Acid-Base balance Questions with Answers (100% Correct Answers)

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Acid-Base balance Questions with Answers (100% Correct
Answers)


Respiratory acidosis

Ans: pH low, PaCO2 high, K+ high.


compensated by HCO3 high to bring pH to normal


Metabolic acidosis

Ans: pH low, HCO3 low, K+ high


compensated by PaCO2 low


Respiratory alkalosis

Ans: pH high, PaCO2 low, K+ low.


compensated by HCO3 low to bring pH to normal


Metabolic alkalosis

Ans: pH high, HCO3 high, K+ low


compensated by PaCO2 high


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Buffer system

Ans: CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 = H(+) + HCO3


What causes

Metabolic alkalosis?

Ans: loss of hydrogen ions or acids or



an excess of base bicarbonate


For example:

-hypovolemia,
-the loss of gastric fluid via NG suction or vomitting,

-excessive bicarbonate intake,
-massive transfusion of whole blood,

-hyperaldosteronism.


The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following:
pH 7.45, Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mm Hg), and HCO3- of 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L). The
nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition?

Ans: Respiratory alkalosis, compensated


The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low
suction. The nurse monitors the client for manifestations of which disorder that the
client is at risk for?

Ans: Metabolic alkalosis


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