BIMM 120 Midterm #1 questions well
answered graded A+
chain of infection - correct answer ✔✔ The serial passage of a pathogenic organism from an
infected individual to an uninfected individual, thus transmitting disease.
chemiosmotic theory - correct answer ✔✔ A theory stating that the products of oxidative
metabolism store their energy in an electrochemical gradient that can drive cell processes such
as ATP synthesis.
chemolithotroph - correct answer ✔✔ Also called chemoautotroph, lithotroph, or
chemolithoautotrophy. An organism that oxidizes inorganic compounds to yield energy and
reduce carbon dioxide.
colony - correct answer ✔✔ A visible cluster of microbes on a plate, all derived from a single
founding microbe.
DNA sequencing - correct answer ✔✔ A technique to determine the order of bases in a DNA
sample.
electron microscope - correct answer ✔✔ A microscope that obtains high resolution and
magnification by focusing electron beams on samples using magnetic lenses
electron transport system - correct answer ✔✔ Also called electron transport chain. A series of
membrane-embedded proteins that converts the energy of redox reactions into a proton
potential.
, endosymbiont - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that lives as a symbiont inside another
organism.
enrichment culture - correct answer ✔✔ The use of selective growth media to allow only
certain microbes to grow.
eukarya - correct answer ✔✔ One of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with a
last common ancestor not shared with members of Archaea or Bacteria. Cells possess nuclei,
unlike cells of bacteria and archaea.
eukaryote - correct answer ✔✔ An organism whose cells contain a nucleus. All eukaryotes are
members of the domain Eukarya
extremophile - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that grows only in an extreme environment—
that is, an environment including one or more conditions that are "extreme" relative to the
conditions for human life.
fermentation - correct answer ✔✔ Also called fermentative metabolism. The production of ATP
via substrate-level phosphorylation, using organic compounds as both electron donors and
electron acceptors. Industrial fermentation is the production of microbial products that are
made by microbes grown in fermentation vessels; it may include respiratory metabolism to
maximize microbial growth.
genome - correct answer ✔✔ The complete genetic content of an organism. The sequence of all
the nucleotides in a haploid set of chromosomes.
geochemical cycling - correct answer ✔✔ The global interconversion of various inorganic and
organic forms of elements.
germ theory of disease - correct answer ✔✔ The theory that many diseases are caused by
microbes.
answered graded A+
chain of infection - correct answer ✔✔ The serial passage of a pathogenic organism from an
infected individual to an uninfected individual, thus transmitting disease.
chemiosmotic theory - correct answer ✔✔ A theory stating that the products of oxidative
metabolism store their energy in an electrochemical gradient that can drive cell processes such
as ATP synthesis.
chemolithotroph - correct answer ✔✔ Also called chemoautotroph, lithotroph, or
chemolithoautotrophy. An organism that oxidizes inorganic compounds to yield energy and
reduce carbon dioxide.
colony - correct answer ✔✔ A visible cluster of microbes on a plate, all derived from a single
founding microbe.
DNA sequencing - correct answer ✔✔ A technique to determine the order of bases in a DNA
sample.
electron microscope - correct answer ✔✔ A microscope that obtains high resolution and
magnification by focusing electron beams on samples using magnetic lenses
electron transport system - correct answer ✔✔ Also called electron transport chain. A series of
membrane-embedded proteins that converts the energy of redox reactions into a proton
potential.
, endosymbiont - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that lives as a symbiont inside another
organism.
enrichment culture - correct answer ✔✔ The use of selective growth media to allow only
certain microbes to grow.
eukarya - correct answer ✔✔ One of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with a
last common ancestor not shared with members of Archaea or Bacteria. Cells possess nuclei,
unlike cells of bacteria and archaea.
eukaryote - correct answer ✔✔ An organism whose cells contain a nucleus. All eukaryotes are
members of the domain Eukarya
extremophile - correct answer ✔✔ An organism that grows only in an extreme environment—
that is, an environment including one or more conditions that are "extreme" relative to the
conditions for human life.
fermentation - correct answer ✔✔ Also called fermentative metabolism. The production of ATP
via substrate-level phosphorylation, using organic compounds as both electron donors and
electron acceptors. Industrial fermentation is the production of microbial products that are
made by microbes grown in fermentation vessels; it may include respiratory metabolism to
maximize microbial growth.
genome - correct answer ✔✔ The complete genetic content of an organism. The sequence of all
the nucleotides in a haploid set of chromosomes.
geochemical cycling - correct answer ✔✔ The global interconversion of various inorganic and
organic forms of elements.
germ theory of disease - correct answer ✔✔ The theory that many diseases are caused by
microbes.
