NUR3028 Exam 1 Study Guide
Questions and Actual Verified
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Chapter 29 Infection Control - Answer
Infection - Answer The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or microorganisms; results
in disease.
Colonization - Answer Presence and growth of microorganisms within a host without tissue
invasion or damage.
Communicable Disease - Answer The infectious process transmitted from one person to
another.
Symptomatic - Answer Clinical signs and symptoms are present.
Asymptomatic - Answer Clinical signs and symptoms are not present.
Chain of Infection Elements - Answer -infectious agent or pathogen
-reservoirs or source for pathogen growth
-portal of exit
-mode of transmission
-portal of entry
-susceptible host
Chain of Infection Cycle - Answer Portal of entry-->Host-->Infectious agent-->Reservoir-->
Portal of exit-->Mode of transmission-->Portal of entry
Infectious Process (4 stages) - Answer -Incubation period
-Prodromal stage
-Illness stage
,Systemic Infection - Answer Infection that affects the entire body instead of a single organ or
part. Can be fatal if untreated or undetected.
Defenses Against Infection - Answer -Normal Flora
-Body System Defenses
-Inflammation
Normal Flora - Answer -Microorganisms
-Maintain a sensitive balance with other microorganisms to prevent infection.
-Any factor that disrupts this balance places a person at increased risk for acquiring a disease.
Body System Defenses - Answer Each organ system has defense mechanisms physiologically
suited for specific structure and function.
Inflammation - Answer -Protective vascular reaction that delivers fluids, blood products, and
nutrients to area of injury.
-Signs of local inflammation and infection are identical.
-Vascular and cellular response.
-Exudates: fluid and cells that are discharged from cells or blood vessels: serous, sanguineous,
or purulent.
-Tissue repair.
Health Care Associated Infections - Answer -Results from delivery of health services in a health
care facility.
-Patients at greater risk: multiple illnesses, older adults, poorly nourished, and compromised
immune system.
Latrogenic - Answer HAI from a procedure.
Exogenous - Answer HAI from microorganisms outside the individual.
Endogenous - Answer HAI when the patients flora becomes altered and an overgrowth occurs.
, Nursing Process: Assessment (Infection) - Answer -Thorough investigation
-Defense mechanisms, susceptibility, and knowledge of how infections are transmitted.
-Review of systems and travel history.
-Immunizations and vaccinations.
-Early recognition of risk factors.
-See through patients eyes; status of defense mechanisms, patient susceptibility (medical
therapy), and clinical appearance (signs and symptoms).
Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis (Infection) - Answer -Risk for infection
-Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
-Impaired oral mucous membranes
-Risk for impaired skin integrity
-Social isolation
-Impaired tissue integrity
-Readiness for enhanced immunization status.
Nursing Process: Planning (Infection) - Answer -Goals and outcomes
-Preventing exposure to infectious organisms
-Controlling or reducing the extent of infection
-Maintaining resistance to infection
-Verbalizing understanding of infection prevention and techniques (e.g. hand hygiene)
-Establishing priorities for each diagnosis and for related goals of care.
-Teamwork and collaboration
Nursing Process: Implemation (Infection) - Answer -Health promotion: preventing an infection
from developing or spreading
-Acute Care: treating an infectious process includes eliminating the infectious organisms and
supporting the patient's defenses.
-Asepsis: absence of pathogenic (disease-producing) microorganisms, medical asepsis, standard
precautions, hand hygiene, and alcohol based hand rub.
-Cleaning: removal of all soil and use protective eye ware and gloves.
Questions and Actual Verified
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Chapter 29 Infection Control - Answer
Infection - Answer The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or microorganisms; results
in disease.
Colonization - Answer Presence and growth of microorganisms within a host without tissue
invasion or damage.
Communicable Disease - Answer The infectious process transmitted from one person to
another.
Symptomatic - Answer Clinical signs and symptoms are present.
Asymptomatic - Answer Clinical signs and symptoms are not present.
Chain of Infection Elements - Answer -infectious agent or pathogen
-reservoirs or source for pathogen growth
-portal of exit
-mode of transmission
-portal of entry
-susceptible host
Chain of Infection Cycle - Answer Portal of entry-->Host-->Infectious agent-->Reservoir-->
Portal of exit-->Mode of transmission-->Portal of entry
Infectious Process (4 stages) - Answer -Incubation period
-Prodromal stage
-Illness stage
,Systemic Infection - Answer Infection that affects the entire body instead of a single organ or
part. Can be fatal if untreated or undetected.
Defenses Against Infection - Answer -Normal Flora
-Body System Defenses
-Inflammation
Normal Flora - Answer -Microorganisms
-Maintain a sensitive balance with other microorganisms to prevent infection.
-Any factor that disrupts this balance places a person at increased risk for acquiring a disease.
Body System Defenses - Answer Each organ system has defense mechanisms physiologically
suited for specific structure and function.
Inflammation - Answer -Protective vascular reaction that delivers fluids, blood products, and
nutrients to area of injury.
-Signs of local inflammation and infection are identical.
-Vascular and cellular response.
-Exudates: fluid and cells that are discharged from cells or blood vessels: serous, sanguineous,
or purulent.
-Tissue repair.
Health Care Associated Infections - Answer -Results from delivery of health services in a health
care facility.
-Patients at greater risk: multiple illnesses, older adults, poorly nourished, and compromised
immune system.
Latrogenic - Answer HAI from a procedure.
Exogenous - Answer HAI from microorganisms outside the individual.
Endogenous - Answer HAI when the patients flora becomes altered and an overgrowth occurs.
, Nursing Process: Assessment (Infection) - Answer -Thorough investigation
-Defense mechanisms, susceptibility, and knowledge of how infections are transmitted.
-Review of systems and travel history.
-Immunizations and vaccinations.
-Early recognition of risk factors.
-See through patients eyes; status of defense mechanisms, patient susceptibility (medical
therapy), and clinical appearance (signs and symptoms).
Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis (Infection) - Answer -Risk for infection
-Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
-Impaired oral mucous membranes
-Risk for impaired skin integrity
-Social isolation
-Impaired tissue integrity
-Readiness for enhanced immunization status.
Nursing Process: Planning (Infection) - Answer -Goals and outcomes
-Preventing exposure to infectious organisms
-Controlling or reducing the extent of infection
-Maintaining resistance to infection
-Verbalizing understanding of infection prevention and techniques (e.g. hand hygiene)
-Establishing priorities for each diagnosis and for related goals of care.
-Teamwork and collaboration
Nursing Process: Implemation (Infection) - Answer -Health promotion: preventing an infection
from developing or spreading
-Acute Care: treating an infectious process includes eliminating the infectious organisms and
supporting the patient's defenses.
-Asepsis: absence of pathogenic (disease-producing) microorganisms, medical asepsis, standard
precautions, hand hygiene, and alcohol based hand rub.
-Cleaning: removal of all soil and use protective eye ware and gloves.
