NATIONAL COUNSELOR EXAMINATION STUDY GUIDE
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS BRAND NEW
EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS
Using motivation from 'within' is known as ______________
A. Inside motivation
B. Interior motivation
C. Intrinsic motivation
D. Idealistic motivation Ans✓✓✓C. Intrinsic motivation
Which of the following is not an example of extrinsic motivation?
A. Employee performance improves when wages are increased
B. A sleep apnea patient follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
C. Children finish a task more quickly if they are promised candy
D. A student studies more on a test to make the highest grade in the class
Ans✓✓✓B. A sleep apnea patient follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
Which of the following socioeconomic factor could affect the outcome
of therapeutic counseling? Choose all that apply.
A. Lack of transportation
B. Lack of intrinsic motivation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
D. None of the above Ans✓✓✓A. Lack of transportation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
,What is the meaning of transference/countertransference relationships?
Choose all that apply.
A. A client transferring their relationship with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the
client
C. Transferring the blame or outcome of behavior onto someone else
D. None of the above Ans✓✓✓A. A client transferring their relationship
with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the
client
What is one instance that might cause a clinician to break the strong
code of client confidentiality?
A. Feeling the need to talk
B. Duty to warn
C. When the therapist is going on vacation
D. All of the above Ans✓✓✓B. Duty to warn
Behavior Theory Ans✓✓✓comes from the idea that all behaviors are
learned and acquired through a process known as conditioning
What theory is most often associated with the psychologists B.F.
Skinner and John B. Watson? Ans✓✓✓behavior theory
,Behavior Therapy Ans✓✓✓concentrates on the observable behaviors of
a person or group, and dismisses internal mental states
Key components of Behavior theory: Ans✓✓✓conditioning,
reinforcement, and punishment
What does behavioral theory NOT take into count? Ans✓✓✓the
concepts of emotion or even the unconscious or subconscious, as these
states are subjective rather than objective
Behaviorists believe that all behavior can be what? Ans✓✓✓Trained
Classical Conditioning Ans✓✓✓a process in which a subject comes to
respond to a stimulus that was previously considered neutral, continued
exposure to the stimulus will elicit a desired response
Operant Conditioning Ans✓✓✓a process in which a subject engages in
the correct behavior through the use of both rewards and punishments
for a response. The subject learns to associate the behavior with the
outcome
Who created the behavioral psychology theory based on the idea that
human beings respond to their environment; external stimuli, not
internal stimuli? Ans✓✓✓Watson - he believed that all human beings
could change their behavior through classical or operant conditioning.
, Who developed the following schedules of reinforcement:
Continuous reinforcement, partial reinforcement (fixed ratio, variable
ratio, fixed interval, variable interval) Ans✓✓✓B.F. Skinner -
behavioral theorist
Continuous reinforcement schedule Ans✓✓✓reinforcing the desired
response every time it occurs
Partial reinforcement schedule Ans✓✓✓reinforcing a response only part
of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater
resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement
fixed ratio schedule Ans✓✓✓a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a
response only after a predetermined number of responses
What strength of reinforcement does fixed ratio schedule produce?
Ans✓✓✓a high, steady rate of responses.
What schedule of reinforcement is: giving a subject a piece of candy
after they answer five questions correctly Ans✓✓✓Fixed ratio
variable-ratio schedule Ans✓✓✓a reinforcement schedule that
reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS BRAND NEW
EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS
Using motivation from 'within' is known as ______________
A. Inside motivation
B. Interior motivation
C. Intrinsic motivation
D. Idealistic motivation Ans✓✓✓C. Intrinsic motivation
Which of the following is not an example of extrinsic motivation?
A. Employee performance improves when wages are increased
B. A sleep apnea patient follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
C. Children finish a task more quickly if they are promised candy
D. A student studies more on a test to make the highest grade in the class
Ans✓✓✓B. A sleep apnea patient follows a strict sleep hygiene plan
Which of the following socioeconomic factor could affect the outcome
of therapeutic counseling? Choose all that apply.
A. Lack of transportation
B. Lack of intrinsic motivation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
D. None of the above Ans✓✓✓A. Lack of transportation
C. Lack of positive cultural norms for entering therapy
,What is the meaning of transference/countertransference relationships?
Choose all that apply.
A. A client transferring their relationship with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the
client
C. Transferring the blame or outcome of behavior onto someone else
D. None of the above Ans✓✓✓A. A client transferring their relationship
with another onto the therapist
B. The therapist transferring their relationship with another onto the
client
What is one instance that might cause a clinician to break the strong
code of client confidentiality?
A. Feeling the need to talk
B. Duty to warn
C. When the therapist is going on vacation
D. All of the above Ans✓✓✓B. Duty to warn
Behavior Theory Ans✓✓✓comes from the idea that all behaviors are
learned and acquired through a process known as conditioning
What theory is most often associated with the psychologists B.F.
Skinner and John B. Watson? Ans✓✓✓behavior theory
,Behavior Therapy Ans✓✓✓concentrates on the observable behaviors of
a person or group, and dismisses internal mental states
Key components of Behavior theory: Ans✓✓✓conditioning,
reinforcement, and punishment
What does behavioral theory NOT take into count? Ans✓✓✓the
concepts of emotion or even the unconscious or subconscious, as these
states are subjective rather than objective
Behaviorists believe that all behavior can be what? Ans✓✓✓Trained
Classical Conditioning Ans✓✓✓a process in which a subject comes to
respond to a stimulus that was previously considered neutral, continued
exposure to the stimulus will elicit a desired response
Operant Conditioning Ans✓✓✓a process in which a subject engages in
the correct behavior through the use of both rewards and punishments
for a response. The subject learns to associate the behavior with the
outcome
Who created the behavioral psychology theory based on the idea that
human beings respond to their environment; external stimuli, not
internal stimuli? Ans✓✓✓Watson - he believed that all human beings
could change their behavior through classical or operant conditioning.
, Who developed the following schedules of reinforcement:
Continuous reinforcement, partial reinforcement (fixed ratio, variable
ratio, fixed interval, variable interval) Ans✓✓✓B.F. Skinner -
behavioral theorist
Continuous reinforcement schedule Ans✓✓✓reinforcing the desired
response every time it occurs
Partial reinforcement schedule Ans✓✓✓reinforcing a response only part
of the time; results in slower acquisition of a response but much greater
resistance to extinction than does continuous reinforcement
fixed ratio schedule Ans✓✓✓a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a
response only after a predetermined number of responses
What strength of reinforcement does fixed ratio schedule produce?
Ans✓✓✓a high, steady rate of responses.
What schedule of reinforcement is: giving a subject a piece of candy
after they answer five questions correctly Ans✓✓✓Fixed ratio
variable-ratio schedule Ans✓✓✓a reinforcement schedule that
reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses
