2025 EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG EXAM NEWEST
2025 COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||
BRAND NEW!!
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days post-operative following an
abdominal colectomy. The client reports increasing abdominal pain,
distension, and has not passed flatus since surgery. The nurse should
suspect which of the following complications?
A) Incisional infection.
B) Deep vein thrombosis.
C) Paralytic ileus.
D) Pulmonary embolism.
Correct Answer: C) Paralytic ileus.
Rationale: Paralytic ileus is a common post-operative complication,
especially after abdominal surgery, characterized by impaired
intestinal motility, leading to abdominal distension, pain, nausea,
vomiting, and absence of flatus or bowel sounds.
2. A nurse is assessing a client admitted with a suspected acute
myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following client statements is
most indicative of MI?
A) "I have a sharp pain in my left arm when I lift it."
B) "I feel a crushing pain in my chest that radiates to my left arm and
jaw."
C) "I have a burning sensation in my stomach after I eat."
D) "I feel a dull ache in my back that gets worse with movement."
Correct Answer: B) "I feel a crushing pain in my chest that radiates to
my left arm and jaw."
Rationale: Classic symptoms of acute myocardial infarction include
severe, crushing chest pain that may radiate to the left arm, jaw, back,
or neck, often accompanied by shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and
nausea.
,3. A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of heart failure.
Which of the following findings would indicate fluid volume overload?
A) Dry mucous membranes and increased urine output.
B) Hypotension and decreased central venous pressure.
C) Jugular venous distension (JVD) and crackles in the lungs.
D) Peripheral pulses that are weak and thready.
Correct Answer: C) Jugular venous distension (JVD) and crackles in
the lungs.
Rationale: JVD indicates increased right-sided heart pressure, and
crackles (pulmonary edema) indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs
due to left-sided heart failure. Both are classic signs of fluid volume
overload.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with diabetes. The
client's blood glucose is 52 mg/dL. The client is awake, alert, and able
to swallow. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer 1 mg glucagon IM.
B) Offer 15g of a simple carbohydrate (e.g., 4 oz orange juice).
C) Administer IV Dextrose 50% (D50W).
D) Document the blood glucose reading.
Correct Answer: B) Offer 15g of a simple carbohydrate (e.g., 4 oz
orange juice).
Rationale: For an awake and alert client experiencing hypoglycemia,
the immediate intervention is to administer 15g of a fast-acting simple
carbohydrate to rapidly raise blood glucose. Glucagon or IV D50W are
for unresponsive clients or when oral intake is not possible.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting aggressive behavior.
After ensuring the safety of the client and others, which of the
following is the next priority for the nurse?
A) Administer a PRN sedative medication.
B) Document the incident in the client's chart.
, C) Attempt to de-escalate the situation verbally.
D) Apply restraints to the client.
Correct Answer: C) Attempt to de-escalate the situation verbally.
Rationale: After ensuring immediate safety (e.g., removing other
clients, creating space), the next step is typically verbal de-escalation
techniques. This is the least restrictive intervention to try before
considering medication or restraints.
6. A nurse is assessing a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis
(DVT). The client suddenly reports sharp chest pain, dyspnea, and a
feeling of impending doom. The nurse should suspect which of the
following?
A) Myocardial infarction.
B) Pneumonia.
C) Pulmonary embolism.
D) Anxiety attack.
Correct Answer: C) Pulmonary embolism.
Rationale: Sudden onset of sharp chest pain, dyspnea, and a sense of
impending doom, especially in a client with a DVT history, are classic
and critical symptoms of a pulmonary embolism (PE), requiring
immediate intervention.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has right-sided
hemiparesis. The nurse observes the client attempting to feed
themselves but struggling to grasp the fork. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse implement?
A) Feed the client to ensure adequate nutrition.
B) Provide a fork with a built-up handle.
C) Instruct the client to use their left hand.
D) Encourage the client to wait for a family member to assist.
Correct Answer: B) Provide a fork with a built-up handle.
Rationale: This intervention demonstrates an understanding of
, promoting independence and adapting the environment to the client's
functional abilities. Adaptive equipment like built-up handles can assist
clients with weak grasps to feed themselves.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new
prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements indicates a
need for further teaching?
A) "I will avoid contact sports to prevent injury."
B) "I will eat a consistent amount of green leafy vegetables."
C) "I will take aspirin if I have a headache."
D) "I will need regular blood tests to check my INR."
Correct Answer: C) "I will take aspirin if I have a headache."
Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that can increase the
risk of bleeding when taken concurrently with warfarin (an
anticoagulant). Clients should be advised to avoid aspirin and other
NSAIDs. Acetaminophen is generally a safer choice for pain relief.
9. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new tracheostomy. The client is
experiencing difficulty breathing, and the nurse notes audible gurgling
and copious secretions. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Administer a bronchodilator.
B) Auscultate lung sounds.
C) Perform tracheostomy suctioning.
D) Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: C) Perform tracheostomy suctioning.
Rationale: Audible gurgling and copious secretions in a client with a
tracheostomy indicate airway obstruction from secretions. Suctioning is
the priority intervention to clear the airway and restore effective
breathing (ABC).
10. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A) Oliguria and hypernatremia.
2025 COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||
BRAND NEW!!
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days post-operative following an
abdominal colectomy. The client reports increasing abdominal pain,
distension, and has not passed flatus since surgery. The nurse should
suspect which of the following complications?
A) Incisional infection.
B) Deep vein thrombosis.
C) Paralytic ileus.
D) Pulmonary embolism.
Correct Answer: C) Paralytic ileus.
Rationale: Paralytic ileus is a common post-operative complication,
especially after abdominal surgery, characterized by impaired
intestinal motility, leading to abdominal distension, pain, nausea,
vomiting, and absence of flatus or bowel sounds.
2. A nurse is assessing a client admitted with a suspected acute
myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following client statements is
most indicative of MI?
A) "I have a sharp pain in my left arm when I lift it."
B) "I feel a crushing pain in my chest that radiates to my left arm and
jaw."
C) "I have a burning sensation in my stomach after I eat."
D) "I feel a dull ache in my back that gets worse with movement."
Correct Answer: B) "I feel a crushing pain in my chest that radiates to
my left arm and jaw."
Rationale: Classic symptoms of acute myocardial infarction include
severe, crushing chest pain that may radiate to the left arm, jaw, back,
or neck, often accompanied by shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and
nausea.
,3. A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of heart failure.
Which of the following findings would indicate fluid volume overload?
A) Dry mucous membranes and increased urine output.
B) Hypotension and decreased central venous pressure.
C) Jugular venous distension (JVD) and crackles in the lungs.
D) Peripheral pulses that are weak and thready.
Correct Answer: C) Jugular venous distension (JVD) and crackles in
the lungs.
Rationale: JVD indicates increased right-sided heart pressure, and
crackles (pulmonary edema) indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs
due to left-sided heart failure. Both are classic signs of fluid volume
overload.
4. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with diabetes. The
client's blood glucose is 52 mg/dL. The client is awake, alert, and able
to swallow. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Administer 1 mg glucagon IM.
B) Offer 15g of a simple carbohydrate (e.g., 4 oz orange juice).
C) Administer IV Dextrose 50% (D50W).
D) Document the blood glucose reading.
Correct Answer: B) Offer 15g of a simple carbohydrate (e.g., 4 oz
orange juice).
Rationale: For an awake and alert client experiencing hypoglycemia,
the immediate intervention is to administer 15g of a fast-acting simple
carbohydrate to rapidly raise blood glucose. Glucagon or IV D50W are
for unresponsive clients or when oral intake is not possible.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting aggressive behavior.
After ensuring the safety of the client and others, which of the
following is the next priority for the nurse?
A) Administer a PRN sedative medication.
B) Document the incident in the client's chart.
, C) Attempt to de-escalate the situation verbally.
D) Apply restraints to the client.
Correct Answer: C) Attempt to de-escalate the situation verbally.
Rationale: After ensuring immediate safety (e.g., removing other
clients, creating space), the next step is typically verbal de-escalation
techniques. This is the least restrictive intervention to try before
considering medication or restraints.
6. A nurse is assessing a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis
(DVT). The client suddenly reports sharp chest pain, dyspnea, and a
feeling of impending doom. The nurse should suspect which of the
following?
A) Myocardial infarction.
B) Pneumonia.
C) Pulmonary embolism.
D) Anxiety attack.
Correct Answer: C) Pulmonary embolism.
Rationale: Sudden onset of sharp chest pain, dyspnea, and a sense of
impending doom, especially in a client with a DVT history, are classic
and critical symptoms of a pulmonary embolism (PE), requiring
immediate intervention.
7. A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has right-sided
hemiparesis. The nurse observes the client attempting to feed
themselves but struggling to grasp the fork. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse implement?
A) Feed the client to ensure adequate nutrition.
B) Provide a fork with a built-up handle.
C) Instruct the client to use their left hand.
D) Encourage the client to wait for a family member to assist.
Correct Answer: B) Provide a fork with a built-up handle.
Rationale: This intervention demonstrates an understanding of
, promoting independence and adapting the environment to the client's
functional abilities. Adaptive equipment like built-up handles can assist
clients with weak grasps to feed themselves.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new
prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements indicates a
need for further teaching?
A) "I will avoid contact sports to prevent injury."
B) "I will eat a consistent amount of green leafy vegetables."
C) "I will take aspirin if I have a headache."
D) "I will need regular blood tests to check my INR."
Correct Answer: C) "I will take aspirin if I have a headache."
Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that can increase the
risk of bleeding when taken concurrently with warfarin (an
anticoagulant). Clients should be advised to avoid aspirin and other
NSAIDs. Acetaminophen is generally a safer choice for pain relief.
9. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new tracheostomy. The client is
experiencing difficulty breathing, and the nurse notes audible gurgling
and copious secretions. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A) Administer a bronchodilator.
B) Auscultate lung sounds.
C) Perform tracheostomy suctioning.
D) Notify the physician.
Correct Answer: C) Perform tracheostomy suctioning.
Rationale: Audible gurgling and copious secretions in a client with a
tracheostomy indicate airway obstruction from secretions. Suctioning is
the priority intervention to clear the airway and restore effective
breathing (ABC).
10. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A) Oliguria and hypernatremia.
