BIOD 103 Medical Terminology, Mod 2
Describe the anatomical position - answer body facing forward, arms out to the side
facing forward, feet facing forward
Describe Supine and Prone - answer Supine: lying flat on the back, facing up
Prone: laying flat on the stomach, facing done
Identify the directional root words and their meaning - answer1. Anter (o) front
2. Poster (o) back
3. Cephal (o) toward the head
4. Caud (o) toward the tail or downward
5. Dist (o) away from the point of origin
6. Proxim (o) near or towards the point of origin
7. Later (o) to the side or away from the midline
8. Medi (o) towards the middle or midline
9. Super (o) above
10. Infer (o) below
11. Ventr (o) toward the front
12. Dors (o) toward the back
An 88-year-old female comes into the emergency room after sustaining a fall in her
home. She is complaining of groin pain that radiates from the anteromedial thigh to the
distal femur. Because you know your directional terminology, you know that she is
experiencing pain that radiates from the front/inner thigh down to the knee.
Identify the anatomical planes - answer1. Frontal (Coronal) plane: anterior/posterior
divsion
2. Midsagittal plane: divides the body into equal right and left hemispheres(or havles) at
the midline
3. Sagittal plane: divides the body into right and left sides, but does not have to occur at
the midline
4. Transverse plane (or "cross-section") divides the body into superior and inferior
halves
, What consists of the integumentary system? - answerskin (body's largest organ)
hair, nails, and glands.
What are the two layers of the skin? - answer1. epidermis: the thinner, superficial layer
of the skin
2. dermis: deeper layer composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, glands,
and hair follicles
What are the four main functions of the integuments? - answer1. Thermoregulation:
through evaporation of sweat and regulation of blood flow
2. Vitamin D production: precursor molecules found in your skin mix with UV sunlight to
form this vitamin
3. Protection: your skin acts as a physical barrier to the outside elements
4. Wound Healing: cells in both layers of skin come together to form new tissue through
a process called granulation
What comprises the musculoskeletal system? - answer1. bones
2. muscles
3. joints
4. ligaments/tendons
what are the two divisions of the skeletal system? - answer1. Axial skeleton: skull,
thorax, vertebral column, and pelvis
2. Appendicular skeleton: upper and lower extremities
What are the four types of bones found in the skeletal system - answer1. long bones -
femur, humerus
2. short bones - carpal and tarsal bones in wrists and ankle
3. flat bones - broad, flat mostly for protection; skull bones
4. irregular bones - have irregular shapes that serve as sites for multiple muscle
attatchments; vertebrae
Define the three major roles of bones - answer1. Protection - for our vital organs
2. Calcium storage and release - calcium is needed for bone development, blood
clotting, as well as normal muscle nerve activity
Describe the anatomical position - answer body facing forward, arms out to the side
facing forward, feet facing forward
Describe Supine and Prone - answer Supine: lying flat on the back, facing up
Prone: laying flat on the stomach, facing done
Identify the directional root words and their meaning - answer1. Anter (o) front
2. Poster (o) back
3. Cephal (o) toward the head
4. Caud (o) toward the tail or downward
5. Dist (o) away from the point of origin
6. Proxim (o) near or towards the point of origin
7. Later (o) to the side or away from the midline
8. Medi (o) towards the middle or midline
9. Super (o) above
10. Infer (o) below
11. Ventr (o) toward the front
12. Dors (o) toward the back
An 88-year-old female comes into the emergency room after sustaining a fall in her
home. She is complaining of groin pain that radiates from the anteromedial thigh to the
distal femur. Because you know your directional terminology, you know that she is
experiencing pain that radiates from the front/inner thigh down to the knee.
Identify the anatomical planes - answer1. Frontal (Coronal) plane: anterior/posterior
divsion
2. Midsagittal plane: divides the body into equal right and left hemispheres(or havles) at
the midline
3. Sagittal plane: divides the body into right and left sides, but does not have to occur at
the midline
4. Transverse plane (or "cross-section") divides the body into superior and inferior
halves
, What consists of the integumentary system? - answerskin (body's largest organ)
hair, nails, and glands.
What are the two layers of the skin? - answer1. epidermis: the thinner, superficial layer
of the skin
2. dermis: deeper layer composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, glands,
and hair follicles
What are the four main functions of the integuments? - answer1. Thermoregulation:
through evaporation of sweat and regulation of blood flow
2. Vitamin D production: precursor molecules found in your skin mix with UV sunlight to
form this vitamin
3. Protection: your skin acts as a physical barrier to the outside elements
4. Wound Healing: cells in both layers of skin come together to form new tissue through
a process called granulation
What comprises the musculoskeletal system? - answer1. bones
2. muscles
3. joints
4. ligaments/tendons
what are the two divisions of the skeletal system? - answer1. Axial skeleton: skull,
thorax, vertebral column, and pelvis
2. Appendicular skeleton: upper and lower extremities
What are the four types of bones found in the skeletal system - answer1. long bones -
femur, humerus
2. short bones - carpal and tarsal bones in wrists and ankle
3. flat bones - broad, flat mostly for protection; skull bones
4. irregular bones - have irregular shapes that serve as sites for multiple muscle
attatchments; vertebrae
Define the three major roles of bones - answer1. Protection - for our vital organs
2. Calcium storage and release - calcium is needed for bone development, blood
clotting, as well as normal muscle nerve activity
