Chapter 3- Health Wellness and Health Disparities
Test Bank Plus Chapter Assignment, discussions, answers and Case
Study
1. The nurse is assessing a client and obtains information related to the client's
age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance. The nurse is assessing which human
dimension?
A. physical
B. emotional
C. environmental
D. holistic
Answer: A
Rationale: The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental
level, race, and gender. These components strongly influence a person's health
status and health practices. The emotional dimension focuses on how the mind
affects body function and responds to body conditions. The environmental
dimension includes influences such as housing, sanitation, climate, and pollution of
food, air, and water. Holism refers to the integration of all the dimensions of the
human experience.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 64
2. The parent a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents who also have
a toddler with asthma. The nurse recognizes that seeking and utilizing support
systems is an example of which human dimension?
A. sociocultural dimension
B. physical dimension
C. environmental dimension
D. intellectual and spiritual dimension
Answer: A
Rationale: Communicating with others and the use of support systems relate to the
sociocultural dimension. An individual's relationship with others, being connected to
a community, and feeling accepted and loved by others are also related to the
,sociocultural dimension. Physical health is critical for overall well-being and is the
most visible of the various dimensions of health, which also include social,
intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and environmental health. Environmental
dimension focuses on being respectful of the surroundings. Spiritual dimension
focuses on the ability to establish peace and harmony. The intellectual dimension of
wellness encourages creative, stimulating mental activities.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 66
3. Which model of health and illness places high-level health and death on opposite
ends of a graduated scale?
A. Health-Illness Continuum
B. Agent-Host-Environment Model
C. Health Belief Model
D. Health Promotion Model
Answer: A
Rationale: The Health-Illness Continuum views health as a constantly changing
state, with high-level wellness and death being on opposite ends of a graduated
scale. The Agent-Host-Environment Model is useful in examining the causes of
disease in an individual. The Health Belief Model describes health behaviors. The
Health Promotion Model incorporates individual characteristics and experiences, as
well as behavior-specific knowledge and beliefs, to motivate healthy behavior.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 71
4. Which activity related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary health
promotion and illness prevention?
A. Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath
B. Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis
C. Teaching a client that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease
D. Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages
Answer: A
Rationale: The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and
illness prevention. Testing and screening are examples of secondary health
promotion and illness prevention, whereas client education and political advocacy
are associated with primary prevention.
,Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 67
5. An older adult resident of a long-term care facility has developed diarrhea and
dehydration as a result of exposure to Clostridium difficile during a recent outbreak.
The resident's primary care provider has consequently prescribed the antibiotic
metronidazole. Which model of health promotion and illness prevention is most
clearly evident in these events?
A. The Agent-Host-Environment Model
B. The Health-Illness Continuum
C. The Health Promotion Model
D. The Health Belief Model
Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of an infectious microorganism and the act of treating that
agent are associated with the Agent-Host-Environment Model of health promotion
and illness prevention. The client's beliefs about health are not central in this
scenario, and health promotion and the pursuit of health are not the most
important priorities during this active treatment of illness. This client is not being
characterized as existing on a point on a health continuum.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 72
6. The nurse is performing a routine assessment of a client who has a prosthetic
arm as a result of a small plane crash many years earlier. How should the nurse
best understand this client's health?
A. Despite the loss of a limb, the client may identify as being healthy.
B. The client may be well, but the loss of a limb means that the client is unhealthy.
C. The loss of a limb prevents the client from achieving wellness, though the client
may be healthy.
D. Because the client's injury is far in the past, it does not have a bearing on the
client's health or wellness.
Answer: A
Rationale: Individuals who live with chronic conditions, such as the loss of a limb,
may accommodate to their condition fully and consider themselves to be healthy
and well. This is not a certainty, however, and the passage of time does not
guarantee such acceptance.
, Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 57
7. Which statement best describes health?
A. Health is individually defined by each person.
B. Health is experienced by each person in exactly the same way.
C. Health is the opposite of illness.
D. Health is the absence of disease.
Answer: A
Rationale: Health is individually defined by each person and is affected by many
factors. The most widely accepted definition of health is that it is a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being—not the absence of disease or
infirmity. Health is experienced differently by each person; it is not the opposite of
illness, and does not merely indicate the absence of disease.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 54
8. Which statement most accurately defines illness?
A. Illness is the inability to carry out normal activities of daily living.
B. Illness is a pathologic change in the body.
C. Illness is the response of a person to a disease.
D. Illness is the inability to maximize one's potential and quality of life.
Answer: C
Rationale: Illness is the response of a person to a disease. Despite having an
illness, one may be able to continue with normal activities of daily living. Illness is
not a pathologic change in the body. A person may be able to maximize one's
potential and quality of life despite having an illness.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 57
9. Which statement about the concepts of disease and illness is most accurate?
A. A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse.
Test Bank Plus Chapter Assignment, discussions, answers and Case
Study
1. The nurse is assessing a client and obtains information related to the client's
age, race, gender, and genetic inheritance. The nurse is assessing which human
dimension?
A. physical
B. emotional
C. environmental
D. holistic
Answer: A
Rationale: The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental
level, race, and gender. These components strongly influence a person's health
status and health practices. The emotional dimension focuses on how the mind
affects body function and responds to body conditions. The environmental
dimension includes influences such as housing, sanitation, climate, and pollution of
food, air, and water. Holism refers to the integration of all the dimensions of the
human experience.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 64
2. The parent a toddler with asthma seeks support from the parents who also have
a toddler with asthma. The nurse recognizes that seeking and utilizing support
systems is an example of which human dimension?
A. sociocultural dimension
B. physical dimension
C. environmental dimension
D. intellectual and spiritual dimension
Answer: A
Rationale: Communicating with others and the use of support systems relate to the
sociocultural dimension. An individual's relationship with others, being connected to
a community, and feeling accepted and loved by others are also related to the
,sociocultural dimension. Physical health is critical for overall well-being and is the
most visible of the various dimensions of health, which also include social,
intellectual, emotional, spiritual, and environmental health. Environmental
dimension focuses on being respectful of the surroundings. Spiritual dimension
focuses on the ability to establish peace and harmony. The intellectual dimension of
wellness encourages creative, stimulating mental activities.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Integrated Process: Caring
Reference: p. 66
3. Which model of health and illness places high-level health and death on opposite
ends of a graduated scale?
A. Health-Illness Continuum
B. Agent-Host-Environment Model
C. Health Belief Model
D. Health Promotion Model
Answer: A
Rationale: The Health-Illness Continuum views health as a constantly changing
state, with high-level wellness and death being on opposite ends of a graduated
scale. The Agent-Host-Environment Model is useful in examining the causes of
disease in an individual. The Health Belief Model describes health behaviors. The
Health Promotion Model incorporates individual characteristics and experiences, as
well as behavior-specific knowledge and beliefs, to motivate healthy behavior.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 71
4. Which activity related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary health
promotion and illness prevention?
A. Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a client who is short of breath
B. Assisting with lung function testing of a client to help determine a diagnosis
C. Teaching a client that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease
D. Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages
Answer: A
Rationale: The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and
illness prevention. Testing and screening are examples of secondary health
promotion and illness prevention, whereas client education and political advocacy
are associated with primary prevention.
,Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 67
5. An older adult resident of a long-term care facility has developed diarrhea and
dehydration as a result of exposure to Clostridium difficile during a recent outbreak.
The resident's primary care provider has consequently prescribed the antibiotic
metronidazole. Which model of health promotion and illness prevention is most
clearly evident in these events?
A. The Agent-Host-Environment Model
B. The Health-Illness Continuum
C. The Health Promotion Model
D. The Health Belief Model
Answer: A
Rationale: The presence of an infectious microorganism and the act of treating that
agent are associated with the Agent-Host-Environment Model of health promotion
and illness prevention. The client's beliefs about health are not central in this
scenario, and health promotion and the pursuit of health are not the most
important priorities during this active treatment of illness. This client is not being
characterized as existing on a point on a health continuum.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 72
6. The nurse is performing a routine assessment of a client who has a prosthetic
arm as a result of a small plane crash many years earlier. How should the nurse
best understand this client's health?
A. Despite the loss of a limb, the client may identify as being healthy.
B. The client may be well, but the loss of a limb means that the client is unhealthy.
C. The loss of a limb prevents the client from achieving wellness, though the client
may be healthy.
D. Because the client's injury is far in the past, it does not have a bearing on the
client's health or wellness.
Answer: A
Rationale: Individuals who live with chronic conditions, such as the loss of a limb,
may accommodate to their condition fully and consider themselves to be healthy
and well. This is not a certainty, however, and the passage of time does not
guarantee such acceptance.
, Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Understand
Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 57
7. Which statement best describes health?
A. Health is individually defined by each person.
B. Health is experienced by each person in exactly the same way.
C. Health is the opposite of illness.
D. Health is the absence of disease.
Answer: A
Rationale: Health is individually defined by each person and is affected by many
factors. The most widely accepted definition of health is that it is a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being—not the absence of disease or
infirmity. Health is experienced differently by each person; it is not the opposite of
illness, and does not merely indicate the absence of disease.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 54
8. Which statement most accurately defines illness?
A. Illness is the inability to carry out normal activities of daily living.
B. Illness is a pathologic change in the body.
C. Illness is the response of a person to a disease.
D. Illness is the inability to maximize one's potential and quality of life.
Answer: C
Rationale: Illness is the response of a person to a disease. Despite having an
illness, one may be able to continue with normal activities of daily living. Illness is
not a pathologic change in the body. A person may be able to maximize one's
potential and quality of life despite having an illness.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities
Cognitive Level: Remember
Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 57
9. Which statement about the concepts of disease and illness is most accurate?
A. A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse.
