BIO 200 Final Exam Questions and
Answers
posterior pituitary - ANSWER-neural connection to hypothalamus
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin - ANSWER-lactation, uterine contractions, mood and sexual arousal
antidiuretic hormone - ANSWER-degree of urine concentration
tropic hormones - ANSWER-in anterior pituitary, signals production of other
hormones
anterior pituitary - ANSWER-circulatory/hormonal connection to hypothalamus
(releasing vs. inhibiting)
large number of hormones (tropic vs. nontropic)
HPT axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> thyroid gland
maintains metabolic rate via thyroid hormones
HPA axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> adrenal glands
stress response via corticosteroids
HPG axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> gonads
sex steroids: estrogen and androgens
endocrine glands - ANSWER-pineal gland and parathyroid gland
pineal gland - ANSWER-melatonin for seasonal rhythm
parathyroid gland - ANSWER-calcium
the adrenal medulla is stimulated to increase adrenaline whenever there is an
increased frequency of nerve impulses. This best represents... - ANSWER-
neuroendocrine pathway
Which of the following is NOT true about hormones - ANSWER-can trigger effects in
cells of different individuals if released in environment
asexual mechanisms - ANSWER-budding, fission, fragmentation and regeneration
characteristics of asexual reproduction - ANSWER-no mate, rapid colonization if
environment is suitable
, characteristic of sexual reproduction - ANSWER-2 mates, genetic diversity
parthenogenesis - ANSWER-an egg that is unfertilized, population tends to be all
female
sexual mechanism - ANSWER-hemaphroditism, sequential (often sessile, burrowing,
or parasitic), simultaneous
the HPG axis would most likely be involved in - ANSWER-asexual species during
parthenogenesis and sexual species producing sperm and eggs
female reproductive system - ANSWER-oogenesis and ovulation
females are born with the eggs they will have the rest of their life
ovulation cycle - ANSWER-1. primary oocyte within follicle
2. growing follicle
3. mature follicle
4. ovulated secondary oocyte
5. corpus luteum
6. degenerating corpus luteum
follicular phase - ANSWER-positive feedback
gonadatropin releasing hormone
folicle stimulating hormone and luteneizing hormone
luteal phase - ANSWER-negative feedback
increasing estradiol from ovaries
LH from pituitary
a blood sample was taken from a woman in her 40s showing high levels of estrogen,
progesterone, hCG, and prolactin suggests that - ANSWER-she is pregnant
testes - ANSWER-testosterone production
sperm production
pathway for sperm production - ANSWER-hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, FSH,
seritoli cells, inhibin/spermatogenesis
pathway for testosterone production - ANSWER-hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, LH,
leydig cells, testosterone
external fertilization - ANSWER-eggs shed by the female are fertilized by sperm in
the external environment
internal fertilization - ANSWER-sperm are desposited in her/near the female
reproductive tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract
An advantage of internal fertilization over external fertilization is that - ANSWER-
internal fertilization prevents the drying out of gametes in a dry environment
Answers
posterior pituitary - ANSWER-neural connection to hypothalamus
oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin - ANSWER-lactation, uterine contractions, mood and sexual arousal
antidiuretic hormone - ANSWER-degree of urine concentration
tropic hormones - ANSWER-in anterior pituitary, signals production of other
hormones
anterior pituitary - ANSWER-circulatory/hormonal connection to hypothalamus
(releasing vs. inhibiting)
large number of hormones (tropic vs. nontropic)
HPT axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> thyroid gland
maintains metabolic rate via thyroid hormones
HPA axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> adrenal glands
stress response via corticosteroids
HPG axis - ANSWER-hypothalamus -> pituitary -> gonads
sex steroids: estrogen and androgens
endocrine glands - ANSWER-pineal gland and parathyroid gland
pineal gland - ANSWER-melatonin for seasonal rhythm
parathyroid gland - ANSWER-calcium
the adrenal medulla is stimulated to increase adrenaline whenever there is an
increased frequency of nerve impulses. This best represents... - ANSWER-
neuroendocrine pathway
Which of the following is NOT true about hormones - ANSWER-can trigger effects in
cells of different individuals if released in environment
asexual mechanisms - ANSWER-budding, fission, fragmentation and regeneration
characteristics of asexual reproduction - ANSWER-no mate, rapid colonization if
environment is suitable
, characteristic of sexual reproduction - ANSWER-2 mates, genetic diversity
parthenogenesis - ANSWER-an egg that is unfertilized, population tends to be all
female
sexual mechanism - ANSWER-hemaphroditism, sequential (often sessile, burrowing,
or parasitic), simultaneous
the HPG axis would most likely be involved in - ANSWER-asexual species during
parthenogenesis and sexual species producing sperm and eggs
female reproductive system - ANSWER-oogenesis and ovulation
females are born with the eggs they will have the rest of their life
ovulation cycle - ANSWER-1. primary oocyte within follicle
2. growing follicle
3. mature follicle
4. ovulated secondary oocyte
5. corpus luteum
6. degenerating corpus luteum
follicular phase - ANSWER-positive feedback
gonadatropin releasing hormone
folicle stimulating hormone and luteneizing hormone
luteal phase - ANSWER-negative feedback
increasing estradiol from ovaries
LH from pituitary
a blood sample was taken from a woman in her 40s showing high levels of estrogen,
progesterone, hCG, and prolactin suggests that - ANSWER-she is pregnant
testes - ANSWER-testosterone production
sperm production
pathway for sperm production - ANSWER-hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, FSH,
seritoli cells, inhibin/spermatogenesis
pathway for testosterone production - ANSWER-hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, LH,
leydig cells, testosterone
external fertilization - ANSWER-eggs shed by the female are fertilized by sperm in
the external environment
internal fertilization - ANSWER-sperm are desposited in her/near the female
reproductive tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract
An advantage of internal fertilization over external fertilization is that - ANSWER-
internal fertilization prevents the drying out of gametes in a dry environment
