Photosynthesis in higher plants is the fundamental process where plants use light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose (food) and oxygen.

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
 Introduction:-
 Definition: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesize carbohydrates (like glucose)
from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O -- (light, chlorophyll) --> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Importance of Photosynthesis:

 Provides food (glucose) for plants and animals
 Produces oxygen necessary for respiration
 Maintains ecological balance

Priestley’s Experiment:-

 Experiment Setup




Figures (a) and (b):

A mouse is placed under a closed bell jar with a burning candle.

The candle goes out (oxygen gets used up) → the mouse eventually dies because of lack of oxygen.

This shows that air without oxygen cannot support life.

Figures (c) and (d):

A plant (like a mint) is placed along with the mouse and the burning candle under the bell jar.

1. Priestley placed a mouse in a glass jar with a burning candle.
 Result: Candle went out and mouse died.
 Reason: Oxygen was used up by candle, air became unfit for mouse.
2. He then placed a mint plant in the jar with the mouse and candle.
 Result: Candle continued burning and mouse stayed alive.
 Reason: Plant released oxygen, restoring the air.