BSC2011- Exam 1 |148 Questions and Answers
3 Domains - -Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria
-Mitochondria & Chloroplasts derived from... - -Bacteria
-Endosymbiosis - -1 bacterium engulfs the other
-Lateral transfer - -genes move from one species to another (happens in endosymbiosis)
-Which stage of endosymbiosis produced the 1st photosynthetic eukaryotes? - -Primary
endosymbiosis
-Primary Symbiosis - -Chloroplast has 2 membranes; a cyanobacterium was engulfed
-Primary endosymbiosis gave rise to... - -red algae, green algae, & land plants
-Secondary endosymbiosis - -chloroplast has 3 membranes
-Tertiary endosymbiosis - -Dinoflagellate lost its chloroplast & took up another protist
that acquired its chloroplast through secondary endosymbiosis
-Plantae - -The clade of eukarotic life w/ chloroplasts derived form primary
endosymbiosis
-What bacteria uses chlorophyll A to produce O2 - -Cyanobacteria
-Who discovered archaea using phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal RNA? - -Carl Woese
-Is Eukarya a clade? - -yes
-Are archaea a clade? - -no
-Photoautotrophs - -Organisms that use light to generate ATP for carbon fixation
(photosynthesis)
-Sporophyte - -multicellular diploid organism
-Advantages of the sporophyte - -Diploid body is more resistant to drying out; genetic
advantage of diploid; will produce many sporangia
-Gametes are haploid or diploid? - -Haploid
-Where are gametes produced? - -In the antheridium & archegonium from the gametangia
, -Spores haploid or diploid? - -Diploid
-Where are spores produced - -sporangia
-Are bryophytes a clade? - -no
-What makes up the bryophytes? - -Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts
-Are the bryophytes a clade? - -no
-Are bryophytes vascular or nonvascular? - -nonvascular land plants
-How do bryophytes survive on land? - -Live in moist habitats
-Dominant life form in the bryophytes - -gametophyte
-Are both the sporphyte and gametophyte independent? - -No. The sporophyte is
dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition and usually remains attached
-Motile sperm in the bryophytes? - -yes
-Green, flat leaf-like gametophytes - -liverworts
-In liverworts, are the sporophyte independent on the gametophyte? - -No. Remains
attached to larger gametophyte
-Do liverwarts have a stomata or internal water conduction? - -no
-Liverworts reproduce sexually or asexually? - -both
-When liverworts reproduce asexually, what do they produce and where - -Produce
gemmae in gemma cups
-Function of rhizoids - -anchor liverworts to where they grow
-Function of elaters - -assist in dispersal of spores
-Erect, leafy gametophytes - -mosses
-Is the sporophyte dependent on gametophyte in mosses? - -yes
-Do mosses have a stomata? - -yes
-Function of peristome teeth - -allows gradual spore dispersal; change shape w/ humidity
and line the apex of the capsule
3 Domains - -Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria
-Mitochondria & Chloroplasts derived from... - -Bacteria
-Endosymbiosis - -1 bacterium engulfs the other
-Lateral transfer - -genes move from one species to another (happens in endosymbiosis)
-Which stage of endosymbiosis produced the 1st photosynthetic eukaryotes? - -Primary
endosymbiosis
-Primary Symbiosis - -Chloroplast has 2 membranes; a cyanobacterium was engulfed
-Primary endosymbiosis gave rise to... - -red algae, green algae, & land plants
-Secondary endosymbiosis - -chloroplast has 3 membranes
-Tertiary endosymbiosis - -Dinoflagellate lost its chloroplast & took up another protist
that acquired its chloroplast through secondary endosymbiosis
-Plantae - -The clade of eukarotic life w/ chloroplasts derived form primary
endosymbiosis
-What bacteria uses chlorophyll A to produce O2 - -Cyanobacteria
-Who discovered archaea using phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal RNA? - -Carl Woese
-Is Eukarya a clade? - -yes
-Are archaea a clade? - -no
-Photoautotrophs - -Organisms that use light to generate ATP for carbon fixation
(photosynthesis)
-Sporophyte - -multicellular diploid organism
-Advantages of the sporophyte - -Diploid body is more resistant to drying out; genetic
advantage of diploid; will produce many sporangia
-Gametes are haploid or diploid? - -Haploid
-Where are gametes produced? - -In the antheridium & archegonium from the gametangia
, -Spores haploid or diploid? - -Diploid
-Where are spores produced - -sporangia
-Are bryophytes a clade? - -no
-What makes up the bryophytes? - -Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts
-Are the bryophytes a clade? - -no
-Are bryophytes vascular or nonvascular? - -nonvascular land plants
-How do bryophytes survive on land? - -Live in moist habitats
-Dominant life form in the bryophytes - -gametophyte
-Are both the sporphyte and gametophyte independent? - -No. The sporophyte is
dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition and usually remains attached
-Motile sperm in the bryophytes? - -yes
-Green, flat leaf-like gametophytes - -liverworts
-In liverworts, are the sporophyte independent on the gametophyte? - -No. Remains
attached to larger gametophyte
-Do liverwarts have a stomata or internal water conduction? - -no
-Liverworts reproduce sexually or asexually? - -both
-When liverworts reproduce asexually, what do they produce and where - -Produce
gemmae in gemma cups
-Function of rhizoids - -anchor liverworts to where they grow
-Function of elaters - -assist in dispersal of spores
-Erect, leafy gametophytes - -mosses
-Is the sporophyte dependent on gametophyte in mosses? - -yes
-Do mosses have a stomata? - -yes
-Function of peristome teeth - -allows gradual spore dispersal; change shape w/ humidity
and line the apex of the capsule
