1
NR 568
NR 568/ NR568 MIDTERM EXAM: ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW| QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS| GRADE A| (NEW 2026/ 2027)
CHAMBERLAIN
1. Finasteride class: 5a-reductace inhibitors for BPH/urinary retention
2. finasteride moa: · reduce dihydrotestosterone production causing prostate
to shrink, removing mechanical obstruction of urethra. Takes months to
work.
3. Dutasteride is like finasteride but: long half life and takes months to clear
after stopping, more complete in circulating DHT
4. adverse effect in finasteride: · reduced ejaculate volume & libido (watch
dosage) and causes decline in PSA in all men.
5. finasteride and pregnancy/lactation: Teratogenic - do not let pregnant
women handle the
NR
, 2
NR 568
medication; do not donate blood while on dutasteride for 6 months after to
avoid transmission to women. Can increase likelihood of high-grade prostate
tumor.
6. teaching with finasteride: · Get baseline PSA; monitor psa at 6 month - if no
decrease, evaluate for prostate cancer
7. drug interactions with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors like finasteride: cyp34a
inhibitor - azoles, hiv meds, grapefruit juice
cyp34a inducer -anti-tb, anticonvulsants,
carbemazepine, phenytoin alpha1adrenergic blockers
(tamsulosin)
PDEi-
5 for
ED
testo
stero
ne
anti-
NR
, 3
NR 568
andro
gens
warfa
rin
8. selective a1 blocker tamsulosin, alfuzosin moa: · Blockade of alpha
receptors relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck
9. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor -Tadalafil moa: smooth muscle relaxation in
the bladder, prostate, and urethra. Can cause hypotension and priapism
10. Alpha blocker/5-alpha-reductase inhibitor combo:
Tamsulosin/dutasteride - reduces size of prostate and is a selective smooth
muscle relaxer.
11. Urinary retention medication: Selective alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist -
Tamsulosin
12. cholinergic treatment of urinary retention: muscarinic blockade in the
urinary tract can cause urinary hesitancy or retention. With someone who
was catheterized can treat with a muscarinic agonist. Nausea, diarrhea,
sweating, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction (avoid in asthma/COPD).
NR
, 4
NR 568
13. Treatment of UTI in pregnancy, including dose: UTIs must be treated as
complicated infections in pregnancy: First line treatment
-Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg bid 7-14 days
-Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy
otherwise 100mg BID for 5 days
14. Treatment of dysuria associated with UTI: o phenazopyridine - provides
symptomatic relief
Will discolor urine to a reddish orange; oral, 100mg to 200 mg take TID
15. phenazopyridine - contraindication/teaching: § Contraindicated in clients
with severe renal insufficiency
§ Don't take for more than 2 days, will stain clothes, body fluids
22. Treatment of UTI in patients with chronic kidney disease, with dose: §
Amoxicillin
500 mg PO TID for 7 days is the study guide's best choice for uncomplicated
UTI in CKD (CrCl 25 mL/min)—monitoring hypersensitivity reaction ensures
safety
NR
NR 568
NR 568/ NR568 MIDTERM EXAM: ADVANCED
PHARMACOLOGY REVIEW| QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS| GRADE A| (NEW 2026/ 2027)
CHAMBERLAIN
1. Finasteride class: 5a-reductace inhibitors for BPH/urinary retention
2. finasteride moa: · reduce dihydrotestosterone production causing prostate
to shrink, removing mechanical obstruction of urethra. Takes months to
work.
3. Dutasteride is like finasteride but: long half life and takes months to clear
after stopping, more complete in circulating DHT
4. adverse effect in finasteride: · reduced ejaculate volume & libido (watch
dosage) and causes decline in PSA in all men.
5. finasteride and pregnancy/lactation: Teratogenic - do not let pregnant
women handle the
NR
, 2
NR 568
medication; do not donate blood while on dutasteride for 6 months after to
avoid transmission to women. Can increase likelihood of high-grade prostate
tumor.
6. teaching with finasteride: · Get baseline PSA; monitor psa at 6 month - if no
decrease, evaluate for prostate cancer
7. drug interactions with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors like finasteride: cyp34a
inhibitor - azoles, hiv meds, grapefruit juice
cyp34a inducer -anti-tb, anticonvulsants,
carbemazepine, phenytoin alpha1adrenergic blockers
(tamsulosin)
PDEi-
5 for
ED
testo
stero
ne
anti-
NR
, 3
NR 568
andro
gens
warfa
rin
8. selective a1 blocker tamsulosin, alfuzosin moa: · Blockade of alpha
receptors relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck
9. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor -Tadalafil moa: smooth muscle relaxation in
the bladder, prostate, and urethra. Can cause hypotension and priapism
10. Alpha blocker/5-alpha-reductase inhibitor combo:
Tamsulosin/dutasteride - reduces size of prostate and is a selective smooth
muscle relaxer.
11. Urinary retention medication: Selective alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist -
Tamsulosin
12. cholinergic treatment of urinary retention: muscarinic blockade in the
urinary tract can cause urinary hesitancy or retention. With someone who
was catheterized can treat with a muscarinic agonist. Nausea, diarrhea,
sweating, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction (avoid in asthma/COPD).
NR
, 4
NR 568
13. Treatment of UTI in pregnancy, including dose: UTIs must be treated as
complicated infections in pregnancy: First line treatment
-Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg bid 7-14 days
-Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy
otherwise 100mg BID for 5 days
14. Treatment of dysuria associated with UTI: o phenazopyridine - provides
symptomatic relief
Will discolor urine to a reddish orange; oral, 100mg to 200 mg take TID
15. phenazopyridine - contraindication/teaching: § Contraindicated in clients
with severe renal insufficiency
§ Don't take for more than 2 days, will stain clothes, body fluids
22. Treatment of UTI in patients with chronic kidney disease, with dose: §
Amoxicillin
500 mg PO TID for 7 days is the study guide's best choice for uncomplicated
UTI in CKD (CrCl 25 mL/min)—monitoring hypersensitivity reaction ensures
safety
NR
