Page 1 of 8
Biostatistics Hypothesis Testing 2025- 2026 Review GRADED A+ QUESTIONS
WIT H CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with two
independent groups?
independent groups T-test
what assumptions are made when using an independent groups T-test?
the two categories are independent and must be normally distributed
how do you determine if something is normally distributed?
want at least 30 people per arm
when there is ___ variability, it is very likely to be statistically significant
low
what is standard error of the difference between the means?
indicates the amount of variation in the sampling. Need to combine the two standard
errors (pooled)
what is degrees of freedom?
what is used to determine what our critical value is that we are comparing our test
statistic against
if the test statistics is less than the critical value, then it is (statistically
significant/not statistically significant)
not statistically significant
what test should be used for continuous or ordinal dependent variable with
two independent groups?
Mann Whitney U
assumptions for a Mann Whitney U test
the two categories must be independent
when is a Mann Whitney U test used for a continuous dependent variable?
, Page 2 of 8
when they do not meet the assumptions for the t-test (not normally distributed)
A study on renal failure enrolls 65 participants per arm and wants to compare
their baseline stage of renal disease (mild, moderate, severe). What test would
you use?
Mann Whitney U: ordinal outcome with two independent groups
A study on medication box use enrolls 20 participants per arm. Which test
would you use to compare their age?
Mann Whitney U: cannot determine normality with only 20 participants
what test should be used when comparing a sample mean to a population
mean?
1-group t-test
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with one
independent group?
paired t-test
assumptions for paired t-test
must be normally distributed
what test should be used for an ordinal dependent variable with one
independent group (paired ordinal samples)
wilcoxon signed-rank test
when can a wilcoxan signed-rank test be used for continuous dependent
variables?
when they do not meet the assumptions for the t-test (not normally distributed)
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with three or
more independent groups
ANOVA (omnibus)
assumptions for ANOVA test
must be normally distributed and have equal variance
T/F: when an ANOVA test is significant, we can then move on to pair-wise
testing
true
what is a 1-way ANOVA
compares the means of 3 or more groups
what test should be used for an ordinal dependent variable with three or more
independent groups
Biostatistics Hypothesis Testing 2025- 2026 Review GRADED A+ QUESTIONS
WIT H CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with two
independent groups?
independent groups T-test
what assumptions are made when using an independent groups T-test?
the two categories are independent and must be normally distributed
how do you determine if something is normally distributed?
want at least 30 people per arm
when there is ___ variability, it is very likely to be statistically significant
low
what is standard error of the difference between the means?
indicates the amount of variation in the sampling. Need to combine the two standard
errors (pooled)
what is degrees of freedom?
what is used to determine what our critical value is that we are comparing our test
statistic against
if the test statistics is less than the critical value, then it is (statistically
significant/not statistically significant)
not statistically significant
what test should be used for continuous or ordinal dependent variable with
two independent groups?
Mann Whitney U
assumptions for a Mann Whitney U test
the two categories must be independent
when is a Mann Whitney U test used for a continuous dependent variable?
, Page 2 of 8
when they do not meet the assumptions for the t-test (not normally distributed)
A study on renal failure enrolls 65 participants per arm and wants to compare
their baseline stage of renal disease (mild, moderate, severe). What test would
you use?
Mann Whitney U: ordinal outcome with two independent groups
A study on medication box use enrolls 20 participants per arm. Which test
would you use to compare their age?
Mann Whitney U: cannot determine normality with only 20 participants
what test should be used when comparing a sample mean to a population
mean?
1-group t-test
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with one
independent group?
paired t-test
assumptions for paired t-test
must be normally distributed
what test should be used for an ordinal dependent variable with one
independent group (paired ordinal samples)
wilcoxon signed-rank test
when can a wilcoxan signed-rank test be used for continuous dependent
variables?
when they do not meet the assumptions for the t-test (not normally distributed)
what test should be used for a continuous dependent variable with three or
more independent groups
ANOVA (omnibus)
assumptions for ANOVA test
must be normally distributed and have equal variance
T/F: when an ANOVA test is significant, we can then move on to pair-wise
testing
true
what is a 1-way ANOVA
compares the means of 3 or more groups
what test should be used for an ordinal dependent variable with three or more
independent groups
