Clinical Imaging 3rd Edition Marchiori Test Bank
Chapter 01: Plain Radiographic Imaging
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Because electron potential energy is greater the farther away a bound electron is from the
nucleus, what results from an outer shell electron falling into an inner shell vacancy?
a. The size of the nucleus increases.
b. The atomic weight of the element increases.
c. The binding energy of the outer shell electron decreases.
d. Electromagnetic energy is released.
e. The nucleus emits a proton.
ANS: D
2. How much energy is released when a K-characteristic x-ray is emitted from a given element?
a. The difference in binding energy between a K-shell electron and an L-shell
electron.
b. Energy equal to the kVp.
c. The sum of the energies of the K-shell electron and the L-shell electron.
d. Energy equal to the potential energy of the K-shell electron.
e. No energy.
ANS: A
3. Select the entire energy range that represents diagnostic x-rays.
a. 70 kilo-electron volts (T
keEVS)TtoB9A0NkKeV
S
b. 40 keV to 125 keV
c. 40 keV to 150 keV
d. 70 keV to 150 keV
e. 125 keV to 300 keV
ANS: C
4. A scattered x-ray is an x-ray that .
a. has changed direction with a resulting increase in frequency and decrease in
wavelength
b. has changed direction with no subsequent change in frequency or wavelength
c. has changed direction with an increase in both frequency and wavelength
d. leaks out of the x-ray tube housing
e. changes direction with a resulting increase in wavelength and decrease in
frequency
ANS: E
5. Select the relationship of wavelength to frequency in an electromagnetic waveform.
a. Directly proportional
b. Inversely proportional
c. No relationship
ANS: B
, 6. Which statement is true of the anode heel effect?
a. The intensity of the x-ray beam is greater on the anode side of the tube.
b. The heel effect is more evident when using the small focal spot.
c. The heel effect is less evident at longer focal film distances.
d. The heel effect is more evident with smaller exposure areas.
e. Filtration minimizes the heel effect.
ANS: C
7. Which of the following is a variable aperture beam-limiting device?
a. Aperture diaphragm
b. Cone
c. Cylinder
d. Collimator
e. None of the above
ANS: D
8. Which one of the following controls the initiation of electron flow from cathode to anode?
a. Rotor switch
b. mA control knob
c. Timer
d. Line voltage compensator
e. Exposure switch
ANS: E
9. Choose the electrical requirements necessary to operate a 300/125 x-ray machine that is
hard-wired into a chiropractic office in the United States.
a. 110 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; AC
b. 110 volts; 60 amps; 60 Hz; AC
c. 220 volts; 20 amps; 60 Hz; DC
d. 220 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; AC
e. 220 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; DC
ANS: D
10. A lateral cervical spine view is taken at a 40-inch FFD using 70 kVp, 100 mAs, and .2 second.
If the FFD were changed to 60 inches, which of the following techniques would produce the
same exposure to the film as the original?
a. 100 mA, .5 second, 70 kVp
b. 300 mA, .15 second, 70 kVp
c. 300 mA, .1 second, 70 kVp
d. 200 mA, .044 second, 70 kVp
e. 100m A, .088 second, 70 kVp
ANS: B
11. According to federal standards, a 90-kVp beam requires which of the following measurements
to be the equivalent of aluminum of total filtration to minimize soft radiation exposure to
patients?
, a. 1.0 mm
b. 1.5 mm
c. 2.0 mm
d. 2.5 mm
e. 3.0 mm
ANS: D
12. Which type of generator will produce the greatest effective tube current when identical
exposure factors are used?
a. Single-phase, half-wave rectified
b. Single-phase, full-wave rectified
c. Three-phase, six-pulse
d. Three-phase, twelve-pulse
e. 100 KHz high frequency
ANS: E
13. What is the function of the high voltage circuit within the x-ray tube?
a. To drive electrons from cathode to anode
b. To select filament size
c. To create a space charge for x-ray production
d. To rectify filament current
e. To activate the rotor
ANS: A
14. Why is rectification of ACTtoES
DTCBim
ApNoKrtS
anEt L
toLtE
heRo.pC
erOatMion of the x-ray tube?
a. To reduce the heel effect
b. To help maintain a small effective focal spot
c. To save on electricity
d. To protect the cathode side of the tube from electron bombardment
e. To reduce the electrical load on the anode
ANS: D
15. The penetration of the x-ray beam is increased under which condition?
a. As kVp is decreased
b. As kVp is increased
c. As mA is decreased
d. As mA is increased
e. As time is increased
ANS: B
16. Which of the following combinations would produce the smallest effective focal spot?
a. Using the large filament with a small anode angle
b. Using the small filament with a small anode angle
c. Using a small filament with a large anode angle
d. Using a large filament with a large anode angle
e. Using a small filament and no focusing cup
, ANS: B
17. Which of the following control console selectors determines focal spot selection?
a. kVp
b. Rotor
c. mA
d. Timer
e. Line voltage compensator
ANS: C
18. Where does controlled thermionic emission physically take place?
a. Anode
b. Focusing cup
c. Rotor
d. Stator
e. Cathode filament
ANS: E
19. Select the advantage automatic exposure control (AEC) has over other methods of
determining x-ray exposure time.
a. Requires less exposure time than other methods to produce the same radiographic
results.
b. Results in less patient dose from soft radiation.
c. Accounts for variations in patient density in determining appropriate exposure
time.
d. Requires no clinical knT oE
wSleT
dgBeAoN
fKthS
eEroLleLoEf R
m.ACaOnM
d kVp.
e. Demonstrates no dramatic advantage over manual methods of determining
exposure time.
ANS: C
20. Which component part is designed specifically to prevent leakage radiation?
a. Tube housing
b. Glass x-ray tube
c. Collimator
d. Added filtration
e. Transformer assembly
ANS: A
21. What would result if a focusing cup were not employed in an x-ray tube?
a. The heel effect would be decreased.
b. Electrical loading of the anode would be increased.
c. Effective focal spot sizes would be considerably larger.
d. X-rays would be impossible to focus.
e. Nothing would change.
ANS: C
22. What advantage does a rotating anode tube have over a stationary anode tube?
Chapter 01: Plain Radiographic Imaging
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Because electron potential energy is greater the farther away a bound electron is from the
nucleus, what results from an outer shell electron falling into an inner shell vacancy?
a. The size of the nucleus increases.
b. The atomic weight of the element increases.
c. The binding energy of the outer shell electron decreases.
d. Electromagnetic energy is released.
e. The nucleus emits a proton.
ANS: D
2. How much energy is released when a K-characteristic x-ray is emitted from a given element?
a. The difference in binding energy between a K-shell electron and an L-shell
electron.
b. Energy equal to the kVp.
c. The sum of the energies of the K-shell electron and the L-shell electron.
d. Energy equal to the potential energy of the K-shell electron.
e. No energy.
ANS: A
3. Select the entire energy range that represents diagnostic x-rays.
a. 70 kilo-electron volts (T
keEVS)TtoB9A0NkKeV
S
b. 40 keV to 125 keV
c. 40 keV to 150 keV
d. 70 keV to 150 keV
e. 125 keV to 300 keV
ANS: C
4. A scattered x-ray is an x-ray that .
a. has changed direction with a resulting increase in frequency and decrease in
wavelength
b. has changed direction with no subsequent change in frequency or wavelength
c. has changed direction with an increase in both frequency and wavelength
d. leaks out of the x-ray tube housing
e. changes direction with a resulting increase in wavelength and decrease in
frequency
ANS: E
5. Select the relationship of wavelength to frequency in an electromagnetic waveform.
a. Directly proportional
b. Inversely proportional
c. No relationship
ANS: B
, 6. Which statement is true of the anode heel effect?
a. The intensity of the x-ray beam is greater on the anode side of the tube.
b. The heel effect is more evident when using the small focal spot.
c. The heel effect is less evident at longer focal film distances.
d. The heel effect is more evident with smaller exposure areas.
e. Filtration minimizes the heel effect.
ANS: C
7. Which of the following is a variable aperture beam-limiting device?
a. Aperture diaphragm
b. Cone
c. Cylinder
d. Collimator
e. None of the above
ANS: D
8. Which one of the following controls the initiation of electron flow from cathode to anode?
a. Rotor switch
b. mA control knob
c. Timer
d. Line voltage compensator
e. Exposure switch
ANS: E
9. Choose the electrical requirements necessary to operate a 300/125 x-ray machine that is
hard-wired into a chiropractic office in the United States.
a. 110 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; AC
b. 110 volts; 60 amps; 60 Hz; AC
c. 220 volts; 20 amps; 60 Hz; DC
d. 220 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; AC
e. 220 volts; 100 amps; 60 Hz; DC
ANS: D
10. A lateral cervical spine view is taken at a 40-inch FFD using 70 kVp, 100 mAs, and .2 second.
If the FFD were changed to 60 inches, which of the following techniques would produce the
same exposure to the film as the original?
a. 100 mA, .5 second, 70 kVp
b. 300 mA, .15 second, 70 kVp
c. 300 mA, .1 second, 70 kVp
d. 200 mA, .044 second, 70 kVp
e. 100m A, .088 second, 70 kVp
ANS: B
11. According to federal standards, a 90-kVp beam requires which of the following measurements
to be the equivalent of aluminum of total filtration to minimize soft radiation exposure to
patients?
, a. 1.0 mm
b. 1.5 mm
c. 2.0 mm
d. 2.5 mm
e. 3.0 mm
ANS: D
12. Which type of generator will produce the greatest effective tube current when identical
exposure factors are used?
a. Single-phase, half-wave rectified
b. Single-phase, full-wave rectified
c. Three-phase, six-pulse
d. Three-phase, twelve-pulse
e. 100 KHz high frequency
ANS: E
13. What is the function of the high voltage circuit within the x-ray tube?
a. To drive electrons from cathode to anode
b. To select filament size
c. To create a space charge for x-ray production
d. To rectify filament current
e. To activate the rotor
ANS: A
14. Why is rectification of ACTtoES
DTCBim
ApNoKrtS
anEt L
toLtE
heRo.pC
erOatMion of the x-ray tube?
a. To reduce the heel effect
b. To help maintain a small effective focal spot
c. To save on electricity
d. To protect the cathode side of the tube from electron bombardment
e. To reduce the electrical load on the anode
ANS: D
15. The penetration of the x-ray beam is increased under which condition?
a. As kVp is decreased
b. As kVp is increased
c. As mA is decreased
d. As mA is increased
e. As time is increased
ANS: B
16. Which of the following combinations would produce the smallest effective focal spot?
a. Using the large filament with a small anode angle
b. Using the small filament with a small anode angle
c. Using a small filament with a large anode angle
d. Using a large filament with a large anode angle
e. Using a small filament and no focusing cup
, ANS: B
17. Which of the following control console selectors determines focal spot selection?
a. kVp
b. Rotor
c. mA
d. Timer
e. Line voltage compensator
ANS: C
18. Where does controlled thermionic emission physically take place?
a. Anode
b. Focusing cup
c. Rotor
d. Stator
e. Cathode filament
ANS: E
19. Select the advantage automatic exposure control (AEC) has over other methods of
determining x-ray exposure time.
a. Requires less exposure time than other methods to produce the same radiographic
results.
b. Results in less patient dose from soft radiation.
c. Accounts for variations in patient density in determining appropriate exposure
time.
d. Requires no clinical knT oE
wSleT
dgBeAoN
fKthS
eEroLleLoEf R
m.ACaOnM
d kVp.
e. Demonstrates no dramatic advantage over manual methods of determining
exposure time.
ANS: C
20. Which component part is designed specifically to prevent leakage radiation?
a. Tube housing
b. Glass x-ray tube
c. Collimator
d. Added filtration
e. Transformer assembly
ANS: A
21. What would result if a focusing cup were not employed in an x-ray tube?
a. The heel effect would be decreased.
b. Electrical loading of the anode would be increased.
c. Effective focal spot sizes would be considerably larger.
d. X-rays would be impossible to focus.
e. Nothing would change.
ANS: C
22. What advantage does a rotating anode tube have over a stationary anode tube?
