MSN-FNP 570 Midterm
Inadequate blood supply to an organ, especially the heart muscles, leading to tissue damage -
ANSWER Ischemia
Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that provides energy for cellular processes - ANSWER ATP
Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt and essential for various physiological functions
- ANSWER NaCl
Highly reactive molecules that can cause cellular damage and contribute to the development of
diseases - ANSWER Free radicals
A range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, including hypertension and ischemic
heart disease - ANSWER Cardiovascular disease
A genetic mutation that alters the amino acid sequence in a protein, potentially affecting its
function - ANSWER Missense mutation
The natural process of shrinking or wasting away of a body part or tissue, such as the thymus
gland changes during childhood - ANSWER Physiologic atrophy
Cellular organelles that generate energy and play a crucial role in metabolism - ANSWER
Mitochondria
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule carrying genetic instructions for growth, development, and
reproduction - ANSWER DNA
A chronic condition resulting from the pancreas producing little or no insulin, leading to high
blood sugar levels - ANSWER Type one diabetes mellitus
, Cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis - ANSWER Ribosomes
The process by which cells generate new proteins, essential for various cellular functions -
ANSWER Protein synthesis
A non-invasive growth that does not spread to other parts of the body - ANSWER Benign
Disorders caused by missing, extra, or irregular portions of chromosomal DNA, leading to
genetic disorders - ANSWER Chromosomal abnormalities
A cell signaling protein involved in inflammation and immune system functions - ANSWER
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
A group of cytokines regulating immune and inflammatory responses - ANSWER Interleukin
one
The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual organism - ANSWER
Fertilization
The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene
product - ANSWER Genetic expression
A tumor suppressor gene controlling cell growth - ANSWER RB one gene
A change in the DNA sequence of a cell's genome, leading to genetic variations - ANSWER
Mutation
Inadequate blood supply to an organ, especially the heart muscles, leading to tissue damage -
ANSWER Ischemia
Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that provides energy for cellular processes - ANSWER ATP
Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt and essential for various physiological functions
- ANSWER NaCl
Highly reactive molecules that can cause cellular damage and contribute to the development of
diseases - ANSWER Free radicals
A range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, including hypertension and ischemic
heart disease - ANSWER Cardiovascular disease
A genetic mutation that alters the amino acid sequence in a protein, potentially affecting its
function - ANSWER Missense mutation
The natural process of shrinking or wasting away of a body part or tissue, such as the thymus
gland changes during childhood - ANSWER Physiologic atrophy
Cellular organelles that generate energy and play a crucial role in metabolism - ANSWER
Mitochondria
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule carrying genetic instructions for growth, development, and
reproduction - ANSWER DNA
A chronic condition resulting from the pancreas producing little or no insulin, leading to high
blood sugar levels - ANSWER Type one diabetes mellitus
, Cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis - ANSWER Ribosomes
The process by which cells generate new proteins, essential for various cellular functions -
ANSWER Protein synthesis
A non-invasive growth that does not spread to other parts of the body - ANSWER Benign
Disorders caused by missing, extra, or irregular portions of chromosomal DNA, leading to
genetic disorders - ANSWER Chromosomal abnormalities
A cell signaling protein involved in inflammation and immune system functions - ANSWER
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
A group of cytokines regulating immune and inflammatory responses - ANSWER Interleukin
one
The fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual organism - ANSWER
Fertilization
The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene
product - ANSWER Genetic expression
A tumor suppressor gene controlling cell growth - ANSWER RB one gene
A change in the DNA sequence of a cell's genome, leading to genetic variations - ANSWER
Mutation
