UIC-PSYCH 242 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Psychology ? - Answer -The study of human mind and behavior. Scientific discipline.
How do people, in general, acquire knowledge? - Answer -1. Tenacity
2.Intuition
3.Authority
4.Empiricism
5.Rationalism
What is Tenacity?
examples? - Answer -to accept a conventional idea as valid knowledge, despite what
evidence might or might not suggest it.
Example 1: Belief that women are not as intelligent as men. This was proven wrong by
human IQ.
What is Intuition?
examples? - Answer -rapid assessment based on unexamined experiences, attitudes,
and feelings.
Ex. You "Feel" bitcoin may rise tomorrow.
What is authority?
Advantage(+)? Disadvantage(-)? - Answer -Acceptance of ideas as valid b/c a
respected source such as the Bible, Freud, or the president claims they are true.
+.people with extensive experience & knowledge have important insights.
-.highly susceptible to political bias
What is empiricism?
examples? - Answer -gaining knowledge through observation
ex. Pavlov observed his dog salivating at the sound of a bell after the bell tone was
associated with the sight of food.
What is rationalism?
examples? Limitation? - Answer -knowledge acquired through reasoning.
ex. all birds have wings (major Premise ) A robin is a bird (minor premise)
Limitation: the major or minor may not be true.
Science is..? - Answer -A combination of Empiricism(observation) and Rationalism
(Rationalism)
, What is the focus of science and description?
examples? - Answer -Careful descriptions of the world can substantially change our
knowledge or understanding
example: Galileo's experiment (imperial experiment).
Qualitative? - Answer -simple observation that describes what goes on in "the wild".
Addressed lived experience, the sight, sound and feel of participants worlds.
Quantitative? - Answer -Captures mathematical or numerical characteristics of nature.
Tracking patterns or systems using numbers
What are the Goals of Science? - Answer -1. Descriptive & explanation
2.Prediction-through development of scientific theories
3.Control-Apply findings or theories.
Examples of Qualitative Description? - Answer -Sociology, Anthropology, archival
records, participant observation.
Examples of Quantitative Description? - Answer -Surveys, polls, Archival data (crime
reports), Physical observations
Example of Theory & interventions? - Answer -Theory of smoking involves social
networks: people are influenced by their friends smoking.
Intervention study of smoking cessation showed that having people quit with their
friends is more effective than quitting by themselves.
What is assumption v.s assumption of Science? - Answer -assumptions: they're
accepted w/o proof.
assumptions of science: a true physical universe exists. Principles that define the
functioning of the universe can be discovered. All ideas are tentative, potentially
changed by new information.
What are Facts? - Answer --Events that can be observed
-Most facts are of psych are behaviors
What are constructs?
examples? - Answer -Inferred from observations, made to explain the observations.
examples: memory, emotion, personality.
Inductive thinking?
Examples? - Answer -Going from a specific instance to the general theory.
Psychology ? - Answer -The study of human mind and behavior. Scientific discipline.
How do people, in general, acquire knowledge? - Answer -1. Tenacity
2.Intuition
3.Authority
4.Empiricism
5.Rationalism
What is Tenacity?
examples? - Answer -to accept a conventional idea as valid knowledge, despite what
evidence might or might not suggest it.
Example 1: Belief that women are not as intelligent as men. This was proven wrong by
human IQ.
What is Intuition?
examples? - Answer -rapid assessment based on unexamined experiences, attitudes,
and feelings.
Ex. You "Feel" bitcoin may rise tomorrow.
What is authority?
Advantage(+)? Disadvantage(-)? - Answer -Acceptance of ideas as valid b/c a
respected source such as the Bible, Freud, or the president claims they are true.
+.people with extensive experience & knowledge have important insights.
-.highly susceptible to political bias
What is empiricism?
examples? - Answer -gaining knowledge through observation
ex. Pavlov observed his dog salivating at the sound of a bell after the bell tone was
associated with the sight of food.
What is rationalism?
examples? Limitation? - Answer -knowledge acquired through reasoning.
ex. all birds have wings (major Premise ) A robin is a bird (minor premise)
Limitation: the major or minor may not be true.
Science is..? - Answer -A combination of Empiricism(observation) and Rationalism
(Rationalism)
, What is the focus of science and description?
examples? - Answer -Careful descriptions of the world can substantially change our
knowledge or understanding
example: Galileo's experiment (imperial experiment).
Qualitative? - Answer -simple observation that describes what goes on in "the wild".
Addressed lived experience, the sight, sound and feel of participants worlds.
Quantitative? - Answer -Captures mathematical or numerical characteristics of nature.
Tracking patterns or systems using numbers
What are the Goals of Science? - Answer -1. Descriptive & explanation
2.Prediction-through development of scientific theories
3.Control-Apply findings or theories.
Examples of Qualitative Description? - Answer -Sociology, Anthropology, archival
records, participant observation.
Examples of Quantitative Description? - Answer -Surveys, polls, Archival data (crime
reports), Physical observations
Example of Theory & interventions? - Answer -Theory of smoking involves social
networks: people are influenced by their friends smoking.
Intervention study of smoking cessation showed that having people quit with their
friends is more effective than quitting by themselves.
What is assumption v.s assumption of Science? - Answer -assumptions: they're
accepted w/o proof.
assumptions of science: a true physical universe exists. Principles that define the
functioning of the universe can be discovered. All ideas are tentative, potentially
changed by new information.
What are Facts? - Answer --Events that can be observed
-Most facts are of psych are behaviors
What are constructs?
examples? - Answer -Inferred from observations, made to explain the observations.
examples: memory, emotion, personality.
Inductive thinking?
Examples? - Answer -Going from a specific instance to the general theory.
