1
ESL CERTIFICATION EXAM ACTUAL EXAM
300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Lau vs. Nichols - (ANSWER)1974- The US Supreme Court decision which found
the San Francisco Board of Education failing in the duty of providing equal access
to education of Chinese speaking students. This decision mandates that states
address the unique language needs of the second language learner. Must take
steps needed to provide EL's with an instructional program and be given equal
access.
Castaneda vs. Pickard - (ANSWER)A 1978 case establishing that effectiveness of
an ESL program must be evaluated after a trial period, must be based on sound
educational theory, and must have resources necessary. Three prongs
What are the three Prongs for Castaneda vs. Pickard - (ANSWER)1. Based on
sound educational research
2. Implemented with adequate commitment and resources
3. Evaluated and proven to be effective.
Grammatical Approach - (ANSWER)Deductive- Part to whole- Classical Greek and
Latin Instruction
Communicative approach - (ANSWER)Inductive Whole to part- 1960's - 1970's
constructivism and social interaction
, 2
Cognitive Approach - (ANSWER)Inductive Whole to part- 1980's-1990's
researching on learning functions memory and cognitive
Behaviorism - (ANSWER)Environment shapes behavior: knowing language but not
how to use the language
Sheltered Instruction - (ANSWER)Grade-level content-area instruction provided in
English in a manner that makes it comprehensible to ELLs while supporting their
English language development.
Formative Assessment - (ANSWER)Takes place during learning and is used to plan
or modify instruction
Summative Assessment - (ANSWER)testing that follows instruction and assesses
achievement
To best support and encourage students' ongoing interaction with literature, it
would be most effective for the teacher to?
A- Help students learn how to select books that are likely to be comprehensible
and of interest to them.
B-Encourage students occasionally to read literature independently without
talking or writing about it.
C- monitor the reader response groups and journals and correct students
misconceptions about the books.
, 3
D. Make presentations to students about standards guidelines for literacy
evaluation and criticism. - (ANSWER)A- Help Students learn how to select books
that are likely to be comprehensible and of interest to them.
Which of the following is most important for effective second-language
acquisition?
A- Engaging in social activities and meaningful interactions
B-Memorizing and practicing frequently used words and phrases
C- Interacting primarily with the teacher and other adults
D- Learning with various structured and rote activities - (ANSWER)A- Engaging in
social activities and meaningful interactions.
Which of the following statements is primarily true about the relationship
between a students first- and second language acquisition.
A- Cognitive development in L1 should be discontinued through the elementary
years in order to achieve cognitive and academic success in L2
B Cognitive development in L1 should be limited through elementary years in
order to achieve cognitive and academic success in L2.
C- Students who receive formal schooling in L1 do better at acquiring L2 than
students with no schooling in L1
D. Students who receive formal schooling in L1 do worse at acquiring L2 than
students with no schooling in L1. - (ANSWER)C- students who receive formal
schooling in L1 do better at acquiring L2 than student with no schooling in L1.
, 4
It is most important for a teacher who provides content instruction to ESL
students to do which of the following.
A- Expect the ESL students to remain academically behind their peers.
B- Discourage ESL students from using nonstandard English
C- Provide lower-level content instructional materials to the ESL students
D- Incorporate content materials that are culturally relevant to the ESL students. -
(ANSWER)D- Incorporate content materials that are culturally relevant to the ESL
students.
Hanh, a Vietnamese student, has been in the United Stated for eighteen months.
She is progressing in her schoolwork, but she rarely speaks to her classmates or
teachers. Which of the following is the best action for the teacher to take to help
increase Hanh's oral proficiency in English?
A- Partnering Hanh with an English- speaking peer during oral discussion and
presentations
B- Incorporating daily lessons on social interactions that include role- playing
C- Providing Hanh with a list of common phrases in English for her to memorize
and practice.
D. Providing individual social lessons for Hanh to practice speaking until she is
comfortable. - (ANSWER)B- Incorporating daily lessons on social interactions that
include role- playing
Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the transfer of
literacy knowledge and skills from L1 to L2
A- Literacy instruction should be confined to L1 to prevent negative transfer
between L1 and L2
ESL CERTIFICATION EXAM ACTUAL EXAM
300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS
Lau vs. Nichols - (ANSWER)1974- The US Supreme Court decision which found
the San Francisco Board of Education failing in the duty of providing equal access
to education of Chinese speaking students. This decision mandates that states
address the unique language needs of the second language learner. Must take
steps needed to provide EL's with an instructional program and be given equal
access.
Castaneda vs. Pickard - (ANSWER)A 1978 case establishing that effectiveness of
an ESL program must be evaluated after a trial period, must be based on sound
educational theory, and must have resources necessary. Three prongs
What are the three Prongs for Castaneda vs. Pickard - (ANSWER)1. Based on
sound educational research
2. Implemented with adequate commitment and resources
3. Evaluated and proven to be effective.
Grammatical Approach - (ANSWER)Deductive- Part to whole- Classical Greek and
Latin Instruction
Communicative approach - (ANSWER)Inductive Whole to part- 1960's - 1970's
constructivism and social interaction
, 2
Cognitive Approach - (ANSWER)Inductive Whole to part- 1980's-1990's
researching on learning functions memory and cognitive
Behaviorism - (ANSWER)Environment shapes behavior: knowing language but not
how to use the language
Sheltered Instruction - (ANSWER)Grade-level content-area instruction provided in
English in a manner that makes it comprehensible to ELLs while supporting their
English language development.
Formative Assessment - (ANSWER)Takes place during learning and is used to plan
or modify instruction
Summative Assessment - (ANSWER)testing that follows instruction and assesses
achievement
To best support and encourage students' ongoing interaction with literature, it
would be most effective for the teacher to?
A- Help students learn how to select books that are likely to be comprehensible
and of interest to them.
B-Encourage students occasionally to read literature independently without
talking or writing about it.
C- monitor the reader response groups and journals and correct students
misconceptions about the books.
, 3
D. Make presentations to students about standards guidelines for literacy
evaluation and criticism. - (ANSWER)A- Help Students learn how to select books
that are likely to be comprehensible and of interest to them.
Which of the following is most important for effective second-language
acquisition?
A- Engaging in social activities and meaningful interactions
B-Memorizing and practicing frequently used words and phrases
C- Interacting primarily with the teacher and other adults
D- Learning with various structured and rote activities - (ANSWER)A- Engaging in
social activities and meaningful interactions.
Which of the following statements is primarily true about the relationship
between a students first- and second language acquisition.
A- Cognitive development in L1 should be discontinued through the elementary
years in order to achieve cognitive and academic success in L2
B Cognitive development in L1 should be limited through elementary years in
order to achieve cognitive and academic success in L2.
C- Students who receive formal schooling in L1 do better at acquiring L2 than
students with no schooling in L1
D. Students who receive formal schooling in L1 do worse at acquiring L2 than
students with no schooling in L1. - (ANSWER)C- students who receive formal
schooling in L1 do better at acquiring L2 than student with no schooling in L1.
, 4
It is most important for a teacher who provides content instruction to ESL
students to do which of the following.
A- Expect the ESL students to remain academically behind their peers.
B- Discourage ESL students from using nonstandard English
C- Provide lower-level content instructional materials to the ESL students
D- Incorporate content materials that are culturally relevant to the ESL students. -
(ANSWER)D- Incorporate content materials that are culturally relevant to the ESL
students.
Hanh, a Vietnamese student, has been in the United Stated for eighteen months.
She is progressing in her schoolwork, but she rarely speaks to her classmates or
teachers. Which of the following is the best action for the teacher to take to help
increase Hanh's oral proficiency in English?
A- Partnering Hanh with an English- speaking peer during oral discussion and
presentations
B- Incorporating daily lessons on social interactions that include role- playing
C- Providing Hanh with a list of common phrases in English for her to memorize
and practice.
D. Providing individual social lessons for Hanh to practice speaking until she is
comfortable. - (ANSWER)B- Incorporating daily lessons on social interactions that
include role- playing
Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the transfer of
literacy knowledge and skills from L1 to L2
A- Literacy instruction should be confined to L1 to prevent negative transfer
between L1 and L2
