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Unit 3 KO - Witchcraze - asdfghjklwertyuiop[
British History (University of Oxford)
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The Witchcraze in Britain,
Europe and North America
c1580-c1750
Revision Notes
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KEY WORDS
Breadth Study:
Maleficium – “evil deed” – by 1580 this was understood as an act of witchcraft designed to harm
Sacrament – a ceremony carried out to attain spiritual grace, e.g Holy Communion
Devil’s mark – mark on the body of someone who had entered a covenant with the Devil
Cunning-Folk – general carried out good deeds – folk-healers etc
Assize circuit – courts that travelled in six circuits around the country, hearing serious cases
Justice of the Peace – a public official appointed to administer the law at a local level
Privy Council – private council of the Monarch
Vagrant – beggar or someone who would wander looking for work. By 17th Century it was someone who could work but chose
not to – could be punished by whipping etc
Royal Society – founded in 1660 in order to promote the advancement of science and rational thought
Dissenter – a member of the non-established church outside the Church of England
Melancholia – depression or sorrowfulness
Idolater – someone who worships false idols
Nonconformist – a Protestant who does not conform to the established practices of the Church of England
Calvinist – follower of John Calvin – Protestant Reformation. Very strict
Heretic – someone who disagrees with the teachings of the Church
Homocentric – belief that all rotations in the universe are centred on Earth
Natural Philosophy – the study of the natural world.
Empiricism – the belief that knowledge can only come from experience – seek out evidence to formulate theories
Polymath – a person of wide knowledge and learning who specialises in a number of different subjects
Convention Parliament – parliament assembled without the authority of the monarch
Alchemist – someone who tries to transform common substances and liquids into gold or potions used to cure disease
Inductive reasoning – reasoning based on evidence
Deductive reasoning – when a conclusion is made based on something already know or assumed.
Depth Studies
Kirk – Scottish church
Lutheran – Follower of Protestant reformer Martin Luther – oldest protestant denomination
Borgmaster – principal magistrate of a Danish town
Coven – an assembly or group of witches – often believed to consist of 13 people
Boots – screws for the legs which would gradually be tightened, crushing bones
Kiss of Shame – an initiation among witches where they are expected to kiss the Devil’s buttocks
Divine Right of Kings – the notion that kings are appointed by God
Royal favourite – a close advisor given significant power and influence by a monarch
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Copyholder – someone who worked on the land of a lord
Subtenant – someone who rented land from a copyholder – very poor
Enclosure – the process of fencing off common land
Duchy of Lancaster – territory controlled by the Duke of Lancaster
Recusant – a person who remains loyal to the Catholic faith
Dependant Chapelry – a district served by a chapel, rather than a larger parish church
Lancashire Quarter Sessions – a local court that met four times a year in order to try serious cases
Pedlar – travelling salesman
Witches’ sabbat – secret meeting of witches
Baron of the Exchequar – one of the most senior judges in England
Holy Roman Empire – complex central European territories that existed from 962 to 1806 under the overall authority of an
emperor
Counter-Reformation – a reform movement within the Catholic Church to oppose the Protestant Reformation
Jesuit – member of the Catholic religious order the Society of Jesus
Habsburgs – German Royal family – split into Austrian and Spanish lines in 1551
Reserve currency – strong currency held in reserve by central banks or treasuries as part of their foreign exchange reserves
Holfrat – high-ranking advisor to the Holy Roman Emperor (similar to the Privy Council in England)
Imperial Chamber Court – highest judicial court in the Holy Roman Empire
Diet of Regensburg – a meeting of the senior leaders of the Holy Roman Empire, held between July and November 1630
New Model Army – parliamentary army – disciplined and well-trained
Eastern Association – a military organisation comprising the seven county militias of Eastern England formed during the English
Civil War
Ergot – fungal disease that particularly affects rye
Seed-corn – good quality corn set aside for planting the following year
Poor rates – a local tax levied at parish level in order to finance the support of the poor
High Church – a tradition within the Church of England that emphasised ritual, authority of bishops, sacraments and much
continuity with the Catholic Church
Star Chamber – court of law based at the Palace of Westminster
Popish Plot – a conspiracy to replace the Protestant authorities with Catholics
Theocracy – a system of government in which God is held to be supreme ruler and clergy are involved in the day-to-day running
of the state
Voodoo – a religion of West African origin practised in the Caribbean – multiple gods, ancestor worship and magic
Downloaded by olinder seth ()
Unit 3 KO - Witchcraze - asdfghjklwertyuiop[
British History (University of Oxford)
Scan to open on Studocu
Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university
Downloaded by olinder seth ()
, lOMoARcPSD|59658805
The Witchcraze in Britain,
Europe and North America
c1580-c1750
Revision Notes
Downloaded by olinder seth ()
, lOMoARcPSD|59658805
KEY WORDS
Breadth Study:
Maleficium – “evil deed” – by 1580 this was understood as an act of witchcraft designed to harm
Sacrament – a ceremony carried out to attain spiritual grace, e.g Holy Communion
Devil’s mark – mark on the body of someone who had entered a covenant with the Devil
Cunning-Folk – general carried out good deeds – folk-healers etc
Assize circuit – courts that travelled in six circuits around the country, hearing serious cases
Justice of the Peace – a public official appointed to administer the law at a local level
Privy Council – private council of the Monarch
Vagrant – beggar or someone who would wander looking for work. By 17th Century it was someone who could work but chose
not to – could be punished by whipping etc
Royal Society – founded in 1660 in order to promote the advancement of science and rational thought
Dissenter – a member of the non-established church outside the Church of England
Melancholia – depression or sorrowfulness
Idolater – someone who worships false idols
Nonconformist – a Protestant who does not conform to the established practices of the Church of England
Calvinist – follower of John Calvin – Protestant Reformation. Very strict
Heretic – someone who disagrees with the teachings of the Church
Homocentric – belief that all rotations in the universe are centred on Earth
Natural Philosophy – the study of the natural world.
Empiricism – the belief that knowledge can only come from experience – seek out evidence to formulate theories
Polymath – a person of wide knowledge and learning who specialises in a number of different subjects
Convention Parliament – parliament assembled without the authority of the monarch
Alchemist – someone who tries to transform common substances and liquids into gold or potions used to cure disease
Inductive reasoning – reasoning based on evidence
Deductive reasoning – when a conclusion is made based on something already know or assumed.
Depth Studies
Kirk – Scottish church
Lutheran – Follower of Protestant reformer Martin Luther – oldest protestant denomination
Borgmaster – principal magistrate of a Danish town
Coven – an assembly or group of witches – often believed to consist of 13 people
Boots – screws for the legs which would gradually be tightened, crushing bones
Kiss of Shame – an initiation among witches where they are expected to kiss the Devil’s buttocks
Divine Right of Kings – the notion that kings are appointed by God
Royal favourite – a close advisor given significant power and influence by a monarch
Downloaded by olinder seth ()
, lOMoARcPSD|59658805
Copyholder – someone who worked on the land of a lord
Subtenant – someone who rented land from a copyholder – very poor
Enclosure – the process of fencing off common land
Duchy of Lancaster – territory controlled by the Duke of Lancaster
Recusant – a person who remains loyal to the Catholic faith
Dependant Chapelry – a district served by a chapel, rather than a larger parish church
Lancashire Quarter Sessions – a local court that met four times a year in order to try serious cases
Pedlar – travelling salesman
Witches’ sabbat – secret meeting of witches
Baron of the Exchequar – one of the most senior judges in England
Holy Roman Empire – complex central European territories that existed from 962 to 1806 under the overall authority of an
emperor
Counter-Reformation – a reform movement within the Catholic Church to oppose the Protestant Reformation
Jesuit – member of the Catholic religious order the Society of Jesus
Habsburgs – German Royal family – split into Austrian and Spanish lines in 1551
Reserve currency – strong currency held in reserve by central banks or treasuries as part of their foreign exchange reserves
Holfrat – high-ranking advisor to the Holy Roman Emperor (similar to the Privy Council in England)
Imperial Chamber Court – highest judicial court in the Holy Roman Empire
Diet of Regensburg – a meeting of the senior leaders of the Holy Roman Empire, held between July and November 1630
New Model Army – parliamentary army – disciplined and well-trained
Eastern Association – a military organisation comprising the seven county militias of Eastern England formed during the English
Civil War
Ergot – fungal disease that particularly affects rye
Seed-corn – good quality corn set aside for planting the following year
Poor rates – a local tax levied at parish level in order to finance the support of the poor
High Church – a tradition within the Church of England that emphasised ritual, authority of bishops, sacraments and much
continuity with the Catholic Church
Star Chamber – court of law based at the Palace of Westminster
Popish Plot – a conspiracy to replace the Protestant authorities with Catholics
Theocracy – a system of government in which God is held to be supreme ruler and clergy are involved in the day-to-day running
of the state
Voodoo – a religion of West African origin practised in the Caribbean – multiple gods, ancestor worship and magic
Downloaded by olinder seth ()
