TPR MCAT Test 1 with Accurate
Solutions
A neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood regulation -
ANS-Norepinephrine
A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle
contraction - ANS-Acetylcholine
a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups that are
competing for scarce resources - ANS-Conflict Theory
A) nucleus accumbent and ventral segmental area are involved in reward processing,
something that dopamine plays a major role in (reward-motivated behavior).
Chose: B - while serotonin dysregulation is associated with depressive symptoms,
serotonin is not involved in reward processing - ANS-The nucleus accumbent and
ventral segmental area are likely associated with which neurotransmitter system?
A) dopamine
B) serotonin
C) norepinephrine
D) acetylcholine
A) RNA polymerase does not require a primer and it does not have exonuclease
activity. RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction, which means it must
travel 3' to 5' on the template strand.
Chose: B - wrong bc doesn't travel in 3' to 5' direction - ANS-RNA polymerase differs
from DNA polymerase III in that RNA polymerase:
I. does not require a primer.
II. lacks exonuclease activity.
III. travels in the 5' to 3' direction on the template strand.
A) I and II only
B) I and III only
C) II and III only
D) I, II and III
A) Role strain occurs when there are competing expectations for the same status. In the
scenario provided, RJ is dealing with the competing expectations to perform well, but
, also to not look like he is trying too hard, for the same status—that of first-year medical
student (choice A is correct).
Chose: B - Role conflict occurs when two statuses have competing expectations; since
there is no indication that RJ feels conflict from the competing expectations of more
than one status, role conflict is not occurring here - ANS-As a first-year medical student,
RJ feels pressure to study very hard and do well in his classes, but also feels pressure
not to look like he is "trying too hard" to do well. These competing expectations can best
be described as:
A. role strain.
B. role conflict.
C. social facilitation.
D. stereotype threat.
A) since the nucleophile is not part of the rate law (rate = k[electrophile]), changing its
concentration will have no effect on the rate.
Chose: D - first order reactions have rate constants with units of reciprocal seconds
(1/s)
zeroth order units: M/s
second order units: 1/(M*s) - ANS-In unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (Sn1), a
nucleophile attacks an electrophile. The rate law of the reaction is first order overall, and
first order with respect to the electrophile. Which of the following, if true, would NOT
support this statement?
A) diluting the reaction has no effect on the rate
B) doubling the concentration of nucleophile has no effect on the rate
C) increasing the concentration of electrophile increases the rate
D) the rate constant has units of reciprocal seconds
A) The function of ADH is to increase the permeability of the collecting duct of the
nephron to water. If ADH is present, water can be reabsorbed from the urine, thereby
concentrating the urine and preventing dehydration of the body. Absence of ADH -->
inability to concentrate the urine.
Chose: D - ADH has no effect on heart rate or blood glucose levels - don't confuse this
disorder with diabetes mellitus - ANS-Diabetes insipidus, a disease of ADH deficiency,
can be caused by destruction or dysfunction of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
of the hypothalamus. One symptom of a person with this condition might be:
A. an inability to produce concentrated urine.
B. elevated plasma osmolarity and blood pressure.
C. an increased heart rate.
D. elevated blood glucose levels.
Solutions
A neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood regulation -
ANS-Norepinephrine
A neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle
contraction - ANS-Acetylcholine
a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of groups that are
competing for scarce resources - ANS-Conflict Theory
A) nucleus accumbent and ventral segmental area are involved in reward processing,
something that dopamine plays a major role in (reward-motivated behavior).
Chose: B - while serotonin dysregulation is associated with depressive symptoms,
serotonin is not involved in reward processing - ANS-The nucleus accumbent and
ventral segmental area are likely associated with which neurotransmitter system?
A) dopamine
B) serotonin
C) norepinephrine
D) acetylcholine
A) RNA polymerase does not require a primer and it does not have exonuclease
activity. RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA in the 5' to 3' direction, which means it must
travel 3' to 5' on the template strand.
Chose: B - wrong bc doesn't travel in 3' to 5' direction - ANS-RNA polymerase differs
from DNA polymerase III in that RNA polymerase:
I. does not require a primer.
II. lacks exonuclease activity.
III. travels in the 5' to 3' direction on the template strand.
A) I and II only
B) I and III only
C) II and III only
D) I, II and III
A) Role strain occurs when there are competing expectations for the same status. In the
scenario provided, RJ is dealing with the competing expectations to perform well, but
, also to not look like he is trying too hard, for the same status—that of first-year medical
student (choice A is correct).
Chose: B - Role conflict occurs when two statuses have competing expectations; since
there is no indication that RJ feels conflict from the competing expectations of more
than one status, role conflict is not occurring here - ANS-As a first-year medical student,
RJ feels pressure to study very hard and do well in his classes, but also feels pressure
not to look like he is "trying too hard" to do well. These competing expectations can best
be described as:
A. role strain.
B. role conflict.
C. social facilitation.
D. stereotype threat.
A) since the nucleophile is not part of the rate law (rate = k[electrophile]), changing its
concentration will have no effect on the rate.
Chose: D - first order reactions have rate constants with units of reciprocal seconds
(1/s)
zeroth order units: M/s
second order units: 1/(M*s) - ANS-In unimolecular nucleophilic substitution (Sn1), a
nucleophile attacks an electrophile. The rate law of the reaction is first order overall, and
first order with respect to the electrophile. Which of the following, if true, would NOT
support this statement?
A) diluting the reaction has no effect on the rate
B) doubling the concentration of nucleophile has no effect on the rate
C) increasing the concentration of electrophile increases the rate
D) the rate constant has units of reciprocal seconds
A) The function of ADH is to increase the permeability of the collecting duct of the
nephron to water. If ADH is present, water can be reabsorbed from the urine, thereby
concentrating the urine and preventing dehydration of the body. Absence of ADH -->
inability to concentrate the urine.
Chose: D - ADH has no effect on heart rate or blood glucose levels - don't confuse this
disorder with diabetes mellitus - ANS-Diabetes insipidus, a disease of ADH deficiency,
can be caused by destruction or dysfunction of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
of the hypothalamus. One symptom of a person with this condition might be:
A. an inability to produce concentrated urine.
B. elevated plasma osmolarity and blood pressure.
C. an increased heart rate.
D. elevated blood glucose levels.
