Blueprint MCAT Exam #5 with
Complete Solutions
If the average pitcher is releasing the ball from a height of 1.8 m above the ground, and
the pitcher's mound is 0.2 m higher than the rest of the baseball field, at what height
would the catcher need to hold his glove to catch the pitched ball? (Note: neglect air
resistance, estimate the acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2, and assume the pitcher
is throwing the ball only in the horizontal direction.) - ANS-I got the answer correct
because i used my deduction skills however i could approach w/ math formula.
This means the ball's flight time is:
(18 m) / (30 m/s) = (18/30) s = 3/5 s = 0.6 s
The ball is released from a position 2 m off the ground (0.2 m from the pitcher's mound
and 1.8 m from the pitcher). To calculate the distance the ball falls during 0.6 s, we can
use the equation d = v0t + 1/2at2:
d = (0 m/s)(0.6 s) + 1/2(10 m/s2)(0.6 s)2
d = 1/2(10)(0.36) = 1/2(3.6) = 1.8
The ball has fallen 1.8 m from an initial height of 2.0 m. Thus, the catcher must hold the
glove 0.2 m above the ground to catch the pitch.
Towards the end of a game, a team's pitcher begins to lose his focus and shortens his
stride, uncoupling the kinetic chain at his hips. How will this impact his pitch? - ANS-it
will decrease the velocity.. why ? because of decrease of energy through the torso.
If the majority of the baseball's kinetic energy comes from power generation in the legs
and hips, approximately how much energy do the lower extremities produce in the
pitch? - ANS-Go this question partially correct. I used the correct formula 1/2mV^2
m=150g which converted into 0.15kg. V=30. Got 67J
but the question asked how energy lower extremities produce?
went to the table and got the efficiencies and then divided this by 67J Efficiency = (0.9)
(0.9)(0.7)(0.8)
= 9*9*7*8 x 10-4
= (81)(56) x 10-4 ≈ (80)(60) x 10-4
= 4800 x 10-4 = 0.48 ≈ 0.5 67/05= 148J
While evaluating the timing of pitches, the researchers noticed a couple of high-
performing athletes were able to generate higher velocities by increasing the duration of
their acceleration phase. How did the power production for these athletes compare to
, those originally mentioned? - ANS-Incorrect: These high-performing athletes had an
increased power output due to the increased time spent in the acceleration phase.
Correct: Comparisons of power output between the original two groups cannot be made
without additional information.
Why ? Power output equation P= W/t
From the information provided, we only know that v and t increased, but not by how
much. there may be no significant difference in power output between the two groups
because these two increases could potentially cancel each other out.
If researchers failed to take into account the effect of air resistance on the pitch, how
would it impact their measurements of the efficiency of energy transfer from the arm to
the baseball? - ANS-incorrect: It would be higher than the actual efficiency, as there
was a higher initial velocity at release.
Correct: It would be lower than the actual efficiency, as there was a higher initial velocity
at release.
Why? Air resistance would decrease the velocity of the ball as it travels from the mound
to home plate.
The HAT mechanism is expected to be: - ANS-nonspontaneous at low temperatures
and spontaneous at high temperatures.
Which of the following structures correctly represents a phenoxyl radical formed from
compound 3? - ANS-since they both show a radical formed from a C=O (carbonyl)
group. removal of a single electron from an -OH group, corresponding to the
mechanisms shown in the passage.
In comparison to the cohesive forces between water molecules of the protein solution
droplet, how can the strength of interaction between water and oil molecules at an oil-
water interface be characterized? - ANS-Weaker, because they are forces created by
induced polarity in nonpolar molecules
The results of the experiment performed in the passage, and the model proposed in
response, suggest that what relationship exists between the surface activity of mutant
proteins and the relaxation of wrinkles under compression in the protein film? - ANS-
The surface activity of the monomers is decreased in each mutant protein, allowing
release of the monomers from the interface
Which of the following refers to the mechanism of peptide bond formation? - ANS-I.
Nucleophilic acyl substitution
II. Condensation
why?
Peptide bond formation occurs as the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom on the
amine attacks, and the amine adds to the carbonyl carbon, making it a nucleophilic acyl
Complete Solutions
If the average pitcher is releasing the ball from a height of 1.8 m above the ground, and
the pitcher's mound is 0.2 m higher than the rest of the baseball field, at what height
would the catcher need to hold his glove to catch the pitched ball? (Note: neglect air
resistance, estimate the acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2, and assume the pitcher
is throwing the ball only in the horizontal direction.) - ANS-I got the answer correct
because i used my deduction skills however i could approach w/ math formula.
This means the ball's flight time is:
(18 m) / (30 m/s) = (18/30) s = 3/5 s = 0.6 s
The ball is released from a position 2 m off the ground (0.2 m from the pitcher's mound
and 1.8 m from the pitcher). To calculate the distance the ball falls during 0.6 s, we can
use the equation d = v0t + 1/2at2:
d = (0 m/s)(0.6 s) + 1/2(10 m/s2)(0.6 s)2
d = 1/2(10)(0.36) = 1/2(3.6) = 1.8
The ball has fallen 1.8 m from an initial height of 2.0 m. Thus, the catcher must hold the
glove 0.2 m above the ground to catch the pitch.
Towards the end of a game, a team's pitcher begins to lose his focus and shortens his
stride, uncoupling the kinetic chain at his hips. How will this impact his pitch? - ANS-it
will decrease the velocity.. why ? because of decrease of energy through the torso.
If the majority of the baseball's kinetic energy comes from power generation in the legs
and hips, approximately how much energy do the lower extremities produce in the
pitch? - ANS-Go this question partially correct. I used the correct formula 1/2mV^2
m=150g which converted into 0.15kg. V=30. Got 67J
but the question asked how energy lower extremities produce?
went to the table and got the efficiencies and then divided this by 67J Efficiency = (0.9)
(0.9)(0.7)(0.8)
= 9*9*7*8 x 10-4
= (81)(56) x 10-4 ≈ (80)(60) x 10-4
= 4800 x 10-4 = 0.48 ≈ 0.5 67/05= 148J
While evaluating the timing of pitches, the researchers noticed a couple of high-
performing athletes were able to generate higher velocities by increasing the duration of
their acceleration phase. How did the power production for these athletes compare to
, those originally mentioned? - ANS-Incorrect: These high-performing athletes had an
increased power output due to the increased time spent in the acceleration phase.
Correct: Comparisons of power output between the original two groups cannot be made
without additional information.
Why ? Power output equation P= W/t
From the information provided, we only know that v and t increased, but not by how
much. there may be no significant difference in power output between the two groups
because these two increases could potentially cancel each other out.
If researchers failed to take into account the effect of air resistance on the pitch, how
would it impact their measurements of the efficiency of energy transfer from the arm to
the baseball? - ANS-incorrect: It would be higher than the actual efficiency, as there
was a higher initial velocity at release.
Correct: It would be lower than the actual efficiency, as there was a higher initial velocity
at release.
Why? Air resistance would decrease the velocity of the ball as it travels from the mound
to home plate.
The HAT mechanism is expected to be: - ANS-nonspontaneous at low temperatures
and spontaneous at high temperatures.
Which of the following structures correctly represents a phenoxyl radical formed from
compound 3? - ANS-since they both show a radical formed from a C=O (carbonyl)
group. removal of a single electron from an -OH group, corresponding to the
mechanisms shown in the passage.
In comparison to the cohesive forces between water molecules of the protein solution
droplet, how can the strength of interaction between water and oil molecules at an oil-
water interface be characterized? - ANS-Weaker, because they are forces created by
induced polarity in nonpolar molecules
The results of the experiment performed in the passage, and the model proposed in
response, suggest that what relationship exists between the surface activity of mutant
proteins and the relaxation of wrinkles under compression in the protein film? - ANS-
The surface activity of the monomers is decreased in each mutant protein, allowing
release of the monomers from the interface
Which of the following refers to the mechanism of peptide bond formation? - ANS-I.
Nucleophilic acyl substitution
II. Condensation
why?
Peptide bond formation occurs as the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom on the
amine attacks, and the amine adds to the carbonyl carbon, making it a nucleophilic acyl
