WCU Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

WCU Pathophysiology Midterm Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine blood pressure (BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100? - ANSWER -Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118 A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis. - ANSWER -False A patient diagnosed with cardiogenic shock who is hyperventilating is at risk for respiratory alkalosis. Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANSWER -β-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Left-sided heart failure is characterized by - ANSWER -pulmonary congestion. Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to - ANSWER -rupture. A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves, wide QRS complexes, and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most likely in which rhythm? - ANSWER -Ventricular escape rhythm Patients with structural evidence of heart failure who exhibit no signs or symptoms are classified into which New York Heart Association heart failure class? - ANSWER -Class I Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy. - ANSWER False Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in hypertrophy. Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase in - ANSWER -systemic vascular resistance. The ingestion of certain drugs, foods, or chemicals can lead to secondary hypertension. - ANSWER -True In contrast to all other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock is associated with - ANSWER -high cardiac output. Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce production of - ANSWER -nitric oxide. An example of an acyanotic heart defect is - ANSWER -ventricular septal defect. A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of the vasomotor center is cardiogenic. - ANSWER -False An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second) QRS complex is characteristic of - ANSWER -premature ventricular complexes. Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with - ANSWER -acute onset of left ventricular dysfunction. Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic of ________ shock. - ANSWER -cardiogenic After being diagnosed with hypertension, a patient returns to the clinic 6 weeks later. The patient reports "moderate" adherence to the recommended lifestyle changes and has experienced a decreased from 165/96 to 148/90 mm Hg in blood pressure. What is the most appropriate intervention for this patient at this time? - ANSWER -Continue lifestyle modifications only. Sepsis has been recently redefined as - ANSWER -a systemic inflammatory response to infection. A patient is exhibiting severe dyspnea and anxiety. The patient also has bubbly crackles in all lung fields with pink, frothy sputum. This patient is most likely experiencing - ANSWER -acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic manifestations of - ANSWER -cardiac tamponade. Lusitropic impairment refers to - ANSWER -impaired diastolic relaxation. What results when systemic blood pressure is increased? - ANSWER Vasoconstriction An elderly patient's blood pressure is measured at 160/98. How would the patient's left ventricular function be affected by this level of blood pressure? - ANSWER Left ventricular workload is increased with high afterload. A patient with cold and edematous extremities, low cardiac output, and profound hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of ________ shock. - ANSWER -septic Patent ductus arteriosus is accurately described as a(n) - ANSWER communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. Low cardiac output to the kidneys stimulates the release of _____ from juxtaglomerular cells. - ANSWER -renin How is a patient hospitalized with a malignant tumor that secretes parathyroid hormone-related peptide monitored for the resulting electrolyte imbalance? - ANSWER - Two primary acid-base disorders that are present independently are referred to as - ANSWER - The increased anterior-posterior chest diameter associated with obstructive lung disease is caused by - ANSWER - Lack of α-antitrypsin in emphysema causes - ANSWER - Legionnaires disease is characterized by - ANSWER - When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with pneumonia, the nurse replies - ANSWER - Which electrolyte imbalances cause increased neuromuscular excitability? - ANSWER - A major cause of treatment failure in tuberculosis is - ANSWER -