NR 341/ NR341 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH EXAM 1
LATEST EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A +
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a severe acute asthma
exacerbation. The client is tachypneic, wheezing, and has an oxygen
saturation of 88%. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
prioritize?
A) Administering a prescribed oral corticosteroid.
B) Obtaining a detailed medical history.
C) Administering a prescribed inhaled bronchodilator.
D) Educating the client on asthma triggers.
E) Performing a comprehensive nutritional assessment.
Correct Answer: C) Administering a prescribed inhaled bronchodilator.
Rationale: Using the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) priority
framework, the client's severe asthma exacerbation and hypoxemia
indicate an immediate need for improved breathing. An inhaled
bronchodilator will act rapidly to open the airways and improve
oxygenation, making it the highest priority. Other actions are
important but not immediate life-saving interventions.
Question 2
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with shortness of breath,
crackles in the lungs, and peripheral edema. The nurse notes a weight gain
of 3 kg (6.6 lbs) in 24 hours. The client is likely experiencing:
A) Hypovolemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Fluid volume excess
D) Dehydration
E) Hypokalemia
Correct Answer: C) Fluid volume excess
Rationale: Shortness of breath, crackles, peripheral edema, and rapid
weight gain are classic signs of fluid volume excess (hypervolemia),
often seen in conditions like heart failure where the body retains
too much fluid.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a client who has been vomiting profusely for 24 hours.
The client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.50, PaCO2 40 mmHg,
HCO3 30 mEq/L. The nurse interprets these results as:
A) Respiratory acidosis
,B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis
E) Compensated metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: D) Metabolic alkalosis
Rationale: The pH of 7.50 is alkalotic (normal 7.35-7.45). The PaCO2
of 40 mmHg is normal (35-45). The HCO3 of 30 mEq/L is elevated
(normal 22-26), indicating a metabolic component. Profuse vomiting
leads to a loss of gastric acid (hydrogen ions), causing metabolic
alkalosis.
Question 4
Which of the following findings would be a priority concern for a client
receiving continuous intravenous opioid infusion for pain management?
A) Constipation
B) Pruritus
C) Respiratory depression
D) Nausea
E) Drowsiness (easily aroused)
Correct Answer: C) Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioid-induced respiratory depression is the most serious
and life-threatening adverse effect of opioid therapy. While
constipation, pruritus, nausea, and drowsiness are common, they
are not immediately life-threatening. The nurse must prioritize
monitoring respiratory status.
Question 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous potassium chloride (KCl)
infusion to a client with hypokalemia. Which of the following is a crucial
safety intervention for the nurse to implement?
A) Administer KCl as an IV push for rapid correction.
B) Administer undiluted KCl.
C) Infuse KCl at a rate no faster than 10 mEq/hour (peripheral line).
D) Administer KCl through a central line only.
E) Discontinue continuous cardiac monitoring during infusion.
Correct Answer: C) Infuse KCl at a rate no faster than 10 mEq/hour
(peripheral line).
Rationale: Potassium chloride should NEVER be administered as an IV
push or undiluted due to the risk of fatal cardiac dysrhythmias. The
infusion rate should not exceed 10 mEq/hour via a peripheral line,
, and continuous cardiac monitoring is essential during infusion.
While central lines can be used, it's not the only way to administer.
Question 6
A client with sepsis suddenly develops a blood pressure of 80/40 mmHg,
heart rate of 120 bpm, and a weak, thready pulse. The nurse recognizes
these findings as indicative of which type of shock?
A) Cardiogenic shock
B) Anaphylactic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Septic shock
E) Neurogenic shock
Correct Answer: D) Septic shock
Rationale: Sepsis progressing to severe hypotension despite
adequate fluid resuscitation is characteristic of septic shock. The
body's inflammatory response causes widespread vasodilation and
increased capillary permeability, leading to fluid shifts and
inadequate tissue perfusion.
Question 7
A nurse is delegating tasks to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the
following tasks is appropriate for the nurse to delegate?
A) Teaching a client about their new diabetes diagnosis.
B) Administering a subcutaneous insulin injection.
C) Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen.
D) Performing a comprehensive head-to-toe assessment.
E) Interpreting a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm.
Correct Answer: C) Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen.
Rationale: Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen is a routine task
that falls within the scope of practice for an AP. Teaching,
administering medications, performing comprehensive assessments,
and interpreting diagnostic tests require the specialized knowledge
and skills of a licensed nurse.
Question 8
Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of hypocalcemia?
A) Muscle weakness
B) Decreased deep tendon reflexes
C) Positive Chvostek's sign
D) Kidney stones
E) Bone pain
LATEST EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A +
Question 1
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a severe acute asthma
exacerbation. The client is tachypneic, wheezing, and has an oxygen
saturation of 88%. Which of the following interventions should the nurse
prioritize?
A) Administering a prescribed oral corticosteroid.
B) Obtaining a detailed medical history.
C) Administering a prescribed inhaled bronchodilator.
D) Educating the client on asthma triggers.
E) Performing a comprehensive nutritional assessment.
Correct Answer: C) Administering a prescribed inhaled bronchodilator.
Rationale: Using the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) priority
framework, the client's severe asthma exacerbation and hypoxemia
indicate an immediate need for improved breathing. An inhaled
bronchodilator will act rapidly to open the airways and improve
oxygenation, making it the highest priority. Other actions are
important but not immediate life-saving interventions.
Question 2
A client with a history of heart failure is admitted with shortness of breath,
crackles in the lungs, and peripheral edema. The nurse notes a weight gain
of 3 kg (6.6 lbs) in 24 hours. The client is likely experiencing:
A) Hypovolemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Fluid volume excess
D) Dehydration
E) Hypokalemia
Correct Answer: C) Fluid volume excess
Rationale: Shortness of breath, crackles, peripheral edema, and rapid
weight gain are classic signs of fluid volume excess (hypervolemia),
often seen in conditions like heart failure where the body retains
too much fluid.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a client who has been vomiting profusely for 24 hours.
The client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.50, PaCO2 40 mmHg,
HCO3 30 mEq/L. The nurse interprets these results as:
A) Respiratory acidosis
,B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Metabolic alkalosis
E) Compensated metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: D) Metabolic alkalosis
Rationale: The pH of 7.50 is alkalotic (normal 7.35-7.45). The PaCO2
of 40 mmHg is normal (35-45). The HCO3 of 30 mEq/L is elevated
(normal 22-26), indicating a metabolic component. Profuse vomiting
leads to a loss of gastric acid (hydrogen ions), causing metabolic
alkalosis.
Question 4
Which of the following findings would be a priority concern for a client
receiving continuous intravenous opioid infusion for pain management?
A) Constipation
B) Pruritus
C) Respiratory depression
D) Nausea
E) Drowsiness (easily aroused)
Correct Answer: C) Respiratory depression
Rationale: Opioid-induced respiratory depression is the most serious
and life-threatening adverse effect of opioid therapy. While
constipation, pruritus, nausea, and drowsiness are common, they
are not immediately life-threatening. The nurse must prioritize
monitoring respiratory status.
Question 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous potassium chloride (KCl)
infusion to a client with hypokalemia. Which of the following is a crucial
safety intervention for the nurse to implement?
A) Administer KCl as an IV push for rapid correction.
B) Administer undiluted KCl.
C) Infuse KCl at a rate no faster than 10 mEq/hour (peripheral line).
D) Administer KCl through a central line only.
E) Discontinue continuous cardiac monitoring during infusion.
Correct Answer: C) Infuse KCl at a rate no faster than 10 mEq/hour
(peripheral line).
Rationale: Potassium chloride should NEVER be administered as an IV
push or undiluted due to the risk of fatal cardiac dysrhythmias. The
infusion rate should not exceed 10 mEq/hour via a peripheral line,
, and continuous cardiac monitoring is essential during infusion.
While central lines can be used, it's not the only way to administer.
Question 6
A client with sepsis suddenly develops a blood pressure of 80/40 mmHg,
heart rate of 120 bpm, and a weak, thready pulse. The nurse recognizes
these findings as indicative of which type of shock?
A) Cardiogenic shock
B) Anaphylactic shock
C) Hypovolemic shock
D) Septic shock
E) Neurogenic shock
Correct Answer: D) Septic shock
Rationale: Sepsis progressing to severe hypotension despite
adequate fluid resuscitation is characteristic of septic shock. The
body's inflammatory response causes widespread vasodilation and
increased capillary permeability, leading to fluid shifts and
inadequate tissue perfusion.
Question 7
A nurse is delegating tasks to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the
following tasks is appropriate for the nurse to delegate?
A) Teaching a client about their new diabetes diagnosis.
B) Administering a subcutaneous insulin injection.
C) Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen.
D) Performing a comprehensive head-to-toe assessment.
E) Interpreting a client's electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm.
Correct Answer: C) Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen.
Rationale: Obtaining a clean-catch urine specimen is a routine task
that falls within the scope of practice for an AP. Teaching,
administering medications, performing comprehensive assessments,
and interpreting diagnostic tests require the specialized knowledge
and skills of a licensed nurse.
Question 8
Which clinical manifestation is a classic sign of hypocalcemia?
A) Muscle weakness
B) Decreased deep tendon reflexes
C) Positive Chvostek's sign
D) Kidney stones
E) Bone pain
