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"you shouldn't eat spicy foods when BF" - CORRECT ANSWER: - many anthropologists
believe that the flavors of the culture are conveyed to the child through milk while
lactating
- children are acculturated to the taste of their native foods through BM
- longer duration of BF is associated with higher food variety at 3 years
- foods that do not taste familiar are more likely to be refused
10 steps for successful BF - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. have written BF policy that is
routinely communicated to all HC staff
2. train all HC staff in skills necessary to implement policy
3. inform all pregnant women about benefits and management of BF
4. help mothers initiate BF within 1 hr of birth (key: immediate s2s, uninterrupted and
continuing until completion of first feed)
5. show mothers how to BF and how to maintain lactation, even if they are separated
from their infants
6. give infants no food or drink other than BF unless medically indicated
7. practice "rooming-In" - allow mothers and infants to remain together 24 hours a day
(s2s and safe sleep suggestions to improve safety have been developed)
8. encourage BF on demand, encourage responsive feeding
9. give no pacifiers or artificial nipples to BF infants
10. foster the establishment of BF support groups and refer mothers to them on d/c from
hospital or clinic
4-6 months - CORRECT ANSWER: distractible
,- may need to move to quieter place
- regular naps?
- separation anxiety
- night feedings?
- teething
6-9 months - CORRECT ANSWER: - mobile
- teething
- regular naps?
- night feedings?
- playful
- long periods of concentration
- biting: need to explore why
9-12 months - CORRECT ANSWER: - stand and walk
- regular mealtimes and snack nursings
- nursing before bed and naps
AAP weight loss stance in 2005 - CORRECT ANSWER: "weight loss in the infant of
greater than 7% from birth weight indicates possible breastfeeding problems and
requires more intensive evaluation of breastfeeding and possible intervention to correct
problems and improve milk production and transfer"
AAP weight loss stance in 2012 - CORRECT ANSWER: added "evaluate body weight
gain - body weight loss no more than 7% from birth and no further weight loss by day
five: assess feeding and consider more frequent follow-up"
,AAP's policy statement on SIDS 2016 - CORRECT ANSWER: "consider pacifier use at
naptime and bedtime.. for breastfed infants, delay pacifier introduction until BF has been
firmly established"
ABM protocol #20 - CORRECT ANSWER: more time spent BF in the first 48 hours is
associated with less engorgement
abscess - CORRECT ANSWER: - pus, not milk
- as many as 60% may be positive for MRSA
- nursing on the other breast is possible
- no clear clinical consensus about nursing on breast with abscess before of after
"drainage"
- surgery may cut through ducts
- instead, drainage of breast abscess with ultra-sound technique has been shown to be
efficient and should be the first choice
according to IFPS II - CORRECT ANSWER: - 35% of pregnant women said their
workplace was very supportive of BF... but...
- 52% of PP women said their workplace was very supportive
- only about half of women in US are covered by the Family Medical Leave Act
achieving a healthy inter-pregnancy interval - CORRECT ANSWER: WHO
recommends:
- after a live birth, the recommended interval before attempting the next pregnancy is at
least 24 months in order to reduce the risk of adverse maternal, perinatal, and infant
outcomes
adult GI hormones - CORRECT ANSWER: also impacted by suckling
when mother suckles her gastrin and cholecystokinin go up. this increases the efficacy
of insulin and increases the storage of ingested nutrients
, after 1 year of lactation - CORRECT ANSWER: has significantly increased fat and
energy contents
after 15 months - CORRECT ANSWER: - part of self image
- my blanket, my carseat, my "milk"
- time to think of a public name
after 2 years - CORRECT ANSWER: - in the US, "closet" nursing
- normal in other cultures
- its changing!
alcohol impacts on BF - CORRECT ANSWER: - low level drinking during BF is not
linked with shorter BF duration or adverse outcomes up to 12 months of age
- questions remain about the effect on the infant when mother combines smoking and
drinking, especially binge drinking
- consuming alcohol in excess of two standard drinks per day during lactation was found
to be independently associated with shorter BF duration, even after consideration of
previously identified predictors of BF duration
alcohol when BF - CORRECT ANSWER: - studies show after drinking 0.4g/kg dose of
alcohol in OJ, oxytocin levels significantly decreased but prolactin levels increased
- in another study, alcohol completely blocked the release of oxytocin
- babies may not like the taste
- alcohol is water soluble, it passes in and out of the milk as her blood alcohol
increases, then decreases - it is NOT trapped in milk (pumping and dumping will not
remove the alcohol)
- another counseling issue is about the safety of the baby if the parent(s) are inebriated
or incapacitated