Page 1 of 482
NEW PATHOLOGY ALL 1 AND 2 NEWLY
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED 2025/2026
LATEST UPDATE!!!
Defects due to impaired closure of the dorsal aspect of the vertebral column:
Select one:
a. Neural tube defect or dysraphic states
b. Anencephalia
c. Cauda equine
d. Hydrocephalus -- ANSWER--Neural tube defect or dysraphic states
Dysraphic abnormality localized to the lumbosacral region:
Select one:
a. Discus hernia
b. Spina bifida
c. Compression fracture of the vertebra
d. Ependymoma -- ANSWER--Spina bifida
Dysraphic defect that permits protrusion of the meninges has a fluid-filled sac, usually within
the lumbosacral region:
, Page 2 of 482
Select one:
a. Spina aperta
b. Myeloschisis
c. Meningocele
d. Meningomyelocele -- ANSWER--Meningocele
Lumbosacral neural tube defect that exposes the spinal canal and causes nerve roots to be
entrapped in subcutaneous scar tissue:
Select one:
a. Spina occulta
b. Myelocele
c. Meningomyelocele
d. Spina aperta -- ANSWER--Meningomyelocele
Focal disturbances in the neuronal migration that lead to nodules of ectopic neurons and glia:
Select one:
a. Heterotopia
b. Ectopia
c. Aganglia
d. Atresia -- ANSWER--Heterotopia
, Page 3 of 482
Chromosomal abnormality in Down syndrome:
Select one:
a. Trisomy 20
b. Trisomy 18
c. Trisomy 21
d. Trisomy 13 -- ANSWER--Trisomy 21
Accumulation of blood between the calvaria and the dura:
Select one:
a. Periosteal hematoma
b. Subarachnoideal hematoma
c. Epidural hematoma
d. Subdural hematoma -- ANSWER--Epidural hematoma
Arteries often disrupted in temporal bone fractures:
Select one:
a. Middle meningeal arteries
b. Internal cerebral artery
c. Posterior meningeal arteries
d. Anterior meningeal arteries -- ANSWER--Middle meningeal arteries
, Page 4 of 482
Cells that line the ventricular chambers of the brain:
Select one:
a. Ependymal cells
b. Astrocyte
c. Oligodendroglia
d. Pyramidal cells -- ANSWER--Ependymal cells
Myelin-producing cells of the central nervous system:
Select one:
a. Neuron
b. Purkinje- cells
c. Astrocyte
d. Oligodendroglia -- ANSWER--Oligodendroglia
Vitamin deficiency associated with spina bifida:
Select one:
a. Folic acid deficiency
b. C vitamin deficiency
c. A vitamin deficiency
NEW PATHOLOGY ALL 1 AND 2 NEWLY
MODIFIED TESTED AND APPROVED 2025/2026
LATEST UPDATE!!!
Defects due to impaired closure of the dorsal aspect of the vertebral column:
Select one:
a. Neural tube defect or dysraphic states
b. Anencephalia
c. Cauda equine
d. Hydrocephalus -- ANSWER--Neural tube defect or dysraphic states
Dysraphic abnormality localized to the lumbosacral region:
Select one:
a. Discus hernia
b. Spina bifida
c. Compression fracture of the vertebra
d. Ependymoma -- ANSWER--Spina bifida
Dysraphic defect that permits protrusion of the meninges has a fluid-filled sac, usually within
the lumbosacral region:
, Page 2 of 482
Select one:
a. Spina aperta
b. Myeloschisis
c. Meningocele
d. Meningomyelocele -- ANSWER--Meningocele
Lumbosacral neural tube defect that exposes the spinal canal and causes nerve roots to be
entrapped in subcutaneous scar tissue:
Select one:
a. Spina occulta
b. Myelocele
c. Meningomyelocele
d. Spina aperta -- ANSWER--Meningomyelocele
Focal disturbances in the neuronal migration that lead to nodules of ectopic neurons and glia:
Select one:
a. Heterotopia
b. Ectopia
c. Aganglia
d. Atresia -- ANSWER--Heterotopia
, Page 3 of 482
Chromosomal abnormality in Down syndrome:
Select one:
a. Trisomy 20
b. Trisomy 18
c. Trisomy 21
d. Trisomy 13 -- ANSWER--Trisomy 21
Accumulation of blood between the calvaria and the dura:
Select one:
a. Periosteal hematoma
b. Subarachnoideal hematoma
c. Epidural hematoma
d. Subdural hematoma -- ANSWER--Epidural hematoma
Arteries often disrupted in temporal bone fractures:
Select one:
a. Middle meningeal arteries
b. Internal cerebral artery
c. Posterior meningeal arteries
d. Anterior meningeal arteries -- ANSWER--Middle meningeal arteries
, Page 4 of 482
Cells that line the ventricular chambers of the brain:
Select one:
a. Ependymal cells
b. Astrocyte
c. Oligodendroglia
d. Pyramidal cells -- ANSWER--Ependymal cells
Myelin-producing cells of the central nervous system:
Select one:
a. Neuron
b. Purkinje- cells
c. Astrocyte
d. Oligodendroglia -- ANSWER--Oligodendroglia
Vitamin deficiency associated with spina bifida:
Select one:
a. Folic acid deficiency
b. C vitamin deficiency
c. A vitamin deficiency
