Biology Midterm Questions & correct Answers
Already verified & Graded A+ 2025
Biology
the study of life
Homeostasis
balance or equilibrium
What are cells?
the basic units of life
hydrolysis
the breakdown of polymers into monomers
What are plasma (cell) membranes?
surrounds the cell
What do plasma membranes do?
allows things to move in and out of a cell
What cell types have plasma membranes?
all cells
Organelle
specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
,Tissue
group of similar cells that perform a particular function
Mitochondria
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more
convenient for the cell to use
Golgi Apparatus
organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic
reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell
membrane are assembled
Cilia
short hairlike projection that produces movement
Ribosome
cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein
synthesis
Nuclear Envelope
,the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell
Cell Wall
strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells
Chloroplast
An organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight
and converts it into chemical energy
Central Vacuole
a membrane-bound cavity within a cell, often containing a watery liquid or secretion
Compare the difference between plant cells and animal cells.
Plants-central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts
Animals-cytoskeleton, lysosome, small vacuoles
List the order of organization from the simplest to the most complex.
cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
Diffusion
process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area
where they are less concentrated
, Give an example of diffusion.
air freshener spreading throughout a room after sprayed
Osmosis
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Give an example of osmosis.
water crossing a cell membrane
Active Transport
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration.
requiring the consumption of energy
Passive Transport
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a higher to a lower concentration,
not requiring the consumption of energy
Facilitated Diffusion
process of diffusion in which molecule pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
Endocytosis
the transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle
Already verified & Graded A+ 2025
Biology
the study of life
Homeostasis
balance or equilibrium
What are cells?
the basic units of life
hydrolysis
the breakdown of polymers into monomers
What are plasma (cell) membranes?
surrounds the cell
What do plasma membranes do?
allows things to move in and out of a cell
What cell types have plasma membranes?
all cells
Organelle
specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
,Tissue
group of similar cells that perform a particular function
Mitochondria
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more
convenient for the cell to use
Golgi Apparatus
organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic
reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum
internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; place where lipid components of the cell
membrane are assembled
Cilia
short hairlike projection that produces movement
Ribosome
cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein
synthesis
Nuclear Envelope
,the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell
Cell Wall
strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells
Chloroplast
An organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight
and converts it into chemical energy
Central Vacuole
a membrane-bound cavity within a cell, often containing a watery liquid or secretion
Compare the difference between plant cells and animal cells.
Plants-central vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts
Animals-cytoskeleton, lysosome, small vacuoles
List the order of organization from the simplest to the most complex.
cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
Diffusion
process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area
where they are less concentrated
, Give an example of diffusion.
air freshener spreading throughout a room after sprayed
Osmosis
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Give an example of osmosis.
water crossing a cell membrane
Active Transport
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration.
requiring the consumption of energy
Passive Transport
the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a higher to a lower concentration,
not requiring the consumption of energy
Facilitated Diffusion
process of diffusion in which molecule pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
Endocytosis
the transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle
