9. Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In
collaboration with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription
should the nurse anticipate?
A trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone
Frequent stimulation of the cremasteric reflex~ causes the testes to ascend, not
descend.
70. When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the
nutritional status of an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which
intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Record weight daily = nutrition for infants
3. A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a home
birth. The mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only and
then falls asleep. The nurse auscultates a loud murmur characteristic of a
ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the newborn is acyanotic with a
respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. What instruction should the nurse
provide the mother to ensure the infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day. - child should
at least have 6 wet diapers per day.
, B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.- child is always
fatigue, need to increase to 30 oz a day
D. Allow the infant to rest and re-feed on demand or every 2 hours.- child is always
fatigue, this will ensure adequate feeding.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.- this will save
energy
33. A 15-year-old girl tells the school nurse that all of her friends have started
their periods and she feels abnormal because she has not. Which response is
best for the nurse provide?
Explain that menarche varies and occurs between the ages of 12 and 18 years.
81. Which finding in a 19-year-old female client should trigger further
assessment by the nurse?
Menstruation has not occurred- menarche usually occur between the ages of 12 and
18 years old
34. At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge
nurse that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a
blood pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The
client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit
last night. What action should the nurse take first?
Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
-CA channel blocker
-always assess physiological needs
56. A 3-year-old client with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the Emergency
Department with abdominal pain. The nurse palpates an enlarged liver, an x-
ray reveals an enlarged spleen, and a CBC reveals anemia. These findings
indicate which type of crisis?
Sequestration.- pooling of blood causes and pain and anemia d/t blockage of blood
in the spleen
1. Aplastic anemia- anemia d/t drugs
2. Hyperhemolytic anemia- anemia d/t the breakdown of RBC
3.Vaso-occlusive anemia- sickle cells are clogging up small capillaries- and pain but
not enlarged spleen and liver
ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
1. The vital signs of a 4-year-old child with polyuria are: BP 80/40, Pulse 118,
and Respirations 24. The child's pedal pulses are present with a volume of +1,
and no edema is observed. What action should the nurse implement first?
Start an IV infusion of normal saline- patient is experiencing fluid vole deficit
2. A 6-month-old boy and his mother are at the healthcare provider's office for
a well-baby check-up and routine immunizations. The healthcare provider
recommends to the mother that the child receive an influenza vaccine. What
medications should the nurse plan to administer today?
6 month shots: DTAP; HEP -B (1st dose: birth, 2nd dose: 1-2 months, 3rd dose 6-9
months); PCV; IPV; INFLUENZA~ adminster at a different site
3. A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room because he swallowed
an entire bottle of children's vitamin pills. Which intervention should the nurse
implement first?
Determine the child's pulse and respiration~ always ABC
assess: respiratory, cardiac, and neuro
4. The parents of a 3-week-old infant report that the child eats well but vomits
after each feeding. What information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
Description of vomiting episodes in past 24 hours.- assessment of what cause
vomiting episodes leaning towards treatment
5. The nurse is planning care for school-aged children at a community care
center. Which activity is best for the children?
Playing follow-the-leader.
Erikson: industry vs inferiority
achieve independence and productivity
6. The mother of a 2-year-old boy consults the nurse about her son's increased
temper tantrums. The mother states, "Yesterday he threw a fit in the grocery
,store, and I did not know what to do. I was so embarrassed. What can I do if
this occurs again?" Which recommendation is best for the nurse to provide
this mother?
Walk away from him and ignore the behavior
-temper tantrums are normal, just ignore the behavior.
7. A 2-year-old child with gastro-esophageal reflux has developed a fear of
eating. What instruction should the nurse include in the parents' teaching
plan?
Consistently follow a set mealtime routine
- always follow a consistent home schedule
8. As part of the physical assessment of children, the nurse observes and
palpates the fontanels. Which child's fontanel finding should be reported to
the healthcare provider?
A 6-month-old with failure to thrive that has a closed anterior fontanel.
9. Surgery is being delayed for an infant with undescended testes. In
collaboration with the healthcare provider and the family, which prescription
should the nurse anticipate?
A trial of human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone
Frequent stimulation of the cremasteric reflex~ causes the testes to ascend, not
descend.
70. When evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve the
nutritional status of an infant with gastro-esophageal reflux, which
intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
Record weight daily = nutrition for infants
3. A 3-week-old newborn is brought to the clinic for follow-up after a home
birth. The mother reports that her child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only and
then falls asleep. The nurse auscultates a loud murmur characteristic of a
ventricular septal defect (VSD), and finds the newborn is acyanotic with a
respiratory rate of 64 breaths per minute. What instruction should the nurse
provide the mother to ensure the infant is receiving adequate intake? (Select
all that apply.)
A. Monitor the the infant's weight and number of wet diapers per day. - child should
at least have 6 wet diapers per day.
, B. Increase the infant's intake per feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.- child is always
fatigue, need to increase to 30 oz a day
D. Allow the infant to rest and re-feed on demand or every 2 hours.- child is always
fatigue, this will ensure adequate feeding.
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the size of the nipple opening.- this will save
energy
33. A 15-year-old girl tells the school nurse that all of her friends have started
their periods and she feels abnormal because she has not. Which response is
best for the nurse provide?
Explain that menarche varies and occurs between the ages of 12 and 18 years.
81. Which finding in a 19-year-old female client should trigger further
assessment by the nurse?
Menstruation has not occurred- menarche usually occur between the ages of 12 and
18 years old
34. At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) informs the charge
nurse that a female adolescent client with acute glomerulonephritis has a
blood pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure reading was 170/88. The
client reports to the UAP that she is upset because her boyfriend did not visit
last night. What action should the nurse take first?
Administer PRN prescription of nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
-CA channel blocker
-always assess physiological needs
56. A 3-year-old client with sickle cell anemia is admitted to the Emergency
Department with abdominal pain. The nurse palpates an enlarged liver, an x-
ray reveals an enlarged spleen, and a CBC reveals anemia. These findings
indicate which type of crisis?
Sequestration.- pooling of blood causes and pain and anemia d/t blockage of blood
in the spleen
1. Aplastic anemia- anemia d/t drugs
2. Hyperhemolytic anemia- anemia d/t the breakdown of RBC
3.Vaso-occlusive anemia- sickle cells are clogging up small capillaries- and pain but
not enlarged spleen and liver
