BIMM 100 Midterm 1 Review
Questions well answered to pass
What is the central dogma? - correct answer ✔✔ DNA<--> RNA-->Protein-->Function
Why did scientists initially believe that proteins, rather than nucleic acids were the source of
genetic material? - correct answer ✔✔ Proteins were abundant, complex, and rich in functions.
Meanwhile, DNA only consisted of 4 base pairs and deemed uninteresting.
Draw the structure of 2-deoxyribose. - correct answer ✔✔
What is the structurally difference between ribose and deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔
Deoxyribose lacks the hydroxyl group that in present in ribose on the 2' carbon.
What are the two differences between RNA and DNA? - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Lack of hydroxyl
group on 2' carbon in deoxyribose; presence of hydroxyl group on 2' carbon in ribose.
2. Base difference: DNA is made up of A, G, C, T. RNA is made up of A, G, C, U.
Where do the bases [A, G, C, T] attach to the 2-deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔ 1' of the
deoxyribose
What is located at the 3' end of 2-deoxyribose - correct answer ✔✔ Hydroxyl group
Where does the triphosphate add to the deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔ 5'
Which bases are purines? - correct answer ✔✔ Adenine, Guanine
, Which bases are pyrimidines? - correct answer ✔✔ Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
Which of the following have double ring structures?
A. A
B. G
C. C.
D. T - correct answer ✔✔ A., B.
Where does energy for polymerization come from? - correct answer ✔✔ Triphosphate provides
energy for polymerization.
The polymer is called a ________________, while the monomer is called _____________.
A. nucleic acid, nucleotide
B. nucleotide, nucleic acid
C. DNA, nucleotide
D. RNA, nucleotide - correct answer ✔✔ A. nucleic acid, nucleotide
Where does a phosphate connect to 2 sugars in a sugar-phosphate backbone? - correct answer
✔✔ Phosphate connects to the 3' C of the first sugar and to the 5' C of the second sugar.
Phosphate creates what kind of bond between two sugars? - correct answer ✔✔ Phospho-
diester bond
What is NTP and what does it stand for? - correct answer ✔✔ A nucleotide; Nucleoside Tri-
Phosphate
Questions well answered to pass
What is the central dogma? - correct answer ✔✔ DNA<--> RNA-->Protein-->Function
Why did scientists initially believe that proteins, rather than nucleic acids were the source of
genetic material? - correct answer ✔✔ Proteins were abundant, complex, and rich in functions.
Meanwhile, DNA only consisted of 4 base pairs and deemed uninteresting.
Draw the structure of 2-deoxyribose. - correct answer ✔✔
What is the structurally difference between ribose and deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔
Deoxyribose lacks the hydroxyl group that in present in ribose on the 2' carbon.
What are the two differences between RNA and DNA? - correct answer ✔✔ 1. Lack of hydroxyl
group on 2' carbon in deoxyribose; presence of hydroxyl group on 2' carbon in ribose.
2. Base difference: DNA is made up of A, G, C, T. RNA is made up of A, G, C, U.
Where do the bases [A, G, C, T] attach to the 2-deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔ 1' of the
deoxyribose
What is located at the 3' end of 2-deoxyribose - correct answer ✔✔ Hydroxyl group
Where does the triphosphate add to the deoxyribose? - correct answer ✔✔ 5'
Which bases are purines? - correct answer ✔✔ Adenine, Guanine
, Which bases are pyrimidines? - correct answer ✔✔ Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
Which of the following have double ring structures?
A. A
B. G
C. C.
D. T - correct answer ✔✔ A., B.
Where does energy for polymerization come from? - correct answer ✔✔ Triphosphate provides
energy for polymerization.
The polymer is called a ________________, while the monomer is called _____________.
A. nucleic acid, nucleotide
B. nucleotide, nucleic acid
C. DNA, nucleotide
D. RNA, nucleotide - correct answer ✔✔ A. nucleic acid, nucleotide
Where does a phosphate connect to 2 sugars in a sugar-phosphate backbone? - correct answer
✔✔ Phosphate connects to the 3' C of the first sugar and to the 5' C of the second sugar.
Phosphate creates what kind of bond between two sugars? - correct answer ✔✔ Phospho-
diester bond
What is NTP and what does it stand for? - correct answer ✔✔ A nucleotide; Nucleoside Tri-
Phosphate
