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Ecological Interactions
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(Hyenidae) - 3 hyena species in Africa today, +1 aardwolf (insectivore)
o Brown, spotted, striped
- Earliest were "dog-like" hyenas
- Replaced by "bone crushing" hyenas during Pliocene
- Widespread
- Giant
, - Social
- Interaction with hominins high
Choose an answer
1 Intraspecific Competition 2 Hyenas:
3 Holocene: 4 Predators
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Members of the same species compete for limited
Intraspecific Competition
resources, e.g. dung beetles
Different species compete for shared resources, e.g.
Interspecific Competition
zebra and wildebeest for grass
Interaction among species in an ecological
Competition
community for resources
Organisms that feed on plant materials, aiding in seed
Herbivores
dispersal and consuming plant energy
Species that capture, kill, and consume animals of
Predators another species, with positive effects on prey
populations
Organisms that depend on living hosts for
Parasites nourishment, harming the host and relying on host
density
Parasites like tapeworms and viruses that live inside
Internal Parasites
the host
Parasites like fleas and leeches that live on the host's
External Parasites
body