NSG 2410 Pharmacology III — Final Questions
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1. A nurse is administering digoxin. Which finding indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Increased urine output
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity manifests as bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, and visual
disturbances.
2. A patient on warfarin has an INR of 5.2. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Give the next dose
B. Hold the dose and notify provider
C. Encourage increased vitamin K intake
D. Monitor daily weights
Rationale: An INR > 5 increases bleeding risk; the dose should be held and provider
notified.
3. Which medication is used as the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Naloxone
C. Flumazenil
D. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression.
,4. A nurse educates a patient starting on levothyroxine. Which statement
indicates understanding?
A. “I can stop taking it once I feel better.”
B. “I should take it at night with food.”
C. “I need to take it every morning before breakfast.”
D. “I’ll double my dose if I miss one.”
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken daily in the morning on an empty
stomach for best absorption.
5. Which lab test is essential for a patient receiving vancomycin?
A. INR
B. Trough level
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Potassium level
Rationale: Trough levels are monitored to prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
from vancomycin.
6. A patient prescribed spironolactone is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic; it can cause
hyperkalemia.
7. Which teaching is appropriate for a patient on nitroglycerin sublingual
tablets?
A. Swallow the pill immediately
B. Store in the bathroom cabinet
C. Sit down before taking to avoid dizziness
D. Take once daily regardless of chest pain
, Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and hypotension; patients should sit
to avoid falls.
8. A nurse prepares to give IV potassium chloride. Which action is correct?
A. Give as IV push
B. Dilute and infuse slowly via pump
C. Mix with heparin
D. Administer IM if IV access unavailable
Rationale: IV potassium must always be diluted and given slowly to prevent
cardiac arrest.
9. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with asthma?
A. Loratadine
B. Albuterol
C. Propranolol
D. Montelukast
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol can cause bronchospasm
in asthma patients.
10. A nurse monitors a patient on lisinopril. Which finding is most concerning?
A. Fatigue
B. Swelling of lips and tongue
C. Mild cough
D. Dizziness when standing
Rationale: Angioedema is a life-threatening side effect of ACE inhibitors like
lisinopril.
11. Which adverse effect is associated with aminoglycosides such as
gentamicin?
A. Constipation
B. Ototoxicity
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers) Plus
Rationales 2025/2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. A nurse is administering digoxin. Which finding indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Increased urine output
Rationale: Digoxin toxicity manifests as bradycardia, nausea, vomiting, and visual
disturbances.
2. A patient on warfarin has an INR of 5.2. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Give the next dose
B. Hold the dose and notify provider
C. Encourage increased vitamin K intake
D. Monitor daily weights
Rationale: An INR > 5 increases bleeding risk; the dose should be held and provider
notified.
3. Which medication is used as the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Atropine
B. Naloxone
C. Flumazenil
D. Protamine sulfate
Rationale: Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression.
,4. A nurse educates a patient starting on levothyroxine. Which statement
indicates understanding?
A. “I can stop taking it once I feel better.”
B. “I should take it at night with food.”
C. “I need to take it every morning before breakfast.”
D. “I’ll double my dose if I miss one.”
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken daily in the morning on an empty
stomach for best absorption.
5. Which lab test is essential for a patient receiving vancomycin?
A. INR
B. Trough level
C. Hemoglobin A1C
D. Potassium level
Rationale: Trough levels are monitored to prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
from vancomycin.
6. A patient prescribed spironolactone is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypomagnesemia
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic; it can cause
hyperkalemia.
7. Which teaching is appropriate for a patient on nitroglycerin sublingual
tablets?
A. Swallow the pill immediately
B. Store in the bathroom cabinet
C. Sit down before taking to avoid dizziness
D. Take once daily regardless of chest pain
, Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation and hypotension; patients should sit
to avoid falls.
8. A nurse prepares to give IV potassium chloride. Which action is correct?
A. Give as IV push
B. Dilute and infuse slowly via pump
C. Mix with heparin
D. Administer IM if IV access unavailable
Rationale: IV potassium must always be diluted and given slowly to prevent
cardiac arrest.
9. Which medication is contraindicated in patients with asthma?
A. Loratadine
B. Albuterol
C. Propranolol
D. Montelukast
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol can cause bronchospasm
in asthma patients.
10. A nurse monitors a patient on lisinopril. Which finding is most concerning?
A. Fatigue
B. Swelling of lips and tongue
C. Mild cough
D. Dizziness when standing
Rationale: Angioedema is a life-threatening side effect of ACE inhibitors like
lisinopril.
11. Which adverse effect is associated with aminoglycosides such as
gentamicin?
A. Constipation
B. Ototoxicity
