Page 1 of 61
NCLEX RN Exam 2025 Review GRADED A+ QUESTIONS WIT H CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025-2026 VERIFIED
Respiratory Distress Syndrome serious lung disorder caused by immaturity &
inability to produce surfactant, resulting in hypoxia & acidosis. Common
premature infants & may be due to lung immaturity: result of surfactant
deficiency. Mainstay treatment administration exogenous surfactant,
administered by intratracheal route
Beractant (Survanta)
Opioid antagonist, which reverses effects of opioids & given for respiratory
depression.
Naloxone
Appears burrows or fine, grayish red, threadlike lines. May be difficult to see if
they are obscured by excoriation & inflammation. Multiple straight or wavy,
threadlike lines beneath skin. Wear a gown & gloves for close contact.
Scabies
Clusters of fluid-filled vesicles
Herpesvirus infection
Contagious bacterial infection skin. Common during hot, humid summer
months. May begin area broken skin, such as an insect bite or atopic
dermatitis. Impetigo very contagious. Lesions usually located around mouth &
nose, but may be on hands & extremities. Mupirocin(Bactroban) topical
antibacterial agent active against impetigo.
Impetigo
Group bleeding disorders resulting from deficiency specific coagulation
proteins Abnormal laboratory results indicate prolonged partial
thromboplastin time. Female offspring of affected male & carrier female are at
risk for hemorrhage once puberty is attained & menstrual cycles begin,
depending on severity of hemophilia, hysterectomy or ablation may be
performed
Hemophilia
Classified as antidote for acute iron toxicity.
Deferoxamine (Desferal)
Early sign slight change LOC, headache, nausea, vomiting, visual
disturbances (diplopia), seizures. Late sign ICP include significant decrease
LOC, bradycardia, decreased motor & sensory responses, alterations pupil
size & reactivity, posturing, Cheyne-Stokes respirations, & coma.
Symptom of increased ICP
Confirmatory test for leukemia is microscopic examination of bone marrow
obtained by bone marrow aspirate & biopsy.
Leukemia
, Page 2 of 61
Malignancy lymph nodes. Presence of giant, multinucleated cells (Reed-
Sternberg cells) is classic characteristic of this disease.
Hodgkin's disease
Never be administered in the presence of oliguria or anuria. Checks amount
urine output before administration.
potassium chloride
Also known as congenital aganglionosis or megacolon. Pellet or ribbon-like
stools: foul-smelling is clinical manifestation of disorder. Delayed passage or
absence of meconium stool in neonatal period also a sign. Bowel obstruction
in neonatal period, abdominal pain & distention, & failure to thrive also clinical
manifestations.
Hirschsprung's disease
Projectile vomiting, irritability, hunger & crying, constipation, & signs
dehydration including decrease urine output.
Pyloric stenosis
Invagination of section of intestine into distal bowel. Most common cause of
bowel obstruction children aged 3 months to 6 years. Severe abdominal pain;
crampy & intermittent, child draw in knees to chest. Vomiting may be present,
but not projectile. Bright red blood & mucus passed through rectum &
commonly described as currant jelly-like stools
Intussusception
Preoperative period, child observed presence loose teeth to decrease risk
aspiration during surgery. Bleeding during surgery controlled via packing &
suction as needed. Frequent swallowing, restlessness, fast/thready pulse, &
vomiting bright red blood are signs of bleeding. Bad mouth odor normal after
tonsillectomy & may be relieved by drinking more liquids.
Tonsillectomy (Surgical removal tonsils)
condition eyes not aligned because lack coordination of extraocular muscles.
May in child when complains frequent headaches, squints, tilts head to see.
Other manifestations include crossed eyes, closing one eye to see, diplopia,
photophobia, loss of binocular vision, or impairment of depth perception.
Strabismus
Decreased wheezing in child with asthma may be interpreted incorrectly as
positive sign when may actually signal inability move air. "Silent chest" is an
ominous sign during an asthma episode.
Child with asthma
Highly communicable disorder. Not transmitted airborne route. Usually
transferred by hands. Use contact & standard precaution during care (wearing
gloves & gown) reduce nosocomial transmission of RSV. Isolated private room
or room with another infant with RSV infection. Cool humidified oxygen
delivered relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, & insensible water loss from tachypnea.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment.
, Page 3 of 61
Acculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging
to a group
Ethnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer).
Low-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans.
High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products
is forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the
medication is derived from blood products.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered.
Orthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based
practices, manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine.
Five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all
problems. Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or
input. Manager addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a
plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back to her
Autocratic leader
Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to
determine staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the
staff about any issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan.
Democratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff
that the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it."
Laissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea,
tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight
gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased
hematocrit.
Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes
Common food sources of potassium:
, Page 4 of 61
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of
the urine would be noted
Hyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated
with alcoholism.
Hypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages.
Hyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence
of ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning.
Causes of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic
fluid losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive
ingestion of sodium.
Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis.
Hyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives.
Hypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic
ketoacidosis; high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates;
malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may
be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea.
Metabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia.
Metabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD
Respiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea,
vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation
(tachypnea) occurs.
Respiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for
bleeding
Warfarin (Coumadin)
NCLEX RN Exam 2025 Review GRADED A+ QUESTIONS WIT H CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025-2026 VERIFIED
Respiratory Distress Syndrome serious lung disorder caused by immaturity &
inability to produce surfactant, resulting in hypoxia & acidosis. Common
premature infants & may be due to lung immaturity: result of surfactant
deficiency. Mainstay treatment administration exogenous surfactant,
administered by intratracheal route
Beractant (Survanta)
Opioid antagonist, which reverses effects of opioids & given for respiratory
depression.
Naloxone
Appears burrows or fine, grayish red, threadlike lines. May be difficult to see if
they are obscured by excoriation & inflammation. Multiple straight or wavy,
threadlike lines beneath skin. Wear a gown & gloves for close contact.
Scabies
Clusters of fluid-filled vesicles
Herpesvirus infection
Contagious bacterial infection skin. Common during hot, humid summer
months. May begin area broken skin, such as an insect bite or atopic
dermatitis. Impetigo very contagious. Lesions usually located around mouth &
nose, but may be on hands & extremities. Mupirocin(Bactroban) topical
antibacterial agent active against impetigo.
Impetigo
Group bleeding disorders resulting from deficiency specific coagulation
proteins Abnormal laboratory results indicate prolonged partial
thromboplastin time. Female offspring of affected male & carrier female are at
risk for hemorrhage once puberty is attained & menstrual cycles begin,
depending on severity of hemophilia, hysterectomy or ablation may be
performed
Hemophilia
Classified as antidote for acute iron toxicity.
Deferoxamine (Desferal)
Early sign slight change LOC, headache, nausea, vomiting, visual
disturbances (diplopia), seizures. Late sign ICP include significant decrease
LOC, bradycardia, decreased motor & sensory responses, alterations pupil
size & reactivity, posturing, Cheyne-Stokes respirations, & coma.
Symptom of increased ICP
Confirmatory test for leukemia is microscopic examination of bone marrow
obtained by bone marrow aspirate & biopsy.
Leukemia
, Page 2 of 61
Malignancy lymph nodes. Presence of giant, multinucleated cells (Reed-
Sternberg cells) is classic characteristic of this disease.
Hodgkin's disease
Never be administered in the presence of oliguria or anuria. Checks amount
urine output before administration.
potassium chloride
Also known as congenital aganglionosis or megacolon. Pellet or ribbon-like
stools: foul-smelling is clinical manifestation of disorder. Delayed passage or
absence of meconium stool in neonatal period also a sign. Bowel obstruction
in neonatal period, abdominal pain & distention, & failure to thrive also clinical
manifestations.
Hirschsprung's disease
Projectile vomiting, irritability, hunger & crying, constipation, & signs
dehydration including decrease urine output.
Pyloric stenosis
Invagination of section of intestine into distal bowel. Most common cause of
bowel obstruction children aged 3 months to 6 years. Severe abdominal pain;
crampy & intermittent, child draw in knees to chest. Vomiting may be present,
but not projectile. Bright red blood & mucus passed through rectum &
commonly described as currant jelly-like stools
Intussusception
Preoperative period, child observed presence loose teeth to decrease risk
aspiration during surgery. Bleeding during surgery controlled via packing &
suction as needed. Frequent swallowing, restlessness, fast/thready pulse, &
vomiting bright red blood are signs of bleeding. Bad mouth odor normal after
tonsillectomy & may be relieved by drinking more liquids.
Tonsillectomy (Surgical removal tonsils)
condition eyes not aligned because lack coordination of extraocular muscles.
May in child when complains frequent headaches, squints, tilts head to see.
Other manifestations include crossed eyes, closing one eye to see, diplopia,
photophobia, loss of binocular vision, or impairment of depth perception.
Strabismus
Decreased wheezing in child with asthma may be interpreted incorrectly as
positive sign when may actually signal inability move air. "Silent chest" is an
ominous sign during an asthma episode.
Child with asthma
Highly communicable disorder. Not transmitted airborne route. Usually
transferred by hands. Use contact & standard precaution during care (wearing
gloves & gown) reduce nosocomial transmission of RSV. Isolated private room
or room with another infant with RSV infection. Cool humidified oxygen
delivered relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, & insensible water loss from tachypnea.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Is a process of learning a different culture to adapt to a new or changing
environment.
, Page 3 of 61
Acculturation.
It is a subjective perspective of the person's heritage and a sense of belonging
to a group
Ethnic identity
Include meditation, relaxation techniques, imagery, music therapy, massage,
touch, laughter, humor, & spiritual measures (prayer).
Low-risk therapies:
Because of their health & dietary practices, Native Americans, Latino
Americans, Hispanic Americans, & African Americans.
High risk of obesity & diabetes mellitus
Surgery is not prohibited, but the administration of blood and blood products
is forbidden. This religious group believes the soul cannot live after death.
Administration of medication is an acceptable practice except if the
medication is derived from blood products.
Jehovah's Witnesses
Believers adhere to dietary kosher laws. In this religion, the dairy-meat
combination is unacceptable. Only fish that have scales and fins are allowed;
meats that are allowed include animals that are vegetable eaters, cloven-
hoofed, and ritually slaughtered.
Orthodox Judaism
include whole medical systems, mind-body medicine, biologically based
practices, manipulative & body-based practices, & energy medicine.
Five categories of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM):
Focused, maintains strong control, makes decisions, & addresses all
problems. Dominates group & commands, rather than seeks suggestions or
input. Manager addresses problem (quality improvement) with taff, designs a
plan without input, & wants all problems reported directly back to her
Autocratic leader
Participative & would likely meet with each staff person individually to
determine staff member's perception of problem. Would also speak with the
staff about any issues & ask the staff for input with developing a plan.
Democratic leader
Passive and nondirective. Would state what the problem was & inform staff
that the staff needed to come up with a plan to "fix it."
Laissez-faire leader
Assessment findings include cough, dyspnea, crackles, tachypnea,
tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, bounding pulse, elevated CVP, weight
gain, edema, neck & hand vein distention, altered LOC, & decreased
hematocrit.
Overhydration or fluid overload & occurs when fluid intake or fluid retention
Avocado, bananas, cantaloupe, carrots, fish, mushrooms, oranges, potatoes,
pork, beef, veal, raisins, spinach, strawberries, & tomatoes
Common food sources of potassium:
, Page 4 of 61
Muscle weakness, increased urinary output, & decreased specific gravity of
the urine would be noted
Hyponatremia
Causative factors relate to malnutrition or starvation & the use of aluminum
hydroxide-based or magnesium-based antacids. Malnutrition is associated
with alcoholism.
Hypophosphatemia
Renal insufficiency, hypoparathyroidism, & tumor lysis syndrome; causative
factors. Should avoid foods high in phosphates; fish, eggs, milk products,
vegetables, whole grains, & carbonated beverages.
Hyperphosphatemia
Vomiting, diarrhea, conditions that increased respiration's or increased urinary
output, insufficient intravenous fluid replacement, draining fistulas, presence
of ileostomy or colostomy. Diuretics, & gastrointestinal suctioning.
Causes of a fluid volume deficit
Decreased kidney function, heart failure, hypotonic fluids to replace isotonic
fluid losses, excessive irrigation of wounds & body cavities, & excessive
ingestion of sodium.
Causes of overhydration or fluid overload:
Trauma, burns, sepsis, or metabolic or respiratory acidosis.
Hyperkalemia causes:
Cushing's syndrome or colitis & over use of laxatives.
Hypokalemia causes:
Decreased pH & decreased HCO3. Occurs in kidney disease; diabetic
ketoacidosis; high fat diet; insufficient metabolism of carbohydrates;
malnutrition; ingestion of toxins, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
malnutrition; severe diarrhea. Intestinal secretion high in bicarbonate & may
be lost through enteric drainage tubes, an ileostomy, or diarrhea.
Metabolic acidotic
Nausea & vomiting. Loss of gastric acid, cause pH & HCO3 to increase.
Symptoms experienced would include hypoventilation & tachycardia.
Metabolic alkalosis
Decreased pH and an increased CO2. Hypoventalation & COPD
Respiratory acidotic
Increased pH & decreased CO2. Hyperventalation, Lethargy, lightheadedness,
confusion, tachycardia, dysrhythmias related to hypokalemia, nausea,
vomiting, epigastric pain, numbness & tingling of extremities. Hyperventilation
(tachypnea) occurs.
Respiratory alkalotic
Sample for PT & INR level to determine anticoagulation status & risk for
bleeding
Warfarin (Coumadin)
