Chapter 34 Cellular Radiobiology-Bushong Test Bank

Chapter 34 Cellular Radiobiology Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists




MULTIPLE CHOICE


1. Irradiation hits occur through .
a. indirect effects
b. direct effects
c. excitation events
d. direct and indirect effects




ANS: D
Irradiation hits occur through both indirect and direct effects.


2. According to target theory, the target molecule of a cell is
. a. any molecule in the cell
b. the DNA in the nucleus
c. a water molecule
d. a protein macromolecule




ANS: B
According to target theory, the target molecule of a cell is the DNA in the nucleus.


3. A target molecule that is will always cause cell death.
a. inactivated
b. damaged
c. hit

, d. ionized




ANS: A
A target molecule that is inactivated will always cause cell death.


4. A hit to a cell target can occur from a(n) _ effect. a. indirect
b. direct
c. oxygen
d. indirect and direct




ANS: D
A hit to a cell target can occur from an indirect or direct effect.


5. The probability of a hit is increased with oxygen and LET radiation. a. high;
low
b. low; low
c. high; high
d. low; high




ANS: C
The probability of a hit is increased with high oxygen and high LET radiation.


6. The lethal effects of cell irradiation are measured by cell .
a. death
b. survival

, c. damage
d. mutation




ANS: B
The lethal effects of cell irradiation are measured by cell survival.


7. The -target, -hit model of radiation-induced cell death applies to simple cells
only.
a. single; single
b. multiple; multiple
c. multiple; single
d. single; multiple
ANS: A
The single-target, single-hit model of radiation-induced cell death applies to simple cells
only.


8. The DO represents the dose for human cells.
a. mean survival
b. mean lethal
c. 50% survival
d. 50% lethal




ANS: B
The DO represents the mean lethal dose for human cells.


9. Human cells are most radiosensitive during the phase of the cell cycle. a.
gap2