BIMM 100 question and answers
graded A+
RNA po1 I - correct answer ✔✔ Pre r-RNA (28S, 18S, 5.8S rRNAs)
Ribosome components, protein synthesis;
300 protein coding genes
RNA poII - correct answer ✔✔ mRNA, Encodes protein;
snRNAs, RNA splicing;
miRNAs, post-transcriptional gene control
STRONGLY AFFECTED BY a-amantin; 25,000 protein coding genes
snoRNA
RNA pol III - correct answer ✔✔ tRNAs, Protein synthesis;
5S rRNA, Ribosome component Protein synthesis;
snRNA U6, RNA Splicing;
7S RNA, Signal- Recognition particle for insertion of polypeptides into the ER;
Other stable short RNAs, various functions unknown for many; 397 protein coding genes
upstream prom
CTD (C-terminal domain) - correct answer ✔✔ Pol II has large one, 52 copies of 7-amino acid
repeats, plays important role when pol starts activation, CTD helps coupling transcription to
subsequent processing steps
becomes phosphorylated by TFIIH which causes binding to capping enzymes which will cap any
mRNA transcribed
,Phosphodiester bonds - correct answer ✔✔ 5' first phosphate groups condensates to 3'
hydroxyl group
Initiation RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ RNA pol binds to the promoter region and melts
the DNA to open up the the strands. The first few phosphodiester bonds form
Elongation RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ RNA pol synthesizes from 5' to 3' and continues
to add NTPs
Termination RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ Once RNA pol finishes synthesizing,
termination releases RNA pol and new RNA strand
Downstream - correct answer ✔✔ transcription unit and termination sequence, going towards
5' end on template
upstream - correct answer ✔✔ promoter and before promoter, going towards 3' end on
template
Promoter region - correct answer ✔✔ allows rna pol know where to start, rna pol recognizes
DNA sequences (promoter sequences), rna pol will notice -35 box and -10 box and knows to
start at +1 on template
Reporter Assays - correct answer ✔✔ promoter region of gene put in front of reporter and the
recorded to see is rna is produced
Northern blotting - correct answer ✔✔ Looks for RNA
Types of protein assays - correct answer ✔✔ Beta-galactoside (LacZ), Luciferase, GFP (Green
fluorescent protein)
, Southern blotting - correct answer ✔✔ looking for DNA
Deletion Analysis - correct answer ✔✔ Take off pieces bit by bit to see if gene is still expressed
Linker scanning - correct answer ✔✔ Mutant sequences are made at spots in sequence and
areas where expression did not occur are important regions
Trans-factors - correct answer ✔✔ proteins that are active and can float to different areas of the
genome
Cis-elements - correct answer ✔✔ sequences in the promoter region that will direct
transcription
Gel shift assay - correct answer ✔✔
DNase foot printing assay - correct answer ✔✔ radiolabel one end, creates ladder, missing part
is protein
Components needed for RNA transcription - correct answer ✔✔ DNA template with promoter
region
NTPs
RNA polymerase
Transcription factors (DNA Binding proteins)
sigma factors - correct answer ✔✔ only in E. Coli; recognizes and binds to -10 and -35 and
shoots off +1, can change under different conditions
graded A+
RNA po1 I - correct answer ✔✔ Pre r-RNA (28S, 18S, 5.8S rRNAs)
Ribosome components, protein synthesis;
300 protein coding genes
RNA poII - correct answer ✔✔ mRNA, Encodes protein;
snRNAs, RNA splicing;
miRNAs, post-transcriptional gene control
STRONGLY AFFECTED BY a-amantin; 25,000 protein coding genes
snoRNA
RNA pol III - correct answer ✔✔ tRNAs, Protein synthesis;
5S rRNA, Ribosome component Protein synthesis;
snRNA U6, RNA Splicing;
7S RNA, Signal- Recognition particle for insertion of polypeptides into the ER;
Other stable short RNAs, various functions unknown for many; 397 protein coding genes
upstream prom
CTD (C-terminal domain) - correct answer ✔✔ Pol II has large one, 52 copies of 7-amino acid
repeats, plays important role when pol starts activation, CTD helps coupling transcription to
subsequent processing steps
becomes phosphorylated by TFIIH which causes binding to capping enzymes which will cap any
mRNA transcribed
,Phosphodiester bonds - correct answer ✔✔ 5' first phosphate groups condensates to 3'
hydroxyl group
Initiation RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ RNA pol binds to the promoter region and melts
the DNA to open up the the strands. The first few phosphodiester bonds form
Elongation RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ RNA pol synthesizes from 5' to 3' and continues
to add NTPs
Termination RNA synthesis - correct answer ✔✔ Once RNA pol finishes synthesizing,
termination releases RNA pol and new RNA strand
Downstream - correct answer ✔✔ transcription unit and termination sequence, going towards
5' end on template
upstream - correct answer ✔✔ promoter and before promoter, going towards 3' end on
template
Promoter region - correct answer ✔✔ allows rna pol know where to start, rna pol recognizes
DNA sequences (promoter sequences), rna pol will notice -35 box and -10 box and knows to
start at +1 on template
Reporter Assays - correct answer ✔✔ promoter region of gene put in front of reporter and the
recorded to see is rna is produced
Northern blotting - correct answer ✔✔ Looks for RNA
Types of protein assays - correct answer ✔✔ Beta-galactoside (LacZ), Luciferase, GFP (Green
fluorescent protein)
, Southern blotting - correct answer ✔✔ looking for DNA
Deletion Analysis - correct answer ✔✔ Take off pieces bit by bit to see if gene is still expressed
Linker scanning - correct answer ✔✔ Mutant sequences are made at spots in sequence and
areas where expression did not occur are important regions
Trans-factors - correct answer ✔✔ proteins that are active and can float to different areas of the
genome
Cis-elements - correct answer ✔✔ sequences in the promoter region that will direct
transcription
Gel shift assay - correct answer ✔✔
DNase foot printing assay - correct answer ✔✔ radiolabel one end, creates ladder, missing part
is protein
Components needed for RNA transcription - correct answer ✔✔ DNA template with promoter
region
NTPs
RNA polymerase
Transcription factors (DNA Binding proteins)
sigma factors - correct answer ✔✔ only in E. Coli; recognizes and binds to -10 and -35 and
shoots off +1, can change under different conditions
