, TESTBANK FOR Social Psychology and Human
Nature 6th Edition by Brad J. Bushman
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
1. Based on early research by Norman Triplett, we should expect that children who work on math
problems alone will ____ than children who work on math problems side by side with their classmates.
a. work more slowly
b. work more quickly
c. second-guess themselves less
d. second-guess themselves more
ANSWER: a
2. Suppose you own a rowboat and enjoy rowing on a nearby lake in the summer. In June, you are
planning to go rowing with two of your friends (three people in total in the boat), and in July, you are
planning to go rowing with just one friend (two people in the boat).Will you put in more effort (row
harder) on the three-person trip or the two-person trip?
a. You will put in more effort on the three-person trip.
b. You will put in more effort on the two-person trip.
c. You will put in the same amount of effort on both trips.
d. It is impossible to say—research is inconclusive.
ANSWER: b
3. Given Max Ringelmann’s early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect
Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a
five-person group rather than a two-person group?
a. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the five-person group.
b. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the two-person group.
c. No, we should expect her to work equally hard in both groups.
d. It is impossible to say; it appears group size effects depend on other variables.
ANSWER: b
4. Who among the following psychologists was the first to publish a social psychology textbook titled
Social Psychology in the 1900s?
a. Kurt Lewin
b. Norman Triplett
c. Edward Ross
d. Max Ringelmann
ANSWER: c
5. During the first half of the 20th century, who argued that attitudes were the most important and useful
concept in social psychology?
a. Kurt Lewin
b. Max Ringelmann
c. Norman Triplett
d. Gordon Allport
ANSWER: d
6. Who proposed in the first half of the 20th century the idea that behavior is a function of both the person
and the situation?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
a. Max Ringelmann
b. Norman Triplett
c. Kurt Lewin
d. Gordon Allport
ANSWER: c
7. Eireena is required to turn in her book report by the end of the week. Based on Kurt Lewin’s formula,
what kinds of information will Eireena’s teacher need to predict whether she will indeed get the book
report by Friday?
a. She will need to know whether Eireena likes the book and whether her computer is working
properly.
b. She will need to know whether Eireena has weekend plans with her friends.
c. She will need to know whether Eireena parents earn enough to pay her tuition fee.
d. She will need to know whether Eireena scored well the previous year and whether her brother
will help her with the report.
ANSWER: a
8. In the history of psychology and social psychology, the late 1800s and early 1900s marked ____.
a. the very first social psychological experiments
b. social psychology’s independence from behaviorism
c. the beginnings of research in social cognition
d. the beginnings of research in social neuroscience
ANSWER: a
9. Milgram’s famous studies of obedience to authority were motivated by which of the following
historical events?
a. The Holocaust
b. The fall of Communism
c. The return of soldiers from Desert Storm
d. The Great Depression
ANSWER: a
10. Which of the following elements is particularly critical to include in a deception study but is not
usually required in other types of studies?
a. IRB approval
b. Demand characteristics
c. Complete debriefing
d. Informed consent
ANSWER: c
11. In the 1950s and 1960s, mainstream psychology was divided between two main theoretical camps:
____.
a. trait theory and behaviorism
b. Freudian psychoanalysis and humanism
c. humanism and trait theory
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
d. behaviorism and Freudian psychoanalysis
ANSWER: d
12. How are social psychologists generally similar to behaviorists?
a. They both tend to favor experiments and the scientific method.
b. They are both interested in thinking and thought processes.
c. They are both originally rooted in psychoanalytic theory.
d. They are both interested in the unconscious mind.
ANSWER: a
13. Social psychologists are generally similar to Freudian psychoanalysts in that they both ____.
a. are more interested in abnormal behavior than in normal behavior
b. tend to favor experiments and the scientific method
c. are primarily interested in external behaviors rather than the mind
d. have an interest in inner states and processes
ANSWER: d
14. Which topic has been of the MOST interest to social psychologists during the last 30 years?
a. Social cognition—concerned with how people think about other people and how people think
about the social world in general
b. Behaviorism—concerned with basic principles of learning, such as reward and punishment
c. The idea that modern life makes people vulnerable to alienation and exploitation
d. The idea that people act less on the basis of firm moral principles than they do on the basis of
conformity or “following the crowd”
ANSWER: a
15. Social psychology is BEST defined as the study of ____.
a. how we learn to behave by the rules of society
b. how our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are affected by other people
c. how cultures are created to serve the interests of the powerful
d. how societies work to allocate resources and responsibilities
ANSWER: b
16. As a rule, social psychologists are MOST interested in ____.
a. normal adult human beings
b. severe mental illness
c. normal childhood development
d. diagnoses in abnormal behavior
ANSWER: a
17. In social psychology, the “ABC triad” stands for ____.
a. attitudes, beliefs, and commitments
b. ambiance, biology, and culture
c. affect, behavior, and cognition
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
d. attributions, boundaries, and corrections
ANSWER: c
18. Which of the following is an example of an “emotion”?
a. Gullibility
b. Unpleasantness
c. Happiness
d. Activism
ANSWER: c
19. Which of the following is the BEST example of “cognition?”
a. Experiencing an auditory hallucination
b. Having a hunger pang
c. Thinking that you are a valuable employee
d. Exhibiting a nervous twitch
ANSWER: c
20. Mike believes that his blue coat is warmer than his red coat. Russell thinks that he might want to have
kids sometime in the next few years. Xu remembers playing baseball with her friends as a child. These
are all examples of ____.
a. delusions
b. schemas
c. affects
d. cognitions
ANSWER: d
21. Social psychology focuses especially on the power of ____.
a. genetics
b. reinforcement
c. situations
d. the unconscious
ANSWER: c
22. Bill stole $50 from his parents. In assessing Bill’s motives, which of the following questions would a
social psychologist be MOST likely to ask?
a. Is Bill unconsciously motivated to hurt his parents?
b. Is Bill a person with a weak moral character?
c. Does Bill have friends or other role models who are stealing?
d. Is Bill mentally healthy enough to realize what he has done?
ANSWER: c
23. Jessie holds several negative stereotypes about women. Specifically, he thinks that most women are
manipulative, vain, and lazy. In trying to understand Jessie’s beliefs, which of the following questions
would a social psychologist be MOST likely to ask?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
a. Does Jessie feel so intimidated by women that he expresses these negative stereotypes to
“cover up” his deep-seated lack of self-esteem?
b. Did Jessie have a difficult relationship with his mother as a young child that might have
fostered a negative attitude toward all women?
c. Does Jessie have a brain abnormality?
d. Has Jessie been exposed to these stereotypes in the media, or has he had limited (but negative)
interactions with women that might have helped perpetuate these stereotypes?
ANSWER: d
24. Most social psychologists perform research by ____.
a. engaging in historical analyses
b. conducting individual interviews
c. conducting experiments
d. using nonexperimental observational methods
ANSWER: c
25. Anthropologists would posit that social psychologists cannot understand human behavior fully unless
they understand the ____.
a. genetic makeup of the populations under study
b. relationship between humans and animals
c. biological basis of the behavior
d. cultural context in which that behavior occurs
ANSWER: d
26. The social psychological theory known as “social exchange theory” is based MOST obviously on
which other social sciences?
a. Economics
b. History
c. Political science
d. Anthropology
ANSWER: a
27. Makena is interested in studying same-sex couples and their motivation to marry in the context of the
legalization of same-sex marriages. In addition to social psychology, what other fields are related to her
particular study?
a. Economics and anthropology
b. Sociology and history
c. Political science and anthropology
d. Sociology and political science
ANSWER: d
28. Scarlett is examining how attitudes predict voting behavior. Her research will MOST likely involve an
intersection of social psychology and _____.
a. anthropology
b. sociology
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
c. political science
d. economics
ANSWER: c
29. Dr. Campbell studies the relationship between crime rates and childrearing practices. He is MOST
likely a(n) ____.
a. anthropologist
b. economist
c. sociologist
d. social psychologist
ANSWER: c
30. The study of what happens in the brain, nervous system, and other aspects of the body is called _____.
a. developmental psychology
b. cognitive psychology
c. neuroscience
d. political science
ANSWER: c
31. Dr. McKee researches the effectiveness of different therapies for treating severe anxiety disorders. He
is MOST likely a ____.
a. personality psychologist
b. clinical psychologist
c. cognitive psychologist
d. Freudian psychoanalyst
ANSWER: b
32. In recent years, what has emerged as an important subfield of social psychology that explores the
ways in which people think about social situations?
a. Cognitive sociology
b. Social cognition
c. Cognitive anthropology
d. Socioneurology
ANSWER: b
33. Which of the following topics is a personality psychologist MOST likely to study?
a. The development of schizophrenia
b. Gender differences in the acquisition of language skills
c. Individual differences in leadership ability
d. Cross-cultural differences in mating and courtship behaviors
ANSWER: c
34. The study of how people change across their lives from conception to death is the purview of ____.
a. developmental psychology
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
b. cognitive psychology
c. clinical psychology
d. biological psychology
ANSWER: a
35. Dr. Franklin studies individual differences in introversion (a trait similar to shyness). He is MOST
likely a _____ psychologist.
a. social
b. personality
c. clinical
d. developmental
ANSWER: b
36. The key distinction between philosophy and psychology is the fact that psychology ____.
a. is concerned with observable phenomena (e.g., behaviors) rather than unobservable
phenomena (e.g., thoughts)
b. is concerned with unobservable phenomena (e.g., thoughts) rather than observable phenomena
(e.g., behaviors)
c. primarily relies on the scientific method
d. primarily relies on the case study method
ANSWER: c
37. Dr. Casas is a researcher who studies methods to encourage condom use among sexually active teens
and preventing unwanted pregnancies. He would probably be BEST described as a(n) ____.
a. neuroscientist
b. applied researcher
c. historian
d. economist
ANSWER: b
38. When Kurt Lewin said, “There is nothing as practical as a good theory,” he meant that ____.
a. many theories are overly abstract; a good theory should be based on directly observable facts
b. many theories are overly abstract; a good theory should make predictions about directly
observable phenomena
c. although they may seem impractical, theories can be very important in helping to stimulate
practical ideas and research
d. he was opposed to overly theoretical work and a major proponent of applied research
ANSWER: c
39. Consider the following American adages, which seem to contradict one another: “Birds of a feather
flock together” and “opposites attract.” What would social psychologists say about these adages?
a. This contradiction is an anomaly since Americans tend to be extremely single-minded in their
“common sense” views about social psychology.
b. Most people in the United States probably believe one of these adages to be true—but not
both—since most people have very clear personal theories about social psychology.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
c. The contradiction is not surprising at all, since “common sense” theories are often poorly
defined, i.e., most people would probably say that both of these things are true (if you asked
them at different times).
d. Most people would not see the contradiction if it were pointed out to them, since the average
person is not a strong logical thinker.
ANSWER: c
40. “Common sense” theories about social psychology are ____.
a. almost always wrong
b. often misleading or contradictory
c. very often correct
d. very often correct when they have to do with dyadic (two-person) relationships, but usually
wrong when they have to do with group behavior
ANSWER: b
41. The first step in the scientific method is to ____.
a. state a problem for study
b. state a hypothesis
c. determine the research sample
d. collect data
ANSWER: a
42. Dr. Henderson wants to test her theory that people feel less stressed after exercising. She measures
students’ stress levels and then has them perform 30 minutes of moderate exercise on a treadmill. After
the treadmill segment, she measures their stress levels again. This is an example of a(n) ____ design.
a. factorial
b. between-subjects
c. within-subjects
d. survey
ANSWER: c
43. An idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but not yet proven is known as a(n)
____.
a. hypothesis
b. theory
c. ad hoc test
d. independent variable
ANSWER: a
44. What is a hypothesis?
a. A statistical procedure
b. An established scientific fact
c. A testable prediction
d. A type of sample
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Nature 6th Edition by Brad J. Bushman
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you few pages sample.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel sheet
if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make update
at every time. There are many new editions
waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file You
can contact us at every time, we can replace it
with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
1. Based on early research by Norman Triplett, we should expect that children who work on math
problems alone will ____ than children who work on math problems side by side with their classmates.
a. work more slowly
b. work more quickly
c. second-guess themselves less
d. second-guess themselves more
ANSWER: a
2. Suppose you own a rowboat and enjoy rowing on a nearby lake in the summer. In June, you are
planning to go rowing with two of your friends (three people in total in the boat), and in July, you are
planning to go rowing with just one friend (two people in the boat).Will you put in more effort (row
harder) on the three-person trip or the two-person trip?
a. You will put in more effort on the three-person trip.
b. You will put in more effort on the two-person trip.
c. You will put in the same amount of effort on both trips.
d. It is impossible to say—research is inconclusive.
ANSWER: b
3. Given Max Ringelmann’s early research looking at group size and individual effort, should we expect
Student X to put in a different amount of effort depending on whether she worked on a history project in a
five-person group rather than a two-person group?
a. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the five-person group.
b. Yes, we should expect her to work harder in the two-person group.
c. No, we should expect her to work equally hard in both groups.
d. It is impossible to say; it appears group size effects depend on other variables.
ANSWER: b
4. Who among the following psychologists was the first to publish a social psychology textbook titled
Social Psychology in the 1900s?
a. Kurt Lewin
b. Norman Triplett
c. Edward Ross
d. Max Ringelmann
ANSWER: c
5. During the first half of the 20th century, who argued that attitudes were the most important and useful
concept in social psychology?
a. Kurt Lewin
b. Max Ringelmann
c. Norman Triplett
d. Gordon Allport
ANSWER: d
6. Who proposed in the first half of the 20th century the idea that behavior is a function of both the person
and the situation?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
a. Max Ringelmann
b. Norman Triplett
c. Kurt Lewin
d. Gordon Allport
ANSWER: c
7. Eireena is required to turn in her book report by the end of the week. Based on Kurt Lewin’s formula,
what kinds of information will Eireena’s teacher need to predict whether she will indeed get the book
report by Friday?
a. She will need to know whether Eireena likes the book and whether her computer is working
properly.
b. She will need to know whether Eireena has weekend plans with her friends.
c. She will need to know whether Eireena parents earn enough to pay her tuition fee.
d. She will need to know whether Eireena scored well the previous year and whether her brother
will help her with the report.
ANSWER: a
8. In the history of psychology and social psychology, the late 1800s and early 1900s marked ____.
a. the very first social psychological experiments
b. social psychology’s independence from behaviorism
c. the beginnings of research in social cognition
d. the beginnings of research in social neuroscience
ANSWER: a
9. Milgram’s famous studies of obedience to authority were motivated by which of the following
historical events?
a. The Holocaust
b. The fall of Communism
c. The return of soldiers from Desert Storm
d. The Great Depression
ANSWER: a
10. Which of the following elements is particularly critical to include in a deception study but is not
usually required in other types of studies?
a. IRB approval
b. Demand characteristics
c. Complete debriefing
d. Informed consent
ANSWER: c
11. In the 1950s and 1960s, mainstream psychology was divided between two main theoretical camps:
____.
a. trait theory and behaviorism
b. Freudian psychoanalysis and humanism
c. humanism and trait theory
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
d. behaviorism and Freudian psychoanalysis
ANSWER: d
12. How are social psychologists generally similar to behaviorists?
a. They both tend to favor experiments and the scientific method.
b. They are both interested in thinking and thought processes.
c. They are both originally rooted in psychoanalytic theory.
d. They are both interested in the unconscious mind.
ANSWER: a
13. Social psychologists are generally similar to Freudian psychoanalysts in that they both ____.
a. are more interested in abnormal behavior than in normal behavior
b. tend to favor experiments and the scientific method
c. are primarily interested in external behaviors rather than the mind
d. have an interest in inner states and processes
ANSWER: d
14. Which topic has been of the MOST interest to social psychologists during the last 30 years?
a. Social cognition—concerned with how people think about other people and how people think
about the social world in general
b. Behaviorism—concerned with basic principles of learning, such as reward and punishment
c. The idea that modern life makes people vulnerable to alienation and exploitation
d. The idea that people act less on the basis of firm moral principles than they do on the basis of
conformity or “following the crowd”
ANSWER: a
15. Social psychology is BEST defined as the study of ____.
a. how we learn to behave by the rules of society
b. how our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are affected by other people
c. how cultures are created to serve the interests of the powerful
d. how societies work to allocate resources and responsibilities
ANSWER: b
16. As a rule, social psychologists are MOST interested in ____.
a. normal adult human beings
b. severe mental illness
c. normal childhood development
d. diagnoses in abnormal behavior
ANSWER: a
17. In social psychology, the “ABC triad” stands for ____.
a. attitudes, beliefs, and commitments
b. ambiance, biology, and culture
c. affect, behavior, and cognition
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
d. attributions, boundaries, and corrections
ANSWER: c
18. Which of the following is an example of an “emotion”?
a. Gullibility
b. Unpleasantness
c. Happiness
d. Activism
ANSWER: c
19. Which of the following is the BEST example of “cognition?”
a. Experiencing an auditory hallucination
b. Having a hunger pang
c. Thinking that you are a valuable employee
d. Exhibiting a nervous twitch
ANSWER: c
20. Mike believes that his blue coat is warmer than his red coat. Russell thinks that he might want to have
kids sometime in the next few years. Xu remembers playing baseball with her friends as a child. These
are all examples of ____.
a. delusions
b. schemas
c. affects
d. cognitions
ANSWER: d
21. Social psychology focuses especially on the power of ____.
a. genetics
b. reinforcement
c. situations
d. the unconscious
ANSWER: c
22. Bill stole $50 from his parents. In assessing Bill’s motives, which of the following questions would a
social psychologist be MOST likely to ask?
a. Is Bill unconsciously motivated to hurt his parents?
b. Is Bill a person with a weak moral character?
c. Does Bill have friends or other role models who are stealing?
d. Is Bill mentally healthy enough to realize what he has done?
ANSWER: c
23. Jessie holds several negative stereotypes about women. Specifically, he thinks that most women are
manipulative, vain, and lazy. In trying to understand Jessie’s beliefs, which of the following questions
would a social psychologist be MOST likely to ask?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
a. Does Jessie feel so intimidated by women that he expresses these negative stereotypes to
“cover up” his deep-seated lack of self-esteem?
b. Did Jessie have a difficult relationship with his mother as a young child that might have
fostered a negative attitude toward all women?
c. Does Jessie have a brain abnormality?
d. Has Jessie been exposed to these stereotypes in the media, or has he had limited (but negative)
interactions with women that might have helped perpetuate these stereotypes?
ANSWER: d
24. Most social psychologists perform research by ____.
a. engaging in historical analyses
b. conducting individual interviews
c. conducting experiments
d. using nonexperimental observational methods
ANSWER: c
25. Anthropologists would posit that social psychologists cannot understand human behavior fully unless
they understand the ____.
a. genetic makeup of the populations under study
b. relationship between humans and animals
c. biological basis of the behavior
d. cultural context in which that behavior occurs
ANSWER: d
26. The social psychological theory known as “social exchange theory” is based MOST obviously on
which other social sciences?
a. Economics
b. History
c. Political science
d. Anthropology
ANSWER: a
27. Makena is interested in studying same-sex couples and their motivation to marry in the context of the
legalization of same-sex marriages. In addition to social psychology, what other fields are related to her
particular study?
a. Economics and anthropology
b. Sociology and history
c. Political science and anthropology
d. Sociology and political science
ANSWER: d
28. Scarlett is examining how attitudes predict voting behavior. Her research will MOST likely involve an
intersection of social psychology and _____.
a. anthropology
b. sociology
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
c. political science
d. economics
ANSWER: c
29. Dr. Campbell studies the relationship between crime rates and childrearing practices. He is MOST
likely a(n) ____.
a. anthropologist
b. economist
c. sociologist
d. social psychologist
ANSWER: c
30. The study of what happens in the brain, nervous system, and other aspects of the body is called _____.
a. developmental psychology
b. cognitive psychology
c. neuroscience
d. political science
ANSWER: c
31. Dr. McKee researches the effectiveness of different therapies for treating severe anxiety disorders. He
is MOST likely a ____.
a. personality psychologist
b. clinical psychologist
c. cognitive psychologist
d. Freudian psychoanalyst
ANSWER: b
32. In recent years, what has emerged as an important subfield of social psychology that explores the
ways in which people think about social situations?
a. Cognitive sociology
b. Social cognition
c. Cognitive anthropology
d. Socioneurology
ANSWER: b
33. Which of the following topics is a personality psychologist MOST likely to study?
a. The development of schizophrenia
b. Gender differences in the acquisition of language skills
c. Individual differences in leadership ability
d. Cross-cultural differences in mating and courtship behaviors
ANSWER: c
34. The study of how people change across their lives from conception to death is the purview of ____.
a. developmental psychology
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
b. cognitive psychology
c. clinical psychology
d. biological psychology
ANSWER: a
35. Dr. Franklin studies individual differences in introversion (a trait similar to shyness). He is MOST
likely a _____ psychologist.
a. social
b. personality
c. clinical
d. developmental
ANSWER: b
36. The key distinction between philosophy and psychology is the fact that psychology ____.
a. is concerned with observable phenomena (e.g., behaviors) rather than unobservable
phenomena (e.g., thoughts)
b. is concerned with unobservable phenomena (e.g., thoughts) rather than observable phenomena
(e.g., behaviors)
c. primarily relies on the scientific method
d. primarily relies on the case study method
ANSWER: c
37. Dr. Casas is a researcher who studies methods to encourage condom use among sexually active teens
and preventing unwanted pregnancies. He would probably be BEST described as a(n) ____.
a. neuroscientist
b. applied researcher
c. historian
d. economist
ANSWER: b
38. When Kurt Lewin said, “There is nothing as practical as a good theory,” he meant that ____.
a. many theories are overly abstract; a good theory should be based on directly observable facts
b. many theories are overly abstract; a good theory should make predictions about directly
observable phenomena
c. although they may seem impractical, theories can be very important in helping to stimulate
practical ideas and research
d. he was opposed to overly theoretical work and a major proponent of applied research
ANSWER: c
39. Consider the following American adages, which seem to contradict one another: “Birds of a feather
flock together” and “opposites attract.” What would social psychologists say about these adages?
a. This contradiction is an anomaly since Americans tend to be extremely single-minded in their
“common sense” views about social psychology.
b. Most people in the United States probably believe one of these adages to be true—but not
both—since most people have very clear personal theories about social psychology.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 1 - The Mission and the Method
c. The contradiction is not surprising at all, since “common sense” theories are often poorly
defined, i.e., most people would probably say that both of these things are true (if you asked
them at different times).
d. Most people would not see the contradiction if it were pointed out to them, since the average
person is not a strong logical thinker.
ANSWER: c
40. “Common sense” theories about social psychology are ____.
a. almost always wrong
b. often misleading or contradictory
c. very often correct
d. very often correct when they have to do with dyadic (two-person) relationships, but usually
wrong when they have to do with group behavior
ANSWER: b
41. The first step in the scientific method is to ____.
a. state a problem for study
b. state a hypothesis
c. determine the research sample
d. collect data
ANSWER: a
42. Dr. Henderson wants to test her theory that people feel less stressed after exercising. She measures
students’ stress levels and then has them perform 30 minutes of moderate exercise on a treadmill. After
the treadmill segment, she measures their stress levels again. This is an example of a(n) ____ design.
a. factorial
b. between-subjects
c. within-subjects
d. survey
ANSWER: c
43. An idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but not yet proven is known as a(n)
____.
a. hypothesis
b. theory
c. ad hoc test
d. independent variable
ANSWER: a
44. What is a hypothesis?
a. A statistical procedure
b. An established scientific fact
c. A testable prediction
d. A type of sample
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